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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Diabetes. Apr 15, 2021; 12(4): 407-419
Published online Apr 15, 2021. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i4.407
Table 1 Comparison of achievement of alphabet strategy components between practices of evidence-based medicine audits[10]
Alphabet strategyBaseline audit, n = 420Follow-up audit, n = 1071P value
ASmoking status (%)15.514.70.83
BBlood pressure (mmHg)141/77136/760.007
CTotal cholesterol (mmol/L)4.94.5< 0.001
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)2.52.4< 0.001
Creatinine (mmol/L)1091050.036
DHbA1c (%) (mmol/mol)8.3 (67.2)7.9 (62.8)0.09
EEye examination (%)95.597.10.72
FFoot examination (%)83.597.3< 0.001
GAspirin (%)83.588.00.20
ACEI/ARB (%)73.074.40.75
Lipid lowering (%)55.073.4< 0.001
Table 2 Change in care process performance following implementation of the alphabet strategy in a low-resource diabetes clinic[10]


Pre implementation (%)
Post implementation (%)
P value
ABody mass index9999NS
Smoking status9999NS
Smoking cessation100100NS
BBlood pressure9999NS
CTotal cholesterol6099< 0.001
Lipid profile1064< 0.001
Creatinine549< 0.001
Proteinuria4893< 0.001
DFasting and postprandial glucose4197< 0.001
EEye examination98100NS
FFeet examination95100NS
GAspirin therapy671< 0.001
ACEI/ARB therapy757< 0.001
Statin therapy538< 0.001
All three220< 0.001