Type 2 diabetes mellitus may be associated with a novel mitochondrial tRNAThr/tRNAPro mutation

Figure 1 Molecular and genetic features of one Chinese pedigree with type 2 diabetes. A: One family with maternally transmitted diabetes, arrow indicates the proband; B: Sequence analysis of the m.C15954T mutation. WT: Wild type; MT: Mutant.

Figure 2 Secondary structures of mitochondrial-tRNA^Thr and mitochondrial-tRNA^Pro genes, arrow indicates the position of 15954. Processing sites in mitochondrial (mt)-tRNA^Thr and mt-tRNA^Pro precursors were determined for tRNase Z.

Figure 3 Mitochondrial-transfer RNAs analyses. A: Analysis of the steady-state levels of mitochondrial (mt)-tRNA^Thr and mt-tRNA^Pro in control and mutant cell lines by Northern blot; B: Qualifications of mt-transfer RNA levels, the average relative transfer RNAs content were normalized to the average content per cell of 5S rRNA. tRNA: Transfer RNA.

Figure 4 Analysis of mitochondrial-RNA transcription in control and mutant cell lines.

Figure 5 Analysis of mitochondrial DNA copy number, adenosine triphosphate, mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species levels in 15954C and 15954T cybrids. A: Mitochondrial DNA copy number; B: Adenosine triphosphate; C: Mitochondrial membrane potential; D: Reactive oxygen species. mtDNA: Mitochondrial DNA; ATP: Adenosine triphosphate; MMP: Mitochondrial membrane potential; ROS: Reactive oxygen species.

Figure 6 Analysis of oxidative phosphorylation enzymatic activities in 15954C and 15954T cybrids. CI-CIV: Complex I-IV; C: Control; M: Mutant.