Evaluating Glasgow-Blatchford score for fast-track emergency management of patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Table 1 Baseline and indicator comparison, n (%)

Category of factors	Moderate-risk group			High-risk group
	Control (n = 37)	Fast track (n = 25)	P value	Control (n = 26)	Fast track (n = 36)	P value
Population traits
Age (mean ± SD)	56 ± 19	56 ± 22	0.899	58 ± 16	63 ± 12	0.201
Gender (male)	31 (83.8)	20 (80.0)	0.965	21 (80.8)	29 (80.1)	0.983
GBS [M (P25, P75)]	9 (8, 10)	9 (9, 11)	0.633	13 (12, 14)	13 (12, 14)	0.583
Onset time [M (P25, P75), hour]	13 (7, 48)	12 (5, 48)	0.604	24 (9, 72)	24 (7, 78)	0.937
Underlying diseases (yes)	15 (40.5)	11 (44.0)	0.787	17 (65.4)	21 (58.3)	0.574
Gastroscopy diagnosis (esophageal and gastric varices)	6 (18.1)	3 (14.3)	0.924	9 (34.6)	5 (13.9)	0.054
Analysis parameters
Emergency resuscitation room stay time [M (P25, P75), minute]	63 (37, 94)	57 (43, 75)	0.275	58.5 (42, 81)	48 (33, 71)	0.070
Door-to-endoscopy time [M (P25, P75), minute]	19 (12, 26)	21 (14, 30)	0.509	21.5 (11, 40)	13.5 (9, 22)	0.013a
Total blood transfusion, [M (P25, P75), unit]	0 (0, 4)	1 (0, 3)	0.841	6.75 (4, 14.5)	3 (2, 5)	0.001a
Treatment outcome (death)	0 (0.0)	1 (4.8)	0.403	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	/
Hospitalization duration [M (P25, P75), day]	6 (5, 7)	7 (5, 8)	0.552	7.5 (4, 10)	7.5 (6, 10)	0.226
ICU length of stay [M (P25, P75), day]	0 (0, 0)	0 (0, 0)	0.897	0 (0, 2)	0 (0, 1)	0.630
Gastroenterology department length of stay [M (P25, P75), day]	6 (5, 7)	7 (5, 8)	0.155	6 (4, 10)	7 (6, 9)	0.130
Hospitalization costs [M (P25, P75), USD]	1239.80 (829.11)	1102.66 (815.27)	0.460	2812.44 (1513.97)	1570.26 (1159.86)	0.0461
Endoscopic therapy1 (yes)	11 (29.7)	9 (36.0)	0.604	13 (50.0)	14 (38.9)	0.384

^aP < 0.05.

¹Endoscopic therapy mainly includes methods such as spraying, flushing, injecting hemostatic drugs, clamping, titanium clips, band ligation, thermal coagulation, electrocoagulation, etc.[12].

GBS: Glasgow-Blatchford score; ICU: Intensive care unit; USD: United States dollar.

Table 2 Multiple linear regression results

Indicators		Standardized coefficient			Correlation test			Collinearity
		Beta	T	Sig.	Zeroth	Partial	Semipartial	Tolerances	VIF
Moderate-risk	Const of function		2.604	0.012
	Fast track grouping	-0.084	-2.142	0.037	-0.166	-0.280	-0.081	0.924	1.083
	Age	0.067	1.687	0.097	0.265	0.224	0.064	0.904	1.106
	Gender	0.009	0.218	0.828	0.200	0.030	0.008	0.786	1.272
	Total blood transfusion	0.471	8.037	0.000	0.859	0.738	0.303	0.413	2.422
	Door-to-endoscopy time	0.008	0.204	0.839	0.260	0.028	0.008	0.853	1.172
	Emergency room stay time	-0.046	-1.181	0.243	0.006	-0.159	-0.044	0.933	1.072
	ICU length of stay	0.546	10.383	0.000	0.886	0.816	0.391	0.513	1.950
High-risk	Const of function		0.077	0.939
	Fast track grouping	-0.076	0.785	0.148	-0.280	0.106	0.051	0.679	1.472
	Age	-0.068	-0.909	0.367	0.004	-0.123	-0.059	0.740	1.351
	Gender	0.101	1.412	0.164	-0.037	0.189	0.091	0.814	1.228
	Total blood transfusion	0.008	0.110	0.912	0.009	0.015	0.007	0.889	1.125
	Door-to-endoscopy time	0.202	2.781	0.007	0.194	0.354	0.180	0.793	1.262
	Emergency room stay time	0.473	6.072	0.000	0.721	0.637	0.392	0.687	1.455
	ICU length of stay	0.562	7.256	0.000	0.740	0.703	0.469	0.695	1.438

ICU: Intensive care unit.