Classification of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema

Figure 1 Standard photograph. A: 2A. Notice the intraretinal hemorrhages. If 4 quadrants have intraretinal hemorrhages of at least this magnitude then by definition severe non-proliferative retinopathy is present; B: 6A. Notice venous beading (VB). If 2 quadrants or more have VB of at least this magnitude then by definition severe non-proliferative retinopathy is present; C: 8A. Notice the intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMA). If one or more quadrants has IRMA of at least this magnitude then by definition severe non-proliferative retinopathy is present.

Figure 2 Diabetic macular edema. A: Mild diabetic macular edema (DME). Notice that the hard exudates are located far from the center of the fovea; B: Moderate DME. Even though there is no thickening involving the center of the fovea, the hard exudates are threatening the center of the fovea; C: Severe DME. The center of the fovea is involved with hard exudate and thickening.