Association between postoperative feeding patterns and gastrointestinal function reconstruction after congenital intestinal atresia in neonates

Table 1 Difference analysis of basic characteristics between two groups, n (%)

Variables	Total (n = 26)	PN group (n = 13)	EN group (n = 13)	Statistic	P value
Age (hour), mean ± SD	23.46 ± 14.95	21.85 ± 14.15	25.08 ± 16.12	t = -0.54	0.592
Sex				-	1.000
Female	14 (53.85)	7 (53.85)	7 (53.85)
Male	12 (46.15)	6 (46.15)	6 (46.15)
Gestation days (day), mean ± SD	256.00 ± 14.93	253.54 ± 14.76	258.46 ± 15.28	t = -0.84	0.412
Birth weight (kg), mean ± SD	2.87 ± 0.58	2.84 ± 0.58	2.91 ± 0.61	t = -0.31	0.761
Intestinal resection length (cm), mean ± SD	23.14 ± 7.58	23.90 ± 7.62	22.37 ± 7.76	t = 0.51	0.615
CIA location				-	1.000
Ileum	13 (50.00)	7 (53.85)	6 (46.15)
Duodenum	9 (34.62)	4 (30.77)	5 (38.46)
Colon	4 (15.38)	2 (15.38)	2 (15.38)
CIA type				-	1.000
I and II type	11 (42.31)	6 (46.15)	5 (38.46)
III and IV type	15 (57.69)	7 (53.85)	8 (61.54)
Surgical duration				-	0.434
< 2 hours	13 (50.00)	5 (38.46)	8 (61.54)
≥ 2 hours	13 (50.00)	8 (61.54)	5 (38.46)
Abdominal infection				-	1.000
No	17 (65.38)	8 (61.54)	9 (69.23)
Yes	9 (34.62)	5 (38.46)	4 (30.77)

PN: Parenteral nutrition; EN: Enteral nutrition; CIA: Congenital intestinal atresia.

Table 2 The characteristics of the two groups after treatment

Variables	Total (n = 26)	PN group (n = 13)	EN group (n = 13)	Statistic	P value
Discharge weight (kg), mean ± SD	3.33 ± 0.60	3.09 ± 0.56	3.56 ± 0.57	t = -2.13	0.044a
Hospital stays (day), mean ± SD	41.92 ± 14.88	48.23 ± 15.01	35.62 ± 12.24	t = 2.35	0.027a
WBC (109/L), mean ± SD	8.47 ± 1.13	8.96 ± 1.04	7.98 ± 1.02	t = 2.43	0.023a
CRP (μg/mL), mean ± SD	1.11 ± 0.22	1.07 ± 0.21	1.15 ± 0.23	t = -0.88	0.390
HGB (g/L), mean ± SD	108.96 ± 17.57	106.00 ± 14.81	111.92 ± 20.12	t = -0.85	0.401
ALB (IU/L), mean ± SD	32.98 ± 2.78	31.67 ± 3.12	34.29 ± 1.63	t = -2.69	0.013a
DB (μmol/L), mean ± SD	15.89 ± 7.95	19.47 ± 8.14	12.31 ± 6.14	t = 2.53	0.018a

^aP < 0.05.

PN: Parenteral nutrition; EN: Enteral nutrition; WBC: White blood cell; CRP: C-reactive protein; HGB: Hemoglobin; ALB: Albumin; DB: Direct bilirubin.

Table 3 Analysis of postoperative complications in two groups, n (%)

Type	PN group (n = 13)	EN group (n = 13)	P value
Abdominal distension	3 (23.08)	1 (7.69)	0.593
Emesis	2 (15.38)	2 (15.38)	1.000
Incision infection	1 (7.69)	0 (0.00)	1.000
Total	6 (46.15)	3 (23.08)	0.411

PN: Parenteral nutrition; EN: Enteral nutrition.

Table 4 Effect of postoperative gastrointestinal function reconstruction in two groups

Variables	Total (n = 26)	PN group (n = 13)	EN group (n = 13)	Statistic	P value
Time of bowel sound recovery (hour), mean ± SD	58.69 ± 15.11	65.85 ± 13.10	51.54 ± 13.91	t = 2.70	0.013a
Time of first defecation (hour), mean ± SD	67.38 ± 15.45	76.62 ± 12.04	58.15 ± 12.95	t = 3.77	< 0.001a

^aP < 0.05.

PN: Parenteral nutrition; EN: Enteral nutrition.