Nursing interventions’ impact on cardiovascular complications after gastrointestinal surgery in intensive care unit: Risk factor analysis

doi:10.4240/wjgs.v17.i8.104474

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Aug 27, 2025 (publication date) through Mar 10, 2026

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastrointest Surg. Aug 27, 2025; 17(8): 104474
Published online Aug 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i8.104474

Nursing interventions’ impact on cardiovascular complications after gastrointestinal surgery in intensive care unit: Risk factor analysis

Ling Wang, Peng Yang, Xue-Qing He, Han Xia

Ling Wang, Department of Operation Management, The Affiliated Dazu’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402360, China

Peng Yang, Xue-Qing He, Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Dazu’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402360, China

Han Xia, Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Dazu’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402360, China

Co-first authors: Ling Wang and Peng Yang.

Co-corresponding authors: Xue-Qing He and Han Xia.

Author contributions: Wang L and Yang P contribute equally to this study as co-first authors; He XQ and Xia H contribute equally to this study as co-corresponding authors; Wang L and Yang P designed the research study; Wang L, Yang P, He XQ and Xia H performed the research; Yang P and He XQ collected and analyzed the data; Wang L and Xia H have been involved in drafting the manuscript and all authors have been involved in revising it critically for important intellectual content; all authors give final approval of the version to be published; all authors have participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to its accuracy or integrity.

Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Affiliated Dazu’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.

Informed consent statement: All study participants or their legal guardians provided informed written consent about personal and medical data collection before study enrolment.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest for this article.

Data sharing statement: Technical appendix, statistical code, and dataset available from the corresponding author at xueq1221@163.com. Participants gave informed consent for data sharing.

Corresponding author: Xue-Qing He, Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Dazu’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1073 South Second Ring Road, Tangxiang Street, Dazu District, Chongqing 402360, China. xueq1221@163.com

Received: March 12, 2025
Revised: April 27, 2025
Accepted: June 23, 2025
Published online: August 27, 2025
Processing time: 166 Days and 4.8 Hours

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Cardiovascular (CV) complications are common in intensive care unit (ICU) patients after gastrointestinal surgery and are associated with increased mortality and prolonged hospital stay. The optimization of postoperative nursing interventions, particularly pain management, is crucial for reducing such complications.

AIM

To investigate the effects of enhanced recovery nursing on CV complications after gastrointestinal surgery in ICU patients and associated risk factors.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 78 adult patients who underwent gastrointestinal surgery in the ICU of our hospital between February 2023 and September 2024. Among them, 40 patients received standard care (control group), while 38 received enhanced recovery nursing (observation group). We compared the incidence of CV complications and nursing satisfaction between the two groups. Patients were divided into CV complication and non-complication groups based on complication occurrence, and logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors.

RESULTS

In the control and observation groups, the incidence of CV complications was 30.0% (12/40) and 18.4% (7/38), with a nursing satisfaction rate of 70.0% (28/40) and 92.1% (35/38), respectively. The postoperative pain score at 14 days was significantly lower in the observation group (0.27 ± 0.15) compared to the control group (1.65 ± 0.37), with all differences being statistically significant (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis indicated significant differences in age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, smoking history, history of heart failure, and previous myocardial infarction (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression identified heart failure history, previous myocardial infarction, age, hypertension, and diabetes as independent risk factors, with odds ratios of 1.195, 1.528, 1.062, 1.836, and 1.942, respectively (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Implementing enhanced recovery nursing for ICU patients after gastrointestinal surgery is beneficial in reducing the incidence of CV complications and improving nursing satisfaction.

Keywords: Enhanced recovery nursing interventions; Intensive care unit; Gastrointestinal surgery; Cardiovascular complications; Risk factor analysis

Core Tip: Cardiovascular (CV) complications are common in intensive care unit (ICU) patients post-gastrointestinal surgery, leading to higher mortality and longer hospital stays. This study highlights the benefits of enhanced recovery nursing in reducing these complications and improving nursing satisfaction. The results indicate that key independent predictors of CV complications include a history of heart failure, previous myocardial infarction, advanced age, hypertension, and diabetes. Optimizing postoperative nursing interventions, particularly in pain management, is essential for mitigating these risks in ICU patients.