Single-incision laparoscopic herniorrhaphy needle treatment for pediatric inguinal hernia: Surgical outcome, postoperative complications, and serum inflammation effects

Table 1 Comparison of general data, n (%)

Variable	Observation group (n = 60)	Control group (n = 53)	χ2	P value
Gender			0.022	0.883
Male	32 (52.33)	29 (54.72)
Female	28 (46.67)	24 (45.28)
Age (years)			0.228	0.633
≥ 7	29 (48.33)	28 (52.83)
< 7	31 (51.67)	25 (47.17)
BMI (kg/m2)			0.029	0.864
≥ 18	33 (55.00)	30 (56.60)
< 18	27 (45.00)	23 (43.40)
Disease duration (years)			0.001	0.987
≥ 1	25 (41.67)	22 (41.51)
< 1	35 (53.33)	31 (58.49)
Affected area			0.006	0.939
Left side	31 (51.67)	27 (50.94)
Right side	29 (48.33)	26 (49.06)

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Comparison of surgical indicators

Variable	Observation group (n = 60)	Control group (n = 53)	t	P value
Operation time	27.37 ± 1.03	27.16 ± 1.01	1.091	0.277
Intraoperative blood loss	3.3 ± 0.24	5.31 ± 0.25	43.57	< 0.001
Hospitalization time	2.13 ± 0.34	5.23 ± 0.47	40.49	< 0.001

Table 3 Comparison of adverse reactions, n (%)

Variable	Observation group (n = 60)	Control group (n = 53)	χ2	P value
Wound infection	0	4 (7.55)	-	-
Scrotal edema	2 (3.33)	3 (5.66)	-	-
Scrotal effusion	1 (1.67)	3 (5.66)	-	-
Subcutaneous edema	0	2 (3.77)	-	-
Total incidence	3 (5.00)	12 (22.64)	7.608	0.006

Table 4 Comparison of recurrence and reoperation rates between the two groups of children, n (%)

Variable	Observation group (n = 60)	Control group (n = 53)	χ2	P value
Recurrence	13 (21.67)	22 (41.51)	5.183	0.022
Second surgery	8 (13.33)	17 (32.08)	5.737	0.017

Table 5 Univariate analysis, n (%)

Variable		Good prognosis group (n = 78)	Poor prognosis group (n = 35)	χ2	P value
Gender				0.739	0.390
	Male (n = 61)	40 (51.28)	21(60.00)
	Female (n = 52)	38 (48.72)	14 (40.00)
Age (years)				0.911	0.340
	≥ 7 (n = 57)	37 (47.44)	20 (57.14)
	< 7 (n = 56)	41 (52.56)	15 (42.86)
BMI (kg/m2)				0.371	0.543
	≥ 18 (n = 63)	42 (53.85)	21 (60.00)
	< 18 (n = 50)	36 (46.15)	14 (40.00)
Disease duration (years)				0.033	0.855
	≥ 1 (n = 47)	32 (41.03)	15 (42.86)
	< 1 (n = 66)	46 (58.97)	20 (57.14)
Stress response index
	CRP	11.48 ± 2.54	13.6 ± 2.47	4.137	< 0.001
	WBC	10.00 ± 1.45	11.47 ± 1.25	5.191	< 0.001
Surgical plan				5.183	0.023
	Two-port laparoscopic hernia needle (n = 53)	31 (39.74)	22 (62.86)
	Single-port laparoscopic hernia needle (n = 60)	47 (60.26)	13 (37.14)

CRP: C-reactive protein, WBC: White blood cell; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 6 Multivariate analysis

Variable	β	SE	Wals	P value	Exp(B)	95%CI
						Lower limit	Upper limit
CRP	0.244	0.099	6.040	0.014	1.277	1.051	1.551
WBC	0.705	0.195	12.123	0.000	2.024	1.382	2.964
Surgical plan	-1.923	0.543	12.541	0.000	0.146	0.050	10.424

CRP: C-reactive protein, WBC: White blood cell.