Timing of laparoscopic appendectomy and impacts on outcomes: A retrospective study of patients across in-hours, after-hours and holidays

Table 1 Demographic and operative data of patients

	Group 1 (n = 243)		Group 2 (n = 332)		Group 3 (n = 402)		P value
	n (%)	95%CI	n (%)	95%CI	n (%)	95%CI
Sex							0.297
Male	151 (62.1)	(55.9-68)	196 (59)	(53.7-64.2)	225 (56)	(51.1-60.7)
Female	92 (37.9)	(32-44.1)	136 (41)	(35.8-46.3)	177 (44)	(39.3-48.9)
Conversion to open surgery	3 (1.2)	(0.4-3.6)	6 (1.8)	(0.8-3.9)	13 (3.2)	(1.9-5.5)	0.202
Presence of surgical drains	235 (96.7)	(93.6-98.3)	328 (98.8)	(96.9-99.5)	392 (97.5)	(95.5-98.6)	0.229
Intraoperative findings							0.619
Perforated	13 (5.3)	(3.2-8.9)	15 (4.5)	(2.8-7.3)	15 (3.7)	(2.3-6.1)
Non- perforated	230 (94.7)	(91.1-96.9)	317 (95.5)	(92.7-97.2)	387 (96.3)	(93.9-97.7)
	Med (IQR)		Med (IQR)		Med (IQR)
Age1	36 (18-91)	32-38	30 (18-78)	29-33	32 (18-79)	30-34	0.240
Operative time (min)1	45 (35-65)	45-50	45 (31.25-60)	40-50	45 (35-65)	45-50	0.211

¹Data are presented as median (inter quantile range).

CI: Confidence interval: IQR: Inter quantile range.

Table 2 Clinical outcomes of patients

	Group 1 (n = 243)		Group 2 (n = 332)		Group 3 (n = 402)		P value
	n (%)	95%CI	n (%)	95%CI	n (%)	95%CI
Intraoperative complication rate	0 (0)	0-1.6	0 (0)	0-1.1	1 (0.2)	0-1.4	0.489
Post-op complication	5 (2.1)	0.8-4.7	8 (2.4)	1.2-4.7	4 (1.0)	0.4-2.5	0.314
Mortality	0 (0)	0-1.6	0 (0)	0-1.1	0 (0)	0-0.1	1.00
	Med (IQR)		Med (IQR)		Med (IQR)
Time from the admission to surgery (minutes)1	584 (443-752)	557-628	589 (415.5-777.75)	558.5-629	535 (373-719.25)	502-564.5	0.002
							(1 vs 3:0.010)
							(2 vs 3:0.008)
							(1 vs 2: 1.00)
Length of hospital stay (day)1	2 (1-3)	1.0-2.0	1 (1-2)	1.0-1.0	1 (1-2)	1.0-1.0	< 0.001
							1 vs 2: < 0.001)
							(1 vs 3: < 0.001)
							(2 vs 3: 1.00)

¹Data are presented as median (inter quantile range).

CI: Confidence interval: IQR: Inter quantile range.

Table 3 Postoperative complications, n (%)

	Group 1 (n = 243)	Group 2 (n = 332)	Group 3 (n = 402)	P value
Intra-abdominal abscess	3 (1.2)	6 (0.18)	1 (0.02)
Hemorrhage	1 (0.04)	0	1 (0.02)
Post-op ileus	1 (0.04)	1 (0.03)	1 (0.02)
SSI (subcutaneous)	0	1 (0.03)	1 (0.02)
Total	5 (2)	8 (0.24)	4 (0.08)	0.314

SSI: Surgical site infection.

Table 4 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors associated with postoperative complications

Variable	OR (95%CI)	P value
Group (ref: Group 1)
Group 2	1.209 (0.379-3.858)	0.748
Group 3	0.516 (0.133-2.009)	0.340
Age	0.970 (0.931-1.010)	0.137
Gender (ref: Male)
Female	0.860 (0.299-2.476)	0.780
Time from the admission to surgery (min)	1.000 (0.999-1.001)	0.502
Operative time	1.010 (0.993-1.028)	0.253
Intraoperative findings (ref: Non-perforated)
Perforated	6.022 (1.566-23.155)	0.009