©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Feb 27, 2026; 18(2): 114997
Published online Feb 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.114997
Published online Feb 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.114997
Figure 1 Schematic view of normal liver acinus.
Figure 2 Ischemic preconditioning, remote ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning.
IP: Ischemic preconditioning.
Figure 3 Remote organ damage during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury and protective effect of ischemic preconditioning.
HIRI: Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury; IP: Ischemic preconditioning; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; XOD: Xanthine oxidase; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor α; STAT5: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5; NO: Nitric oxide; SIgA: Secretory immunoglobulin A; IL-1β: Interleukin 1β; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; CK-MB: Creatine kinase-MB; Akt: Protein kinase B.
- Citation: Mouratidou C, Pavlidis ET, Katsanos G, Kotoulas SC, Kofinas A, Marneri AG, Massa E, Tsoulfas G, Galanis IN, Pavlidis TE. Protective effect of ischemic preconditioning against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury and associated remote organ damage. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(2): 114997
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v18/i2/114997.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v18.i2.114997