Copyright
©The Author(s) 2026.
World J Diabetes. Jan 15, 2026; 17(1): 110502
Published online Jan 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v17.i1.110502
Published online Jan 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v17.i1.110502
Figure 1 Illustration of glomerular and tubular sites associated with diabetic kidney disease biomarkers, highlighting the different kidney regions involved in diabetic kidney disease.
uACR: Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio; IgG: Immunoglobulins G; GPC-5: Glypican-5; NGAL: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; KIM-1: Kidney injury molecule-1; L-FABP: Liver-type fatty acid-binding protein; Fe Mg: Fractional excretion of magnesium; EGF: Epidermal growth factor; VDBP: Vitamin D-binding protein; RBP: Retinol-binding protein; YKL-40: Chitinase-3-like protein-1; MCP-1: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; HO-1: Heme oxygenase-1; 8-OHdG: 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine.
- Citation: Gembillo G, Soraci L, Messina R, Lo Cicero L, Spadaro G, Cuzzola F, Calderone M, Ricca MF, Di Piazza S, Sudano F, Peritore L, Santoro D. Urinary biomarkers of diabetic kidney disease. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(1): 110502
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v17/i1/110502.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v17.i1.110502
