Anastomotic leak after ileocolic resection for Crohn’s disease: The latest evidence

Table 1 Risk factors of anastomotic leak in Crohn’s disease patients

Ref.	Outcome	Incidence	Risk factors
Neary et al[50]	AL	Primary anastomosis 4.5%; anastomosis plus ileostomy 2.7%	Ileostomy omission, emergency surgery, smoking, inpatient status, wound classification 3 or 4, weight loss, steroid use, and prolonged operative time
Jeganathan et al[62]	AL		Low serum albumin, preoperative abscess, prior abdominal surgery, and steroid use
Yoon et al[63]	Septic complications	7.6%	Use of any immunosuppressive medication
Zager et al[55]	AL	6.5%	Lower mean psoas muscle area
Schweer et al[14]	AL	12.1%	CD
Avellaneda et al[64]	AL	CCD group 5%; ICD group 2.2%	CCD
Dajti et al[65]	IASCs	IASCs 6.6% (AL 3.8%)	Low preoperative serum albumin levels and use and dosage of preoperative oral budesonide
Fichera et al[66]	Anastomotic failure1	1.5%
Lavorini et al[67]	AL	5.2%	Steroids and increased interval between diagnosis and surgery
Yang et al[20]	AL	Primary ICR 2.9%; Redo ICR 3.5%	Extensive adhesiolysis, ileostomy omission, and intraoperative fistula/abscess
Celentano et al[37]	AL	3.7%	ASA grade ≥ 3, presence of perianal disease, and ileocolonic localization of disease

¹Anastomotic failure was defined as radiographic evidence of a leak from the anastomosis or the presence of an intra-abdominal abscess adjacent to the anastomosis. Septic complications: anastomotic leaks and/or abscess.

IASCs: Intra-abdominal septic complications (anastomotic leak, abscesses, and entero-cutaneous fistula); AL: Anastomotic leak; CD: Crohn's disease; CCD: Complicated Crohn's disease; ICD: Uncomplicated inflammatory Crohn's disease; ICR: Ileocolic resection; ASA: American Society of Anaesthesiologists.