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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Nov 27, 2025; 17(11): 109002
Published online Nov 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i11.109002
Published online Nov 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i11.109002
Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics, mean ± SD
| Characteristic | Observation group (n = 52) | Control group (n = 48) | P value |
| Age (years) | 55 ± 3.5 | 54 ± 3.8 | > 0.05 |
| Gender (male/female) | 30/22 | 28/20 | > 0.05 |
| Antrum | 25 | 24 | > 0.05 |
| Body | 15 | 16 | > 0.05 |
| Fundus | 10 | 10 | > 0.05 |
| Tumor size (cm) | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | > 0.05 |
| Body mass index | 23.5 ± 2.1 | 23.8 ± 2.3 | > 0.05 |
| None | 40 | 38 | > 0.05 |
| Present | 12 | 10 | > 0.05 |
| Well-differentiated adenocarcinoma | 15 | 14 | > 0.05 |
| Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma | 20 | 22 | > 0.05 |
| Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma | 15 | 14 | > 0.05 |
| Tumor depth (mucosa/submucosa) | 26/26 | 24/24 | > 0.05 |
| Lymph node metastasis (yes/no) | 10/42 | 12/36 | > 0.05 |
| Smoking history (yes/no) | 20/32 | 18/30 | > 0.05 |
| Alcohol consumption (yes/no) | 15/37 | 14/34 | > 0.05 |
| Family history of cancer (yes/no) | 10/42 | 12/36 | > 0.05 |
| Helicobacter pylori infection (positive/negative) | 18/34 | 16/32 | > 0.05 |
| Chronic gastritis (yes/no) | 22/30 | 20/28 | > 0.05 |
| Previous endoscopic history (yes/no) | 25/27 | 23/25 | > 0.05 |
| Diabetes mellitus (yes/no) | 5/47 | 4/44 | > 0.05 |
| Hypertension (yes/no) | 10/42 | 12/36 | > 0.05 |
Table 2 Comparison of operation times, mean ± SD/%
| Characteristic | Observation group (n = 52) | Control group (n = 48) | P value |
| Operation time (minutes) | 120 ± 10 | 115 ± 12 | > 0.05 |
| Intraoperative blood loss (mL) | 80 ± 15 | 120 ± 20 | < 0.05 |
| Number of lymph nodes dissected | 28 ± 4 | 22 ± 3 | < 0.05 |
| Postoperative hospital stays (days) | 7 ± 1 | 8 ± 1 | < 0.05 |
| Time to flatus after surgery (hours) | 48 ± 6 | 60 ± 8 | < 0.05 |
| Time to first meal after surgery (hours) | 72 ± 10 | 96 ± 12 | < 0.05 |
| Postoperative pain score (VAS) | 3 ± 1 | 5 ± 1 | < 0.05 |
| Incidence of postoperative complications | 8 | 16 | < 0.05 |
| 1-year survival rate | 96 | 92 | > 0.05 |
| 3-year survival rate | 88 | 78 | < 0.05 |
| 5-year survival rate | 82 | 70 | < 0.05 |
| Recurrence rate | 10 | 20 | < 0.05 |
Table 3 Comparison of surgical and postoperative outcomes, mean ± SD/%
| Characteristic | Observation group (n = 52) | Control group (n = 48) | P value |
| Intraoperative blood loss (mL) | 80 ± 15 | 120 ± 20 | < 0.05 |
| Operation time (minutes) | 120 ± 10 | 115 ± 12 | > 0.05 |
| Number of lymph nodes dissected | 28 ± 4 | 22 ± 3 | < 0.05 |
| Postoperative hospital stays (days) | 7 ± 1 | 8 ± 1 | < 0.05 |
| Time to flatus after surgery (hours) | 48 ± 6 | 60 ± 8 | < 0.05 |
| Time to first meal after surgery (hours) | 72 ± 10 | 96 ± 12 | < 0.05 |
| Postoperative pain score (VAS) | 3 ± 1 | 5 ± 1 | < 0.05 |
| Incidence of postoperative complications | 8 | 16 | < 0.05 |
| 1-year survival rate | 96 | 92 | > 0.05 |
Table 4 Comparison of postoperative complications and related outcomes,%
| Item | Observation group (n = 52) | Control group (n = 48) | P value |
| Total postoperative complications | 8 (4/50) | 16 (8/50) | < 0.05 |
| Postoperative infection | 4 (2/50) | 10 (5/50) | < 0.05 |
| Wound infection | 2 (1/50) | 6 (3/50) | < 0.05 |
| Pulmonary infection | 2 (1/50) | 4 (2/50) | > 0.05 |
| Urinary tract infection | 0 (0/50) | 2 (1/50) | > 0.05 |
| Postoperative bleeding | 2 (1/50) | 6 (3/50) | < 0.05 |
| Minor bleeding | 2 (1/50) | 4 (2/50) | > 0.05 |
| Major bleeding | 0 (0/50) | 2 (1/50) | > 0.05 |
| Anastomotic leakage | 2 (1/50) | 4 (2/50) | > 0.05 |
| Postoperative pain (VAS), mean ± SD | 3 ± 1 | 5 ± 1 | < 0.05 |
| Postoperative nausea and vomiting | 2 (1/50) | 6 (3/50) | > 0.05 |
| Postoperative ileus | 0 (0/50) | 2 (1/50) | > 0.05 |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 0 (0/50) | 2 (1/50) | > 0.05 |
| Other complications | 2 (1/50) | 4 (2/50) | > 0.05 |
- Citation: Chen SY, Hu M, Feng ZB, Xu Q, Wang Y. Application of ultrasound-guided localization technology in early gastric cancer surgery and prognostic analysis. World J Gastrointest Surg 2025; 17(11): 109002
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v17/i11/109002.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v17.i11.109002