Zhou CY, Chen JY, Wang D, Zhu S, Luo HC. Patterns and risk factors of early recurrence after radical resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(1): 113518 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i1.113518]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Hong-Chang Luo, MD, Associate Chief Physician, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China. hongchangluo@qq.com
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Retrospective Study
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This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Jan 27, 2026 (publication date) through Jan 28, 2026
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Publication Name
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
ISSN
1948-9366
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA
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Zhou CY, Chen JY, Wang D, Zhu S, Luo HC. Patterns and risk factors of early recurrence after radical resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. World J Gastrointest Surg 2026; 18(1): 113518 [DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i1.113518]
World J Gastrointest Surg. Jan 27, 2026; 18(1): 113518 Published online Jan 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v18.i1.113518
Patterns and risk factors of early recurrence after radical resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Chen-Yang Zhou, Jing-Yuan Chen, Dan Wang, Shu Zhu, Hong-Chang Luo
Chen-Yang Zhou, Jing-Yuan Chen, Dan Wang, Shu Zhu, Hong-Chang Luo, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
Author contributions: Zhou CY, Chen JY, and Wang D designed the research study, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript; Zhou CY, Chen JY, Wang D, and Zhu S performed the research; Luo HC contributed new analytic tools and provided critical revisions. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved and reviewed by the Ethics Committee of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. TJ-IRB20161201.
Informed consent statement: Owing to the retrospective nature of the study, the requirement for informed consent was waived.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Hong-Chang Luo, MD, Associate Chief Physician, Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China. hongchangluo@qq.com
Received: September 16, 2025 Revised: October 20, 2025 Accepted: November 28, 2025 Published online: January 27, 2026 Processing time: 127 Days and 1.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma demonstrates substantial susceptibility to early postoperative recurrence, which profoundly compromises clinical prognosis. Within this extensive retrospective investigation involving 386 participants, 46.1% manifested early disease recurrence during the initial 12 postoperative months, exhibiting a median overall survival duration of merely 18.5 months. Six autonomous predictive indicators were determined: Neoplasm diameter exceeding 5 cm, multiple lesions, metastatic lymph node involvement, microscopic vascular invasion, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 exceeding 200 U/mL, and R1 resection status. An innovative risk assessment framework successfully stratified individuals into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk categories, facilitating personalized surveillance protocols and adjuvant treatment strategies to optimize postoperative outcomes in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma management.
