Identifying neuropathic pain and the effects of perioperative psychological intervention in patients with gastric cancer

Table 1 Comparison of general data, n (%)/mean ± SD

Group	n	Sex		Age (years)	BMI (kg/m2)	TNM stage
		Male	Female			II	III	IV
Observation	50	32 (64.00)	18 (36.00)	62.41 ± 7.75	22.54 ± 1.86	8 (16.00)	36 (72.00)	6 (12.00)
Control	50	29 (58.00)	21 (42.00)	61.83 ± 7.58	22.77 ± 1.94	10 (20.00)	33 (66.00)	7 (14.00)
χ2/t		0.407		0.378	0.605	0.431
P value		0.523		0.706	0.547	0.806

BMI: Body mass index; TNM: Tumor-node-metastasis.

Table 2 Comparison of pain intensity and pain characteristics, n (%)/mean ± SD

Group	n	Resting pain NRS score		NRS score for activity-related pain		Nature of pain (NP-positive)
		Pre-1 day	Post-7 days	Pre-1 day	Post-7 days	Pre-1 day	Post-7 days
Observation	50	2.25 ± 0.91	2.86 ± 0.95a	3.92 ± 1.25	4.72 ± 1.16a	21 (42.00)	18 (36.00)
Control	50	2.14 ± 0.82	4.03 ± 1.38a	3.83 ± 1.19	5.83 ± 1.44a	22 (44.00)	29 (58.00)
t		0.635	4.940	0.369	4.252	0.041	4.878
P value		0.527	< 0.001	0.713	< 0.001	0.840	0.027

^aP < 0.05, compared with pre-treatment levels.

NP: Neuropathic pain; NRS: Numeric Rating Scale; Post: Postoperatively; Pre: Preoperatively.

Table 3 Comparison of anxiety and depression emotions, mean ± SD

Group	n	HADS-A		HADS-D
		Pre-1 day	Post-7 days	Pre-1 day	Post-7 days
Observation	50	7.24 ± 2.58	5.19 ± 1.87a	6.82 ± 2.36	4.97 ± 1.65a
Control	50	7.63 ± 2.75	8.34 ± 2.40a	7.15 ± 2.52	8.03 ± 2.04a
t		0.731	7.326	0.676	8.248
P value		0.467	< 0.001	0.501	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05, compared with pre-treatment levels.

HADS-A: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety; HADS-D: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression; Post: Postoperatively; Pre: Preoperatively.

Table 4 Comparison of pain intensity and pain characteristics, mean ± SD

Group	n	Effective number of presses for intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (times/72 hours)	Morphine equivalent (mg)	First time getting out of bed (hours)	Initial venting time (hours)	Quality of Recovery-15	Length of hospital stay (days)
Observation	50	15.24 ± 4.36	24.58 ± 6.81	25.54 ± 2.07	68.24 ± 4.06	128.54 ± 12.35	9.26 ± 1.85
Control	50	22.83 ± 5.67	38.23 ± 9.46	32.06 ± 3.11	76.84 ± 5.19	102.75 ± 14.83	10.54 ± 2.30
t		7.502	8.281	12.348	9.227	9.447	3.069
P value		< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.003

Table 5 Analysis of the moderating effect of neuropathic pain status on intervention outcomes

Predictor variables	β	SD	t	P value
Grouping (observation group/control group)	-1.25	0.18	-6.94	< 0.001
NP status (positive/negative)	0.98	0.21	4.67	< 0.001
Grouping × NP status	-1.05	0.31	-3.39	0.001
Constant term	4.32	0.28	15.43	< 0.001

NP: Neuropathic pain.