Published online Jul 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i7.104118
Revised: March 26, 2025
Accepted: May 20, 2025
Published online: July 27, 2025
Processing time: 225 Days and 4.1 Hours
Self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) as a bridge to surgery (BTS) has become a popular alternative to emergency surgery in the management of acute left-sided malignant colonic obstruction (MCO). However, it remains controversial for colonic stent as a BTS due to a lack of consensus and insufficient data.
To assess the clinical and oncological safety of SEMS insertion followed by elective resection for acute left-sided MCO.
The data from 96 patients with acute left-sided MCO in our institution from January 2018 to May 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. They underwent colonic stenting as a bridge to elective surgery (BTS group: n = 40) or emergency resection (ER group: n = 56). Demographic characteristics, stoma rate, laparoscopy rate, postoperative complications, and oncological outcomes were compared between the two groups.
The two groups were comparable with regard to the demographics and tumor characteristics. The stoma rate was 7.5% in the BTS group vs 48.2% in the ER group (P < 0.05). Primary anastomosis was performed in all patients in the BTS group, and only three patients underwent protective stoma in the BTS group. The BTS group had a significantly higher rate of laparoscopic surgery than the ER group (90% vs 57.1%, P < 0.05), and the major postoperative complication rate was significantly higher in the ER group than in the BTS group (33.9% vs 15%, P = 0.04). According to the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log rank test, no significant differences existed in the two groups with regard to the overall survival and disease-free survival.
The utilization of SEMS as a BTS is a useful alternative to emergency surgery in the treatment of acute left-sided MCO. SEMS insertion as a BTS can provide an effective and safe therapeutic option compared to emergency surgery.
Core Tip: Enrolling a total of 96 patient, this study demonstrated that the utilization of self-expandable metal stent as a bridge to surgery seems to be a useful alternative to emergency surgery in the management of acute left-sided malignant colonic obstruction. Self-expandable metal stent insertion as a bridge to surgery can provide an effective and safe therapeutic option compared to emergency surgery. The current focus of this field is on acute left-sided malignant colonic obstruction, oncological prognosis, and perioperative management.