Influence factors of clinical effects on patients with early gastric cancer: A retrospective study

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Identifying factors that influence non-curative resection (NCR) is critical to optimize treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes in patients with early gastric cancer (EGC).

AIM

To investigate the factors influencing the NCR of EGC and to evaluate the predictive value of these factors.

METHODS

The clinical data of 173 patients with EGC admitted between July 2020 and July 2023 were retrospectively collected. According to radical resection criteria, the patients were further divided into curative resection group (n = 143) and NCR group (n = 30). Clinical information was collected, including surgical method, tumor diameter, tumor site, ulcer formation, depth of invasion, pathological type, and lymph node metastasis. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors affecting non-curable resection.

RESULTS

Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ulcer formation [odds ratio (OR) = 3.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.55-8.01, P = 0.003], pathological type (OR = 3.73; 95%CI: 1.60-8.74, P = 0.002), tumor diameter (OR = 3.15; 95%CI: 1.40-7.05, P = 0.005), tumor location (OR = 3.50; 95%CI: 1.16-10.58, P = 0.027), lymph node metastasis (OR = 4.40; 95%CI: 1.83-10.57, P = 0.001), and depth of penetration (OR = 3.75; 95%CI: 1.60-8.74, P = 0.002) were all risk factors for NCR in EGC patients. Predictive analysis showed varying area under the curve values for factors such as tumor diameter (0.636), tumor location (0.608), ulcer formation (0.652), infiltration depth (0.658), pathological type (0.656), and lymph node metastasis (0.674).

CONCLUSION

The results suggest that factors such as tumor diameter, tumor location, ulcer formation, depth of invasion, pathological type, and lymph node metastasis increase the risk of NCR in EGC patients.

Keywords: Early gastric cancer; Non-curative resection; Endoscopic mucosal dissection; Influencing factors; Curative resection

Core Tip: In order to identify factors influencing non-curative resection (NCR) in patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) and assess the predictive value of these factors, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 173 EGC patients between July 2020 and July 2023. The cohort was stratified into two groups: Curative resection group (143 cases) and NCR group (30 cases) based on adherence to curative resection guidelines. Various risk factors were systematically documented and analyzed. The findings underscored that tumor diameter, location, ulceration, infiltration depth, pathological classification, and lymph node metastasis emerged as pivotal risk determinants for NCR in individuals with EGC.