Application effect of anticipatory care in postoperative infection and complication management in children with acute appendicitis

Table 1 Comparison of general characteristics between the two patient groups

Characteristic	Intervention group (n = 39)	Control group (n = 39)	χ2/t	P value
Gender			0.710	0.354
Male	18 (46.15)	20 (51.28)
Female	21 (53.85)	19 (48.72)
Age	8.38 ± 1.46	8.56 ± 1.54	-0.529	0.599
Height	135.41 ± 10.11	137.56 ± 11.25	-0.888	0.378
Weight	30.10 ± 4.72	29.65 ± 5.36	0.385	0.701
Body temperature	37.25 ± 0.85	37.05 ± 0.85	1.013	0.314
SBP	112.50 ± 12.10	115.70 ± 11.20	-1.214	0.229
DBP	66.85 ± 8.15	67.25 ± 9.35	-0.201	0.841
Course of disease	13.54 ± 3.51	14.13 ± 4.53	-0.643	0.522

Data are presented as mean ± SD or n (%). Intervention group: Received routine postoperative nursing care and anticipatory nursing care. Control group: Received routine postoperative nursing care; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure.

Table 2 Comparison of length of hospital stay and visual analog scale scores between the two patient groups

	Intervention group (n = 39)	Control group (n = 39)	t	P value
Hospital stay after surgery (hour)	107.03 ± 31.44	155.33 ± 34.52	-6.461	< 0.001
VAS scores
6 h after surgery	4.33 ± 0.66	4.79 ± 0.73	-2.920	0.005
12 h after surgery	3.46 ± 0.60	4.38 ± 0.75	-6.013	< 0.001
24 h after surgery	2.79 ± 0.41	3.64 ± 0.67	-6.743	< 0.001
48 h after surgery	2.23 ± 0.63	3.10 ± 0.55	-6.518	< 0.001
72 h after surgery	1.72 ± 0.72	2.62 ± 0.54	-6.192	< 0.001

Data are presented as mean ± SD. Intervention group: Received routine postoperative nursing care and anticipatory nursing care. Control group: Received routine postoperative nursing care; VAS: Visual analog scale.

Table 3 Comparison of postoperative infection and complication rates between the two patient groups

	Intervention group (n = 39)	Control group (n = 39)	χ2	P value
Nausea and vomiting	4 (10.26)	8 (20.51)
Incision infection	0	3 (7.69)
Intra-abdominal residual infection	2 (5.13)	6 (15.38)
Ileus	0	1 (2.56)
Postoperative infection rate	2 (5.13)	9 (23.08)	5.186	< 0.001
Complication rate	6 (15.38)	18 (46.15)	8.667	< 0.001

Data are presented as n (%). Intervention group: Received routine postoperative nursing care and anticipatory nursing care. Control group: Received routine postoperative nursing care.

Table 4 Comparison of parent satisfaction between the two patient groups

Group	Unsatisfied	Basically satisfied	Satisfied	Satisfaction
Intervention group (n = 39)	3 (7.69)	15 (38.46)	21 (53.85)	36 (92.31)
Control group (n = 39)	8 (20.51)	20 (51.28)	11 (28.21)	28 (79.49)
χ2				5.571
P value				< 0.05

Data are presented as n (%). Intervention group: Received routine postoperative nursing care and anticipatory nursing care. Control group: Received routine postoperative nursing care.

Table 5 Univariate analysis of relevant clinical indexes of postoperative infections and complications

	Non-complication group (n = 54)	Complication group (n = 24)	t/χ2	P value
Age (year)	8.28 ± 2.45	7.83 ± 2.16	0.765	0.447
BMI > 24	4 (7.41)	8 (33.33)	6.703	< 0.001
Body temperature ≥ 37.3 °C	6 (11.11)	11 (45.83)	11.753	< 0.001
Received anticipatory nursing	33 (61.11)	6 (25.00)	8.667	< 0.001
CRP level (mg/L)	38.35 ± 17.45	103.65 ± 42.35	-7.284	< 0.001
NLR	2.27 ± 0.54	3.00 ± 0.78	-4.145	< 0.001
PLR	151.55 ± 11.45	165.85 ± 13.07	-4.872	< 0.001
WBC (× 109/L)	13.55 ± 4.85	18.25 ± 5.36	-3.827	< 0.001

Data are presented as mean ± SD or n (%). Intervention group: Received routine postoperative nursing care and anticipatory nursing care. Control group: Received routine postoperative nursing care; BMI: Body mass index; CRP: C-reactive protein; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio.

Table 6 Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis

Variables	OR	95%CI	P value
BMI > 24	0.771	0.004-150.425	0.923
Body temperature ≥ 37.3 °C	1.997	0.141-28.289	0.609
Received anticipatory care	0.865	0.785-1.028	0.025
CRP level (mg/L)	1.081	1.016-1.150	0.013
NLR	2.305	0.292-18.180	0.428
PLR	1.113	0.973-1.273	0.119
WBC (× 109/L)	1.191	0.950-1.494	0.130

BMI: Body mass index; CRP: C-reactive protein; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.