Medenica S, Fernandez CJ, Pappachan JM. Helicobacter pylori and diabetic complications: Stronger evidence for the interlink. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(6): 119178 [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.119178]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Joseph M Pappachan, MD, FRCP, MRCP, Professor, Senior Researcher, Faculty of Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, All Saints Campus, Grosvenor Square, Manchester M15 6BH, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom. drpappachan@yahoo.co.in
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Endocrinology & Metabolism
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review-article
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Medenica S, Fernandez CJ, Pappachan JM. Helicobacter pylori and diabetic complications: Stronger evidence for the interlink. World J Diabetes 2026; 17(6): 119178 [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.119178]
World J Diabetes. Jun 15, 2026; 17(6): 119178 Published online Jun 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.119178
Helicobacter pylori and diabetic complications: Stronger evidence for the interlink
Sanja Medenica, Cornelius J Fernandez, Joseph M Pappachan
Sanja Medenica, Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine Clinic, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica 81000, Montenegro
Sanja Medenica, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Podgorica 81000, Montenegro
Cornelius J Fernandez, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Pilgrim Hospital, United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Boston PE21 9QS, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom
Joseph M Pappachan, Faculty of Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom
Joseph M Pappachan, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Countess of Chester Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Chester CH2 1UL, Cheshire West and Chester, United Kingdom
Joseph M Pappachan, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
Author contributions: Medenica S drafted the initial manuscript and contributed ideas for the creation of the figures; Fernandez CJ participated in the literature search, contributed to the interpretation of relevant literature during the drafting process, and created the figures; Pappachan JM contributed to the conceptualization and design of the article, and overall supervision of the whole article drafting process; and all authors contributed to revision and have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
AI contribution statement: No artificial intelligence tools were used.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Corresponding author: Joseph M Pappachan, MD, FRCP, MRCP, Professor, Senior Researcher, Faculty of Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, All Saints Campus, Grosvenor Square, Manchester M15 6BH, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom. drpappachan@yahoo.co.in
Received: January 21, 2026 Revised: March 29, 2026 Accepted: May 6, 2026 Published online: June 15, 2026 Processing time: 142 Days and 2.9 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is increasingly recognized as a systemic disease with important metabolic consequences. Growing evidence supports a bidirectional relationship between H. pylori infection and diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly type 2 DM, in which chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and immune dysregulation play central roles. Patients with DM and concomitant H. pylori infection appear to have a higher risk of gastrointestinal, hepatic, and renal complications. Recent experimental data further strengthen this association by demonstrating aggravated organ damage in diabetic models with H. pylori infection. Recognition of this interlink has important implications for screening, monitoring, and therapeutic strategies in patients with diabetes.
