Targeting obesity and lipid metabolism profiles to prevent perianal abscesses: A case-control study and Mendelian randomization analysis

Figure 1 Schematic overview of the study design. BMI: Body mass index; CHO: Cholesterol; GA: Glycated albumin; GLU: Glucose; GWAS: Genome-wide association study; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MR: Mendelian randomization; PA: Perianal abscess; SNP: Single nucleotide polymorphism; TG: Triglycerides; UA: Uric acid; WHR: Waist-to-hip ratio; WHtR: Waist-to-height ratio.

Figure 2 Mantel test and logistic regression analysis of exposure factors and perianal abscess outcomes. A: Mantel test. Mantel P value: P value; Mantel r: Mantel correlation coefficient; Spearman r: Spearman correlation coefficient. Not significant: P > 0.05. Outcome diagnosis, diagnosed with perianal abscess; outcome number, number of abscesses; outcome location, location of abscesses. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001; B: Logistic regression analysis. Adjusted OR: Odds ratio value of the logistic regression model with sex and age; Adjusted P value: P value of the logistic regression model with sex and age; BMI: Body mass index; CHO: Cholesterol; Crude OR: Odds ratio value of the logistic regression model without sex and age; Crude P value: P value of the logistic regression model without sex and age; GA: Glycated albumin; GLU: Glucose; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; OR: Odds ratio; TG: Triglycerides; UA: Uric acid; WHR: Waist-to-hip ratio; WHtR: Waist-to-height ratio.

Figure 3 Subgroup analysis of exposure factors and perianal abscess outcomes according to age and sex. A: Subgroup analysis according to age; B: Subgroup analysis according to sex. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Adjusted OR: Odds ratio value of the logistic regression model with sex and age; Adjusted P value: P value of the logistic regression model with sex and age; BMI: Body mass index; CHO: Cholesterol; Crude OR: Odds ratio value of the logistic regression model without sex and age; Crude P value: P value of the logistic regression model without sex and age; GA: Glycated albumin; GLU: Glucose; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: Triglycerides; UA: Uric acid; WHR: Waist-to-hip ratio; WHtR: Waist-to-height ratio.

Figure 4 Association between various influencing factors and the perianal abscess risk based on the results of the two-sample mendelian randomization. Data are expressed as the odds ratio (OR) with the 95%CI (error line). OR > 1.00 indicates that the exposure factor increases the perianal abscess risk. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. BMI: Body mass index; CHO: Cholesterol; GA: Glycated albumin; GLU: Glucose; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; nSNP: Number of single nucleotide polymorphisms; OR: Odds ratio; TG: Triglycerides; UA: Uric acid; WHR: Waist-to-hip ratio.