Self-made double-lumen jejunal tube for bile reinfusion and enteral nutrition after percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage

Figure 1 Hospital stay duration comparison. Mean hospital stay duration (days) in observation group (n = 60) vs control group (n = 60). The observation group demonstrated significantly shorter total hospital stay (10.2 days vs 14.5 days), postoperative stay (9.5 days vs 13.8 days), and intensive care unit stay (1.2 days vs 2.5 days) compared to controls (all P < 0.05). Data represent mean values with error bars indicating standard deviation. ICU: Intensive care unit.

Figure 2 Patient satisfaction scores at discharge. Comparison of mean satisfaction scores (0-10 scale) between observation group (n = 60) and control group (n = 60) across four domains: Overall satisfaction, nutritional support, comfort level, and pain management. The observation group showed significantly higher satisfaction in all domains (8.5 vs 6.3, 8.8 vs 6.5, 8.6 vs 6.4, and 8.1 vs 5.8, respectively; all P < 0.001), indicating superior patient experience with the double-lumen jejunal nutrition tube approach. Values are mean ± SD.

Figure 3 Forest plot showing adjusted odds ratios for factors associated with treatment success. The plot displays three variables and their relationship with treatment outcomes. Bile reinfusion [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 9.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.31-38.67, P = 0.002] and prealbumin per 10 mg/dL increase (aOR = 1.02, 95%CI: 1.00-1.04, P = 0.043) were associated with favorable treatment success (shown in blue), while having ≥ 3 comorbidities (aOR = 0.23, 95%CI: 0.06-0.88, P = 0.032) was associated with unfavorable treatment success (shown in orange). The x-axis presents adjusted ORs on a logarithmic scale, with the vertical dashed line at 1.0 representing no effect. Error bars indicate 95%CIs. aOR: Adjusted odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.