Unexpected right-sided sigmoid colon in laparoscopy: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 Comprehensive literature review focused on the right-sided sigmoid colon¹

Discovery method	Sex	Age	Original disease	Surgical procedure	Anatomical relationship	Ref.
Autopsy	Male	Elderly	None	None	2	[13]
Autopsy	Male	60	None	None	1	[14]
Autopsy	Male	Elderly	None	None	3	[15]
Autopsy	Male	55	None	None	7	[16]
Autopsy	Male	Elderly	None	None	4	[17]
Autopsy	Male		None	None	3	[18]
Autopsy	Male	Adult	None	None	5	[19]
Autopsy	Male	Adult	None	None	4	[20]
Autopsy	Male	40	None	None	4	[21]
Autopsy	Male	Adult	None	None	4	[22]
Autopsy	Male		None	None	1	[23]
Autopsy	Female	60	None	None	5	[24]
Autopsy	Male		None	None	3	[25]
Autopsy	Male	50	None	None	7	[26]
Autopsy	Male	70	None	None	3	[27]
Autopsy	Male		None	None	5	[28]
Autopsy	Male	45	None	None	7	[29]
Autopsy	Male	53	None	None	2	[30]
Autopsy	Male		None	None	1	[31]
Autopsy	Male		None	None	1	[31]
Autopsy	Male	45	None	None	7	[32]
Autopsy	Male	Elderly	None	None	7	[33]
Autopsy	Male	Elderly	None	None	7	[33]
Abdominal pain	Male	34	Appendicitis	Appendectomy	6	[34]
Abdominal pain	Male	44	Appendicitis	Appendectomy	6	[35]
Abdominal pain	Male	19	Appendicitis	Appendectomy	5	[36]
Abdominal pain	Male	20	Appendicitis	Appendectomy	4	[37]
Abdominal pain	Male	56	Sigmoid colon cancer	Radical surgery for sigmoid colon cancer	3	[3]
Abdominal pain	Male	62	None	None	6	[38]
Physical exam	Female	30	None	None	7	[39]
Physical exam	Male	53	None	None	4	[40]
Rectal bleeding	Male	74	Rectal cancer	Laparoscopic radical rectal cancer surgery	3	[41]
Rectal bleeding	Male	Elderly	Rectal cancer	Abdomino-perineal resection for rectal cancer + sigmoidostomy	3	[5]
Constipation	Female	83	Pelvic organ prolapse	Laparoscopic sacral colpopexy	4	[6]

¹The right-sided sigmoid colon is attached to the right iliac fossa and is positioned inferior to the cecum. The descending-sigmoid junction is located within the left iliac fossa. The right-sided sigmoid colon is anchored superior to the right iliac fossa, positioned beneath the elevated cecum. The descending-sigmoid junction is also situated within the left iliac fossa. The right-sided sigmoid colon, located superior to the right iliac fossa, is positioned posterior-lateral to the cecum. The descending-sigmoid junction is unattached and mobile. The right-sided sigmoid colon is attached to the medial aspect of the cecum and is positioned anterior-medial to it. The descending-sigmoid junction is unattached and mobile. The right-sided sigmoid colon is attached superior to the right iliac fossa and is positioned beneath the elevated cecum. The descending-sigmoid junction is unattached and mobile. The right-sided sigmoid colon is attached to the medial aspect of the cecum and is positioned anterior-medial to it. The descending-sigmoid junction is located within the left iliac fossa. The right-sided sigmoid colon is attached superior to the right iliac fossa and is located posterior-lateral to the cecum. The descending-sigmoid junction is also situated within the left iliac fossa.