Meta-Analysis
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Diabetes. Jun 15, 2024; 15(6): 1353-1366
Published online Jun 15, 2024. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1353
Table 1 Study characteristics of included trials
ID
Ref.
Yr and country
Case number: E/C
Intervention time
Exercise protocol
Control group
Outcomes
1Peña et al[25]2023, United States40 [24 M/16 F] (13.4 ± 1.4)/24 [15 M/9 F] (13.2 ± 1.4)6 monthsATUsual careIL-6; TNF-α
2Nambi et al[47]2022, Saudi Arabia38 [M] (10.12 ± 1.2)/38 [M] (10.56 ± 1.4)8 wkAT + RTFollow their regular physical activities and dietary patternsIL-6; TNF-α; leptin; adiponectin
3Meng et al[45]2022, China12 [M] (11.4 ± 0.8)/13 [M] (11.0 ± 0.7)12 wkAT + RT (HIIT)No sports training; maintain normal daily lifeFBG; FINS; HOMA-IR
4Abassi et al[35]2022, Tunisia13 [F]/12 [F]12 wkAT + RT (HIIT)Maintain usual dietary habitsCRP
5de Souza et al[43]2022, Brazil22 [11 M/11 F]/20 [7 M/13 F]12 wkAT (Karate)Receive weekly nutrition and psychological interventionFBG; adiponectin
6Duft et al[44]2020, Brazil18 [9 M/9 F] (14.44 ± 1.04)/19 [9 M/10 F] (14.72 ± 1.07)12 wkRT + ATMaintain the same daily activitiesFBG; FINS; HOMA-IR
7Kim et al[26]2020, United States24 [F] (15 ± 1)/24 [F] (15 ± 1)12 wkAT (jump rope)Not participating in any type of exercise programFBG; FINS; HOMA-IR
8Plavsic et al[49]2020, Serbia22 [F] (16.2 ± 1.3)/22 [F] (15.5 ± 1.5)12 wkAT + RT (HIIT)Accept a standard, balanced, low-fat, and low-calorie diet. Received 4 to 6 (20-30 min) individual treatments from a nutrition specialist pediatrician within a period of 3 monthsHOMA-IR
9Abassi et al[36]2020, Tunisia8 [F] (16.5 ± 1.07)/8 [F] (16.9 ± 1.64)12 wkAT + RT (HIIT)No exerciseFBG; FINS
10Kelly et al[27]2019, United States13 [M] (15.29 ± 0.95)/13 [M] (15.58 ± 0.99)16 wkRT (Strength TrainingNo participation in any other research projects or organized exercise programsFBG
11Mohammadi Sefat et al[40]2019, Iran10 [F] (12.40 ± 1.71)/10 [F] (11.80 ± 2.20)8 wkRT + ATNo exercise trainingFBG; FINS; HOMA-IR
12Wong et al[23]2018, United States15 [F] (15.2 ± 1.2)/15 [F] (15.3 ± 1.1)12 wkRT + ATNo sports.
Did not change dietary and sports habits
FBG; FINS; HOMA-IR; CRP; leptin; adiponectin
13Liu et al[46]2018, China30 [F] (14.6 ± 0.7)/20 [F] (14.7 ± 0.8)4 wkATDietary change. Maintain inactive lifestyleFBG; FINS; HOMA-IR; IL-6; TNF-α; CRP; Leptin; Adiponectin
14Dias et al[50]2018, Australia33 [16 M/17 F] (12.4 ± 1.9)/34 [15 M/19 F] (11.8 ± 2.4)12 wkRT + AT (HIIT)Nutritional recommendations onlyFBG; HOMA-IR
15Zehsaz et al[41]2017, Iran16 [M] 10.8 ± 0.9/16 [M] 10.3 ± 0.916 wkRT + ATAvoid any activities that are different from their daily lives and do not change their dietFBG; FINS; HOMA-IR
16Son et al[28]2017, United States20 [F] (15 ± 1)/20 [F] (15 ± 1)12 wkRT + ATDid not change dietary and sports habitsFBG; FINS; HOMA-IR
17Racil et al[37]2016, Tunisia26 [F] (16.5 ± 1.2)/19 [F] (16.9 ± 1.0)12 wkRT + AT (HIIT)FBG; FINS; HOMA-IR; leptin; adiponectin
18Vasconcellos et al[48]2016, Portugal10 [8 M/2 F] (14.1 ± 1.3)/10 [6 M/4 F] (14.8 ± 1.4)12 wkAT (football game)Did not change regular sports habitsFBG; FINS; HOMA-IR; IL-6; TNF-α; CRP; leptin; adiponectin
19Zehsaz et al[42]2016, Iran16 [M] (10.8 ± 0.9)/16 [M] (10.3 ± 0.9)16 wkRT + ATMaintain current leisure time activitiesFBG; FINS; HOMA-IR
20Jeon et al[51]2013, Korea8/712 wkRT + AT
No exerciseFBG; FINS; Adiponectin
21Racil et al[38]2013, Tunisia11 [F]/12 [F]12 wkRT + AT (HIIT)No exerciseFBG; FINS; HOMA-IR; adiponectin
22Ben Ounis et al[39]2010, Tunisia16 [8 M/8 F] (13.4 ± 0.4)/16 [7 M/9 F] (13.2 ± 0.6)8 wkATMaintain current level of physical activityFBG
23Murphy et al[29]2009, United States23 [mixed-gender]/12 [mixed-gender]12 wkAT (dance game)FINS; HOMA-IR; IL-6; TNF-α; CRP; adiponectin
24Davis et al[30]2009, United States17 [mixed-gender]/21 [mixed-gender]16 wkRTNutrition education onlFBG; FINS; HOMA-IR
25Benson et al[31]2008, United States32 [mixed-gender]/35 [mixed-gender]8 wkRTFBG; FINS
26Kelly et al[32]2007, United States9 [4 M/5 F] (10.8 ± 0.67)/10 [4 M/6 F] (11.0 ± 0.71)8 wkATNot participating in organized exerciseIL-6; TNF-α; CRP; leptin; adiponectin
27Shaibi et al[33]2006, United States11 [M] (15.1 ± 0.5)/11 [M] (15.6 ± 0.5)16 wkRTNo extra exerciseFBG; FINS
28Kelly et al[34]2004, United States10 [5 M/5 F] (11.0 ± 0.63)/10 [4 M/6 F] (11.0 ± 0.71)8 wkATMaintain current level of physical activityFBG; FINS