Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Jul 27, 2026; 18(7): 120727
Published online Jul 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i7.120727
Published online Jul 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i7.120727
Individualized enhanced recovery after pancreaticoduodenectomy surgical pathways management: Key variables and optimization strategies
Peng-Cheng Cai, Chao Luo, Jian-Ping Liu, Department of General Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Shuangliu District, Chengdu 610200, Sichuan Province, China
Author contributions: Cai PC contributed to conceptualization, literature search, data curation, original draft writing and visualization; Luo C participated in literature review, data analysis, manuscript revision and validation; Liu JP was responsible for conceptualization, supervision, project administration, manuscript revision, funding acquisition and correspondence. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
AI contribution statement: During the writing process of this article, the author only used AI tools (DeepSeek) to polish the language and text, optimize expression fluency. AI tools did not participate in any analysis of research content, derivation and formation of research conclusions. All output content generated by AI has been strictly reviewed, modified and finally confirmed by all authors, who bear full responsibility for the entire content of the article.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Corresponding author: Jian-Ping Liu, Associate Chief Physician, Department of General Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Shuangliu District, No. 120 North City Street, Dong
Received: April 8, 2026
Revised: May 6, 2026
Accepted: May 26, 2026
Published online: July 27, 2026
Processing time: 110 Days and 4.3 Hours
Revised: May 6, 2026
Accepted: May 26, 2026
Published online: July 27, 2026
Processing time: 110 Days and 4.3 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This review systematically examines key variables influencing individualized enhanced recovery after pancreaticoduodenectomy, encompassing patient-level factors, disease/surgical characteristics, and perioperative interventions. It proposes a stratified, dynamic optimization strategy for each surgical stage. This patient-tailored approach, prioritizing safety and precision, aims to enhance recovery after pancreaticoduodenectomy compliance, reduce mild complications, and improve postoperative outcomes, moving beyond standardized “one-size-fits-all” protocols.