Establishment of predictive models and determinants of preoperative gastric retention in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Table 1 Comparison of general data between the validation and modeling groups

General information		The validation groups (n = 38)	The modeling groups (n = 152)	t/χ2	P value
Age (years)		60.83 ± 12.16	61.52 ± 11.85	0.319	0.750
Gender	Male	16	92	4.205	0.122
	Female	22	60
BMI (kg/m2)		21.16 ± 2.46	21.37 ± 2.11	0.530	0.597
Primary disease	Malignant biliary and pancreatic tumors	20	77	0.047	0.977
	Other biliary diseases	18	75
Hypertension	Yes	8	35	0.068	0.967
	No	30	117
Diabetes	Yes	7	30	0.034	0.983
	No	31	122
Jaundice	Yes	12	62	1.085	0.581
	No	26	90
Opioid use	Yes	13	55	0.051	0.975
	No	25	97
Gastrointestinal obstruction	Yes	15	58	0.022	0.989
	No	23	94

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Univariate analysis of factors influencing preoperative gastric retention in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography patients

General information		The gastric retention group (n = 52)	Non-gastric retention group (n = 100)	t/χ2	P value
Age (years)		60.55 ± 10.16	60.50 ± 10.45	0.028	0.978
Gender	Male	17	75	25.631	< 0.001
	Female	35	25
BMI (kg/m2)		21.39 ± 2.22	21.35 ± 2.14	0.108	0.914
Primary disease	Malignant biliary and pancreatic tumors	39	38	18.741	< 0.001
	Other biliary diseases	13	62
Hypertension	Yes	15	20	1.510	0.470
	No	37	80
Diabetes	Yes	8	22	0.945	0.623
	No	44	78
Jaundice	Yes	32	30	14.090	0.001
	No	20	70
Opioid use	Yes	28	27	10.680	0.005
	No	24	73
Gastrointestinal obstruction	Yes	27	31	6.347	0.042
	No	25	69

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 3 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors influencing preoperative gastric retention in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography patients

Risk factors	β	SE	Ward	OR	95%CI	P value
Gender	0.883	0.361	5.988	2.419	1.192-4.908	< 0.001
Primary disease	1.199	0.385	9.695	3.316	1.559-7.052	< 0.001
Jaundice	1.072	0.372	8.303	2.921	1.409-6.056	< 0.001
Opioid use	1.152	0.401	8.251	3.164	1.442-6.943	< 0.001
Gastrointestinal obstruction	1.242	0.412	9.085	3.462	1.544-7.763	< 0.001