Unexpected right-sided sigmoid colon in laparoscopy: A case report and review of literature

Figure 1 Computed tomography. The right sigmoid colon in the white circle and box areas, with the white arrowhead indicating the cecum located in front.

Figure 2 Surgical findings. A: The left descending colon continued to cross the mid-abdomen at the level of the left iliac crest, where the sigmoid colon appeared; B and C: The sigmoid colon traversed behind the cecum, making a flip behind the ascending colon and continued downwards along the right colonic lateral sulcus; D: The mesentery of the sigmoid colon fused with the lateral parietal peritoneum.

Figure 3 A double-contrast barium enema examination. The Right-sided Sigmoid Colon.

Figure 4 Variation categories in the right-sided sigmoid colon.