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Zhu ML, Wang LY, Bai XQ, Wu C, Liu XY. Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus combined with squamous cell carcinoma: A case report. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:287-293. [PMID: 36896304 PMCID: PMC9988636 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i2.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is a rare malignant tumor of the esophagus, and its combination with squamous cell carcinoma is also rare. Here, we report the diagnosis and treatment of a case of primary esophageal malignant melanoma combined with squamous cell carcinoma.
CASE SUMMARY A middle-aged man underwent gastroscopy for dysphagia. Gastroscopy revealed multiple bulging esophageal lesions, and after pathologic and immunohistochemical analyses, the patient was finally diagnosed with "malignant melanoma with squamous cell carcinoma". This patient received comprehensive treatment. After one year of follow-up, the patient was in good condition, and the esophageal lesions seen on gastroscopy were controlled, but unfortunately, liver metastasis occurred.
CONCLUSION When multiple esophageal lesions are present, the possibility of multiple pathological sources should be considered. This patient was diagnosed with primary esophageal malignant melanoma combined with squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lin Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272000, Sahndong Province, China
| | - Ling-Yun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xue-Qin Bai
- Department of Pathology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272000, Sahndong Province, China
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272013, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
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de Graaf L, Boulanger M, Bureau M, Bouvier G, Meryet-Figuiere M, Tual S, Lebailly P, Baldi I. Occupational pesticide exposure, cancer and chronic neurological disorders: A systematic review of epidemiological studies in greenspace workers. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111822. [PMID: 34352232 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The greenspace sector includes a broad range of occupations: gardeners, landscapers, municipal workers, maintenance operators of public facilities, golf-course employees and other sports facilities, horticulturists, plant and tree nursery workers etc. The health impact of occupational pesticide exposure has mainly been studied among farmers. Other professionals such as greenspace workers are also extremely exposed, presenting specific exposure features (practices, types of pesticide used). The aim of this review was to summarize epidemiological literature that examine the relationship between pesticide exposure and the risk of cancer and long-term health effects in greenspace workers. METHOD Six main groups of greenspace workers were identified and examined through a systematic literature review based on PubMed and Scopus. The studies were then grouped according to their design, health outcomes and the type of population studied. RESULTS Forty-four articles were selected among the 1679 identified. Fifteen studies were conducted exclusively among greenspace workers, while ten also studied these workers with other pesticide applicators. Six were cohorts from the general population in which greenspace workers were identified. Elevated risks were found in several studies for leukaemia, soft-tissue sarcoma, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Parkinson's disease. DISCUSSION The majority of studies used rough parameters for defining exposure such as job titles which could lead to the misclassification of exposure, with the risk of false or positive negative conclusions. Health outcomes were mainly collected through registries or death certificates, and information regarding potential confounders was often missing. CONCLUSION The review identified only 15 studies conducted exclusively among greenspace workers. Elevated risk was found for several sites of cancer and Parkinson's diseases. Further epidemiological research is needed, conducted specifically on these workers, to better characterize this population, its exposure to pesticides and the related health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- L de Graaf
- ISPED, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1219 Epicene, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France.
| | - M Boulanger
- INSERM U1086 Anticipe, 3 avenue Général Harris, 14000, Caen, France; Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer François Baclesse, 3 avenue Général Harris, 14000, Caen, France; Université de Caen Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, 14000, Caen, France
| | - M Bureau
- ISPED, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1219 Epicene, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - G Bouvier
- ISPED, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1219 Epicene, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - M Meryet-Figuiere
- INSERM U1086 Anticipe, 3 avenue Général Harris, 14000, Caen, France; Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer François Baclesse, 3 avenue Général Harris, 14000, Caen, France; Université de Caen Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, 14000, Caen, France
| | - S Tual
- INSERM U1086 Anticipe, 3 avenue Général Harris, 14000, Caen, France; Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer François Baclesse, 3 avenue Général Harris, 14000, Caen, France; Université de Caen Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, 14000, Caen, France
| | - P Lebailly
- INSERM U1086 Anticipe, 3 avenue Général Harris, 14000, Caen, France; Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer François Baclesse, 3 avenue Général Harris, 14000, Caen, France; Université de Caen Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, 14000, Caen, France
| | - I Baldi
- ISPED, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1219 Epicene, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France; Service Santé Travail Environnement, CHU de Bordeaux, Place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076, Bordeaux, France
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