Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Diabetes. May 15, 2026; 17(5): 116210
Published online May 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v17.i5.116210
Published online May 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v17.i5.116210
Table 1 The application of mesenchymal stem cells in the diabetic foot ulcers
| Type | Source | Pros | Cons | Recommended dose |
| BMSCs | Bone marrow | Theoretical safety; high differentiation effects | Low-yield invasive bone marrow aspiration in diabetics | Subcutaneous injection 9 × 107 cells[53] |
| ADSCs | Adipose tissue | Abundant and easily extracted from adipose tissue; multipotent differentiation potential; display enhanced anti-inflammatory effects | Contamination risk from extraction | Subcutaneous injection 5 × 105 cells[67] |
| UCMSCs | Human umbilical cord | Strong proliferative capacity and low immunogenicity | Ethical issues | Intravenous administrations 2 × 105 cells/kg with an upper limit of 1 × 107 cells[59] |
- Citation: Wan XX, Yan WT, He WH, Xiong K. Synergistic mechanism of adipose-derived stem cells in healing diabetic foot ulcers. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(5): 116210
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v17/i5/116210.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v17.i5.116210