Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Jul 27, 2025; 17(7): 106487
Published online Jul 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i7.106487
Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between the control group and the observation group
Characteristic
Control group (n = 54)
Observation group (n = 26)
χ2/t
P value
Age (mean ± SD, years) 68.85 ± 1.2668.33 ± 1.121.7900.077
GenderMale41 (75.93) 22 (84.62) 0.7920.374
Female13 (24.07) 4 (15.38)
Tumor locationGastric antrum or pylorus39 (72.22) 18 (69.23) 0.3150.753
Stomach body8 (14.81) 3 (11.54)
Gastric fundus or cardia7 (12.97) 5 (19.23)
Clinical stagingPhase II23 (42.59) 16 (61.54) 2.5210.112
Phase III31 (57.41) 10 (38.46)
Surgical scopePartial excision25 (46.30) 17 (65.38) 2.5640.109
Fully cut29 (53.70) 9 (24.62)
Tumor size< 2 cm8 (14.81) 7 (26.92) 0.6720.502
2-5 cm36 (66.67) 14 (53.85)
> 5 cm10 (18.52) 5 (19.23)
Degree of differentiationHigh2 (3.70) 2 (7.69) 0.4550.649
In16 (29.63) 8 (30.77)
Low36 (66.67) 16 (61.54)
SmokeHave23 (42.59) 10 (38.46) 0.1240.725
Without31 (57.41) 16 (61.54)
DrinkHave36 (66.67) 19 (73.08) 0.3360.562
Without18 (33.33) 7 (26.92)
HypertensionHave22 (40.74) 14 (53.85) 1.2180.270
Without32 (59.26) 12 (46.15)
Diabetes mellitusHave17 (31.48) 13 (50.00) 2.5680.109
Without37 (68.52) 13 (50.00)
Table 2 Clinical efficacy
Group
CR
PR
SD
PD
ORR
DCR
Control group (n = 54)11 (20.37) 14 (25.93) 13 (24.07) 16 (29.63) 25 (46.30) 38 (70.37)
Observation group (n = 26)13 (50.00) 9 (34.62) 2 (7.69) 2 (7.69) 22 (84.62) 24 (92.31)
χ2/t----10.6344.844
P value----0.0010.028
Table 3 Comparison of clinical data of patients with different curative effects
Characteristic

Total number of cases (n = 80)
Effective (n = 62)
Invalid (n = 18)
χ2/t
P value
Use Baohe Pingwei powder26 (32.50)24 (38.71)2 (11.11)4.8430.029
Age (mean ± SD, years) 68.51 ± 1.9468.67 ± 2.1368.02 ± 2.041.1500.254
GenderMale63 (78.75) 50 (80.65) 13 (72.22) 0.1950.659
Female17 (21.25) 12 (19.35) 5 (27.78)
Tumor locationGastric antrum or pylorus57 (71.25) 45 (72.58) 12 (66.67) 0.4560.648
Stomach body11 (13.75) 8 (12.90) 3 (16.67)
Gastric fundus or cardia12 (15.00) 9 (14.52) 3 (16.67)
Clinical stagingPhase II39 (48.75) 31 (50.00) 8 (44.44) 0.1720.678
Phase III41 (51.25) 31 (50.00) 10 (55.56)
Surgical scopePartial excision42 (52.50) 33 (53.23) 9 (50.00) 0.0580.809
Fully cut38 (47.50) 29 (46.77) 9 (50.00)
Tumor size< 2 cm15 (18.75) 13 (20.97) 2 (11.11) 2.1720.030
2-5 cm50 (62.50) 41 (66.13) 9 (50.00)
> 5 cm15 (18.75) 8 (12.90) 7 (38.89)
Degree of differentiationHigh4 (5.00) 2 (3.23) 2 (11.11) 2.6750.008
In24 (30.00) 15 (24.19) 9 (50.00)
Low52 (65.00) 45 (72.58) 7 (38.89)
SmokeHave33 (41.25) 27 (43.55) 6 (33.33) 0.6010.438
Without47 (58.75) 35 (56.45) 12 (66.67)
DrinkHave55 (68.75) 44 (70.97) 11 (61.11) 0.6010.427
Without25 (31.25) 18 (29.03) 7 (38.89)
HypertensionHave36 (45.00) 26 (41.94) 10 (55.56) 1.6670.197
Without44 (55.00) 37 (59.68) 7 (38.89)
Diabetes mellitusHave30 (37.50) 24 (38.71)6 (33.33) 0.1720.678
Without50 (62.50) 38 (61.29) 12 (66.67)
CD3+ (mean ± SD, %)Before treatment56.59 ± 1.6757.36 ± 2.3456.84 ± 2.010.08550.395
After treatment37.34 ± 1.5845.67 ± 2.0332.16 ± 1.3526.5210.000
CD4+ (mean ± SD, %)Before treatment39.46 ± 1.2639.15 ± 2.0640.12 ± 2.371.7000.082
After treatment25.64 ± 1.0330.58 ± 1.6421.34 ± 1.4221.6420.000
CA19-9 (mean ± SD, %)Before treatment71.69 ± 2.4571.64 ± 2.4372.87 ± 2.161.9350.057
After treatment36.98 ± 2.0635.69 ± 1.2638.59 ± 2.167.2070.000
CA242 (U/mL)Before treatment44.27 ± 0.2844.17 ± 0.2544.15 ± 0.030.3370.737
After treatment26.31 ± 1.3437.12 ± 2.1312.24 ± 0.1549.2990.000
IL-6 (mean ± SD, ng/mL)Before treatment428.94 ± 2.69429.67 ± 2.16429.32 ± 2.150.6060.546
After treatment317.65 ± 2.36310.84 ± 2.67328.12 ± 2.3724.7510.000
IL-10 (mean ± SD, ng/mL)Before treatment92.84± 1.5292.98 ± 1.7692.48 ± 1.381.1090.271
After treatment234.18 ± 2.6861.08 ± 1.2686.41 ± 1.2874.8240.000
TNF-α (mean ± SD, ng/mL)Before treatment321.23 ± 2.03321.08 ± 0.99321.54 ± 2.311.2370.220
After treatment261.33 ± 2.07220.09 ± 1.28319.26 ± 2.17243.8290.000
Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analysis
Influence factor
Univariate
Multivariate
HR (95%CI)
P value
HR (95%CI)
P value
Tumor size1.354 (1.264-1.469)0.071--
Degree of differentiation1.352 (1.028-1.574)0.0281.282 (1.019-1.408)0.135
CD3+0.726 (0.628-0.881)0.0360.072 (0.011-0.145) 0.026
CD4+0.883 (0.708-0.934)0.0240.424 (0.285-0.662) 0.033
Baohe Pingwei powder0.528 (0.482-0.711)0.0370.233 (0.162-0.378) 0.019
CA19-91.269 (1.112-1.420)0.0441.523 (1.012-1.963)0.007
CA2421.046 (0.823-1.349)0.258--
IL-61.226 (1.022-1.406)0.0162.026 (1.929-2.244)0.016
IL-101.134 (0.698-1.342)0.082--
TNF-α1.308 (0.896-1.653) 0.108--
Table 5 Cox proportional hazards model

Model 1
Model 2
Model 3
HR (95%CI)
P value
HR (95%CI)
P value
HR (95%CI)
P value
Ineffective groupRefRefRef
Effective group0.624 (0.437-0.986)0.0190.727 (0.421-0.833)0.0081.439 (1.208-1.614)0.006
CD3+0.422 (0.309-0.528)0.0260.608 (0.417-0.839)0.0000.619 (0.455-0.808)0.000
CD4+0.122 (0.019-0.321)0.0210.218 (0.107-0.474)0.0440.344 (0.274-0.541) 0.042
CA1991.242 (1.024-1.842) 0.0051.789 (1.424-1.872) 0.0281.678 (1.564-1.971) 0.004
IL-61.341 (1.276-1.452) 0.0381.541 (1.442-1.772) 0.0011.841 (1.652-1.938) 0.000