Outcomes of robotic liver resection and intraoperative radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma in posterior segments VII and VIII

Figure 1 Flow of study participants. CSMUH: Chung Shan Medical University Hospital; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; R-LR: Robotic liver resection; RIO-RFA: Robotic intraoperative radiofrequency ablation; CCC: Cholangiocarcinoma.

Figure 2 The flowchart of the analytical procedure. R-LR: Robotic liver resection; RIO-RFA: Robotic intraoperative radiofrequency ablation; PS: Propensity score; OS: Overall survival; RFS: Recurrence-free survival.

Figure 3 Kaplan-Meier survival curves for overall survival (blue and orange lines) and recurrence-free survival (light blue and light orange lines). A-D: In the de novo group, before and after propensity score matching. Overall survival (OS) before propensity score (PS) matching (A); RFS before PS matching (B); OS after PS matching (C); RFS after PS matching (D); E-H: In first recurrence group, before and after PS matching. OS before PS matching (E); RFS before PS matching (F); OS after PS matching (G); RFS after PS matching (H). R-LR: Robotic liver resection; RIO-RFA: Robotic intraoperative radiofrequency ablation.

Figure 4 Subgroup analysis of overall survival. A-C: Within the robotic liver resection group in the de novo group prior to propensity score matching. Patients were stratified into high-risk and low-risk groups based on gender, major tumor size, and aggregate tumor size - variables identified as significantly associated with survival outcomes; D and E: Within the robotic intraoperative radiofrequency ablation group in first recurrence group after propensity score matching. Patients were stratified into high-risk and low-risk groups based on aggregate tumor size and complication or not - variables identified as significantly associated with survival outcomes. OS: Overall survival; RFS: Recurrence-free survival; R-LR: Robotic liver resection; RIO-RFA: Robotic intraoperative radiofrequency ablation.

Figure 5 Subgroup analysis of recurrence-free survival. A and B: Within the robotic liver resection group in the de novo group prior to propensity score matching. Patients were stratified into high-risk and low-risk groups based on platelet count and prothrombin time - variables identified as significantly associated with survival outcomes; C-E: Within the robotic intraoperative radiofrequency ablation group in first recurrence group after propensity score matching. Patients were stratified into high-risk and low-risk groups based on platelet count, operation time and complication or not - variables identified as significantly associated with survival outcomes. RFS: Recurrence-free survival; R-LR: Robotic liver resection; RIO-RFA: Robotic intraoperative radiofrequency ablation; OP: Operative procedure.