Modified Pingwei Baohe decoction improves postoperative recovery in gastric cancer patients

Table 1 Between-group comparisons of laboratory parameters (mean ± SD, ng/L)

Group		Observation group (n = 28)	Control group (n = 27)	t value	P value
IL-6	Before intervention	35.18 ± 9.67	35.72 ± 9.43	0.100	0.835
	After intervention	9.81 ± 2.19a	32.35 ± 9.91a	11.745	0.000
IL-4	Before intervention	6.58 ± 0.31	6.63 ± 0.08	0.812	0.420
	After intervention	0.74 ± 0.06a	4.02 ± 0.74a	23.383	0.000
IL-2	Before intervention	4.25 ± 0.82	4.53 ± 0.67	1.384	0.172
	After intervention	0.55 ± 0.13a	1.96 ± 0.21a	30.060	0.000
IL-17A	Before intervention	10.29 ± 0.56	10.34 ± 0.23	0.430	0.669
	After intervention	3.25 ± 1.03a	8.15 ± 0.84a	19.294	0.000
IFN-γ	Before intervention	5.36 ± 0.49	5.51 ± 0.73	0.898	0.373
	After intervention	0.69 ± 0.17a	2.58 ± 0.28a	30.385	0.000
TNF-α	Before intervention	3.07 ± 0.51	3.24 ± 0.18	1.636	0.108
	After intervention	1.71 ± 0.42a	2.73 ± 0.33a	9.990	0.000
IL-10	Before intervention	6.37 ± 0.25	6.51 ± 0.79	0.893	0.376
	After intervention	1.31 ± 0.32a	3.59 ± 0.91a	12.458	0.000

^aP < 0.05 vs before intervention.

Table 2 Within-group comparisons of cytokine levels (mean ± SD, ng/L)

Group	Cytokine	Before intervention	After intervention	t value	P value
Observation group (n = 28)	IL-6	35.18 ± 9.67	9.81 ± 2.19	13.540	0.000
	IL-4	6.58 ± 0.31	0.74 ± 0.06	97.869	0.000
	IL-2	4.25 ± 0.82	0.55 ± 0.13	23.582	0.000
	IL-17A	10.29 ± 0.56	3.25 ± 1.03	31.775	0.000
	IFN-γ	5.36 ± 0.49	0.69 ± 0.17	47.645	0.000
	TNF-α	3.07 ± 0.51	1.71 ± 0.42	10.893	0.000
	IL-10	6.37 ± 0.25	1.31 ± 0.32	65.934	0.000
Control group (n = 27)	IL-6	35.72 ± 9.43	32.35 ± 9.91	1.280	0.206
	IL-4	6.63 ± 0.08	4.02 ± 0.74	18.221	0.000
	IL-2	4.53 ± 0.67	1.96 ± 0.21	19.019	0.000
	IL-17A	10.34 ± 0.23	8.15 ± 0.84	13.066	0.000
	IFN-γ	5.51 ± 0.73	2.58 ± 0.28	19.473	0.000
	TNF-α	3.24 ± 0.18	2.73 ± 0.33	7.050	0.000
	IL-10	6.51 ± 0.79	3.59 ± 0.91	12.591	0.000

Table 3 Between-group comparisons of nutritional status

Group			Observation group (n = 28)	Control group (n = 27)	χ2/t	P value
CONUT, n (%)	Before intervention	> 2 points	15 (53.57)	21 (77.78)	3.562	0.059
		≤ 2 points	13 (46.43)	6 (22.22)
	After intervention	> 2 points	3 (10.71)	18 (66.67)	18.232	0.000
		≤ 2 points	25 (89.29)	9 (33.33)
PA (mean ± SD, mg/L)		Before intervention	265.28 ± 52.31	265.74 ± 52.86	0.032	0.974
		After intervention	141.56 ± 37.38a	260.97 ± 61.84a	8.703	0.000

^aP < 0.05 vs before intervention.

PA: Prealbumin.

Table 4 Within-group comparisons of nutritional status

Group	Indicator	Before intervention	After intervention	t/χ2	P value
Observation group (n = 28)	CONUT > 2, n (%)	15 (53.57)	3 (10.71)	11.790	< 0.001
	PA (mean ± SD, mg/L)	265.28 ± 52.31	141.56 ± 37.38a	10.183	< 0.001
Control group (n = 27)	CONUT > 2, n (%)	21 (77.78)	18 (66.67)	0.831	0.362
	PA (mean ± SD, mg/L)	265.74 ± 52.86	260.97 ± 61.84a	0.310	0.758

^aP < 0.05 vs before intervention.

PA: Prealbumin.

Table 5 Comparison of gastrointestinal function recovery time (mean ± SD)

Group	Exhaust time (hour)	Recovery time of bowel sounds (day)	Improvement time of abdominal distension (day)
Observation group (n = 28)	31.97 ± 4.35	2.84 ± 0.57	3.37 ± 0.43
Control group (n = 27)	45.71 ± 4.78	3.81 ± 0.68	4.31 ± 0.56
t value	11.157	5.741	6.998
P value	0.000	0.000	0.000