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Retrospective Cohort Study
Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2026; 18(9): 121221
Published online Sep 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.121221
Nursing outcome comparison of laparoscopy-assisted, pneumomediastinoscopy-assisted esophagectomy vs conventional thoracoscopic-assisted, three-incision esophagectomy in early esophageal cancer
Yao-Ping Chen, Ying Zhang, Yan-Hong Pan
Yao-Ping Chen, Ying Zhang, Yan-Hong Pan, Department of Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China
Yao-Ping Chen, Ying Zhang, Yan-Hong Pan, Department of Operating Room, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, Fujian Province, China
Author contributions: Chen YP contributed to conceptualization, data curation, methodology, software, and writing - original draft; Zhang Y contributed to formal analysis, project administration, and visualization; Pan YH contributed to investigation, supervision, validation, and writing - review and editing. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
AI contribution statement: No AI tools were used in the preparation of this manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, approval No. FMU[2015]084-3.
Informed consent statement: Patients were not required to give informed consent to the study because the analysis used anonymous clinical data that were obtained after each patient agreed to treatment by written consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: The original anonymous dataset is available on request from the corresponding author at cyp3397@163.com.
Corresponding author: Yan-Hong Pan, MD, Department of Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian Province, China. cyp3397@163.com
Received: April 22, 2026
Revised: June 9, 2026
Accepted: July 31, 2026
Published online: September 27, 2026
Processing time: 145 Days and 22.6 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Surgical resection is an important component of curative therapy for early and locally advanced esophageal cancers. Despite the advantages of conventional open esophagectomy, it results in considerable surgical trauma, cardiopulmonary burden, and a high rate of postoperative respiratory and cardiac complications. To address these limitations, mediastinoscopy-assisted and pneumomediastinum-based esophagectomy techniques have been introduced and refined. Nursing teams play a central role in coordinating mobilization schedules, respiratory exercises, drain care, and nutritional advancement as well as in monitoring early signs of clinical deterioration. As such, detailed reports addressing relevant nursing outcomes of new mediastinoscopy-assisted strategies are of particular interest.

AIM

To compare perioperative and early recovery outcomes between laparoscopy-assisted pneumomediastinoscopy-assisted esophagectomy (LAPA-PMAE) and conventional thoracoscopic-assisted, three-incision esophagectomy for early esophageal cancer.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort study screened 136 consecutive patients with resectable early thoracic esophageal cancer who underwent minimally invasive esophagectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University (Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China). After excluding patients who underwent emergency or non-elective surgery, combined major procedures on other organs, had incomplete perioperative or follow-up data, died during the index operation, or fulfilled other exclusion criteria, 110 patients were divided into 2 groups: Conventional thoracoscopic-assisted, three-incision esophagectomy (control, n = 60); and LAPA-PMAE (observation, n = 50).

RESULTS

Chronic obstructive or other chronic lung diseases were more prevalent in the observation group, whereas other baseline variables were similar. Operative duration and blood loss were lower in the observation group. Patients in this group achieved earlier ambulation and oral intake, had a shorter drain duration, shorter postoperative hospital stay, and a more favorable recovery speed index. Overall complication rates were comparable, whereas postoperative arrhythmia occurred only in the control group. After adjusting for baseline factors, the LAPA-PMAE approach remained associated with a shorter hospital stay, suggesting that the observed difference in hospital length of stay was not fully accounted for by the measured risk variables. Lymph node yield was comparable between groups, whereas patient-controlled analgesia use and rescue analgesic use were lower in the observation group.

CONCLUSION

LAPA-PMAE in a single supine position through cervical and upper abdominal access is associated with a lighter perioperative profile, faster early recovery, and shorter hospitalization.

Keywords: Early esophageal cancer; Laparoscopy-assisted pneumomediastinoscopy; Single-position esophagectomy; Minimally invasive esophagectomy; Perioperative nursing; Enhanced recovery after surgery; Postoperative complications; Impaired pulmonary function

Core Tip: This study compares perioperative and early recovery outcomes between laparoscopy-assisted pneumomediastinoscopy-assisted esophagectomy and conventional thoracoscopic-assisted esophagectomy in patients with early esophageal cancer. The retrospective analysis of 110 patients demonstrates that the laparoscopy-assisted pneumomediastinoscopy-assisted esophagectomy approach yields shorter operative duration, reduced blood loss, earlier ambulation and oral intake, decreased drain duration, and shorter postoperative hospital stay with comparable complication rates, suggesting a favorable perioperative profile and accelerated recovery.

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