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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Aug 27, 2026; 18(8): 120366
Published online Aug 27, 2026. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.120366
Perioperative management based on the enhanced recovery after surgery concept in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic common bile duct exploration plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Long-Xiang Wang, Yan-Hong Jiang, Yong Ding, Hai-Tao Wu
Long-Xiang Wang, Yong Ding, Hai-Tao Wu, Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Dafeng People’s Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng 224100, Jiangsu Province, China
Yan-Hong Jiang, Department of Nursing, Dafeng People’s Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng 224100, Jiangsu Province, China
Co-first authors: Long-Xiang Wang and Yan-Hong Jiang.
Author contributions: Wang LX and Jiang YH contributed to writing - original draft preparation, they contributed equally to this manuscript and are co-first authors. Wang LX was responsible for conceptualization, methodology design, data curation, and formal analysis; Jiang YH contributed to intervention implementation, nursing protocol development, and data collection; Ding Y provided clinical support, resources, and data validation; Wu HT oversaw study supervision, and contributed to funding acquisition, project administration, and writing - review & editing.
AI contribution statement: The authors confirm that no AI tools, including but not limited to large language models, generative AI, or AI-assisted writing software, were used in any stage of this manuscript, including study design, data collection, statistical analysis, result interpretation, literature review, writing, revision, or formatting. All content presented herein is the original work of the named authors, who assume full responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, and scientific validity of the study.
Supported by Collaborative Innovation Research Project between Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine and Yancheng Municipal Health Commission, No. 202490435.
Institutional review board statement: The research was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Dafeng People’s Hospital of Yancheng City, Approval No. 2024-K007.
Clinical trial registration statement: This study has not yet been registered with clinical trials.
Informed consent statement: All research participants or their legal guardians provided written informed consent prior to study registration.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
CONSORT 2010 statement: The authors have read the CONSORT 2010 Statement, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CONSORT 2010 Statement.
Data sharing statement: No other data available.
Corresponding author: Hai-Tao Wu, Associate Chief Physician, Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Dafeng People’s Hospital of Yancheng City, No. 139 Xingfu East Avenue, Dafeng District, Yancheng 224100, Jiangsu Province, China. wxppaper@163.com
Received: March 25, 2026
Revised: April 15, 2026
Accepted: June 3, 2026
Published online: August 27, 2026
Processing time: 144 Days and 11.3 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Choledocholithiasis is highly prevalent among the elderly, with laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) serving as a key minimally invasive treatment. However, elderly patients often face increased surgical risks and prolonged recovery due to reduced physiological reserve and comorbidities. The enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol has proven effective in optimizing perioperative outcomes across multiple surgical disciplines, yet its specific application in elderly patients undergoing LCBDE + LC remains insufficiently studied. This study therefore aims to evaluate the impact of ERAS-based perioperative management on recovery, complications, and overall outcomes in this vulnerable surgical population.

AIM

To explore the application value of perioperative management based on the ERAS concept in elderly patients undergoing LCBDE combined with LC.

METHODS

Elderly patients with choledocholithiasis who underwent LCBDE + LC in our hospital from April 2023 to April 2024 were selected. Using a random number table method, a statistician not involved in the study implementation generated a random number sequence using SPSS 27.0 software, which was placed in sealed, opaque envelopes. Upon enrollment, patients opened the envelopes in sequence and were assigned to either the ERAS group or the control group based on the enclosed number, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received conventional perioperative management, while the ERAS group received perioperative management based on the ERAS concept. Comparisons were made between the two groups regarding gastrointestinal function recovery indicators (time to first flatus, total intravenous fluid volume, time to first defecation, time to bowel sound recovery), inflammatory factor levels (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α), pain status (Visual Analog Scale score, pain duration), complication rate, length of hospital stay, hospitalization costs, readmission rate, quality of life (Short Form-36 Health Survey), and satisfaction.

RESULTS

On postoperative day 3, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (73.37 ± 8.73 mg/L), interleukin-6 (41.29 ± 4.74 pg/mL), tumor necrosis factor-α (0.75 ± 0.12 pg/mL), Visual Analog Scale score, and pain duration in the ERAS group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The ERAS group also showed shorter times to first flatus (38.56 ± 4.65 hours), bowel sound recovery (21.95 ± 3.22 hours), and first defecation (2.75 ± 0.63 days), lower total intravenous fluid volume (6.54 ± 0.57 L), lower overall complication rate (5.00%), lower readmission rate (2.50%), shorter hospital stay (9.25 ± 0.71 days), and lower hospitalization costs (2.51 ± 0.77 ten thousand CNY) compared to the control group. Furthermore, Short Form-36 Health Survey scores across all dimensions and satisfaction rate (95.00%) were higher in the ERAS group than in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Perioperative management based on the ERAS concept can promote gastrointestinal recovery, reduce inflammation levels, improve pain status, lower complication rates, decrease hospitalization costs and readmission rates, and enhance quality of life and satisfaction in elderly patients with choledocholithiasis after LCBDE + LC.

Keywords: Enhanced recovery after surgery; Perioperative management; Elderly patients; Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration; Laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Core Tip: In elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic common bile duct exploration combined with cholecystectomy, perioperative management guided by the enhanced recovery after surgery concept significantly enhances recovery by accelerating gastrointestinal function, reducing inflammation and pain, lowering complication and readmission rates, shortening hospital stay, decreasing costs, and improving overall quality of life and satisfaction.

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