Regassa DA, Berihun GA, Habtu BF, Haile WB, Nagaash RS, Kiya GT. Platelet indices as predictors of poor glucoregulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus adults at Bishoftu General Hospital, Ethiopia. World J Diabetes 2024; 15(9): 1889-1902 [PMID: 39280177 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i9.1889]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Dereje Abebe Regassa, MSc, Lecturer, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Wolkite University, PO Box 07, Wolkite 11330, Ethiopia. sifaanabebe@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Hematology
Article-Type of This Article
Case Control Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
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World J Diabetes. Sep 15, 2024; 15(9): 1889-1902 Published online Sep 15, 2024. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i9.1889
Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of the study participants at Bishoftu General Hospital, central Ethiopia, from June 15 to August 12, 2022, n (%)
Variables
Categories
T2DM patients
Healthy controls
P value
Age (years)
Median (IQR)
33 (28-39)
31 (27-38)
0.322
Sex
M
139 (79.9)
66 (75.9)
0.46
F
35 (20.1)
21 (24.1)
Residence
Urban
147 (84.5)
68 (78.2)
0.21
Rural
27 (15.5)
19 (21.8)
Educational level
Unable to write & read
8 (4.6)
2 (2.3)
0.04
Can write and read
11 (6.3)
2 (2.3)
Primary school
25 (14.4)
9 (10.3)
Secondary school
66 (37.9)
50 (57.5)
Higher education
64 (36.8)
24 (27.6)
Occupation status
Unemployed
37 (21.3)
37 (42.5)
0.004
Merchant
47 (27.0)
20 (23)
Farmer
25 (14.4)
7 (8)
Gov’t employee
65 (37.4)
23 (26.4)
Marital status
Single
59 (33.9)
33 (37.9)
0.94
Married
75 (43.1)
35 (40.2)
Divorced
29 (16.7)
14 (16.1)
Widowed
11 (6.3)
5 (5.7)
Table 2 Anthropometric and clinical characteristics distribution of study participants at Bishoftu General Hospital, central Ethiopia, from June 15 to August 12, 2022, n (%)
Variables
Categories
T2DM patients
Healthy control
P value
BMI (kg/m2)
Median (IQR)
23.2 (20.6-25.3)
20.3(19.1-22.03)
< 0.001
WC (cm)
Median (IQR)
90 (87-97)
89 (86-92)
0.017
WHR
Median (IQR)
0.91 (0.86-0.98)
0.87 (0.83-0.92)
< 0.001
SBP (mmHg)
Median (IQR)
141 (133-150)
131 (126-135)
< 0.001
DBP (mmHg)
Median (IQR)
101 (94.0-109.0)
90 (87.0-92.0)
< 0.001
FBG level (mg/dL)
Median (IQR)
131.2 (114.7-150)
-
-
Duration of DM illness (years)
Median (IQR)
6.0 (3.0-10.0)
-
-
Presence of microvascular complications at least one type
Poor glycemic DM (87)
Yes
45 (51.7)
-
-
No
42 (48.3)
Good glycemic DM (87)
Yes
0 (0)
-
No
87 (100)
Current oral hypoglycemic therapy used by DM patients
Glibenclamide
41 (23.60)
-
-
Metformin
89 (51.1)
-
Metformin + Glibenclamide
44 (25.3)
-
Table 3 Comparisons of platelet indices between diabetic patients and the healthy control group at Bishoftu Hospital, central Ethiopia, from June to August 2022
Platelet parameters
Diabetes mellitus group, media (IQR)
Healthy control group, media (IQR)
P value
Platelet count (103/µL)
198 (160-291)
208 (170-232)
0.269
PDW (fL)
13.7 (11.8-20.1)
11.1 (10.1-13.1)
< 0.001
MPV (fL)
11.1 (10.3-13.2)
9.9 (9.6-10.9)
< 0.001
PLCR (%)
33.2 (27.3-46.2)
24.5 (21.2-31.8)
< 0.001
PCT (%)
0.24 (0.2-0.32)
0.23 (0.19-0.26)
0.001
Table 4 Kruskal Wallis and Bonferroni pairwise comparisons of platelet indices between poor glycemic controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus, good glycemic controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus, and healthy controls at Bishoftu Hospital, central Ethiopia, from June to August 2022
Table 5 Comparisons of platelet indices between microvascular complicated type 2 diabetes mellitus and uncomplicated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Bishoftu Hospital, central Ethiopia, from June to August 2022
Platelet indices
Complicated diabetic patients, median (IQR) (n = 45)
Uncomplicated diabetic patients, median (IQR) (n = 42)
P value
Platelet count (103/µL)
169 (142-187)
334 (193-422)
< 0.001
PDW (fL)
23.1 (19.1-24.8)
14.7 (12-18.1)
< 0.001
MPV (fL)
13.9 (12.9-15.1)
11.4 (10.1-12.7)
< 0.001
PLCR (%)
52.8 (47.0-57.0)
33.3 (26.2-42.8)
< 0.001
PCT (%)
0.24 (0.20-0.28)
0.38 (0.27-0.42)
< 0.001
Table 6 Spearman’s correlation (rho) of platelet indices with body mass index, waist circumference, & waist-to-hip ratio among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and healthy controls at Bishoftu Hospital from June to August 2022
Table 7 Spearman’s correlation (rho) of platelet indices with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar & duration of diabetes mellitus among type 2 diabetes mellitus and control groups at Bishoftu Hospital, from June to August 2022
Table 8 Determination of predictive values of platelet indices for poor glycemic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending Bishoftu Hospital, from June to August 2022
Platelet indices
Sensitivity (%)
Specificity (%)
PPV (%)
NPV (%)
Cut-off value
AUC
95%CI
P value
PDW (fL)
68
90
87.2
73.8
≥ 15.75
0.803
0.735-0.871
< 0.001
MPV (fL)
61
93
89.7
70.5
≥ 12.25
0.774
0.702-0.847
< 0.001
PLCR (%)
69
83
80.2
72.3
≥ 36.3
0.775
0.704-0.838
< 0.001
PCT (%)
83
57
65.9
87.7
≥ 0.24
0.761
0.69-0.831
< 0.001
Citation: Regassa DA, Berihun GA, Habtu BF, Haile WB, Nagaash RS, Kiya GT. Platelet indices as predictors of poor glucoregulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus adults at Bishoftu General Hospital, Ethiopia. World J Diabetes 2024; 15(9): 1889-1902