Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Diabetes. Apr 15, 2026; 17(4): 116772
Published online Apr 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v17.i4.116772
Published online Apr 15, 2026. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v17.i4.116772
Prediction model for rapid estimated glomerular filtration rate decline in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Peng Huang, Xue-Qiong Qin, Si-Dan Wang, Yuan-Yuan Wu, Xiu-Rong Huang, Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
Qing Huang, Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
Xu Lin, Key Laboratory of Medical Research Basic Guarantee for Immune-Related Diseases Research of Guangxi, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
Co-first authors: Peng Huang and Xue-Qiong Qin.
Author contributions: Huang P and Qin XQ designed the study, collected data, performed statistical analysis, and drafted the manuscript, they contributed equally to this article, they are the co-first authors of this manuscript; Huang Q, Wang SD, Wu YY, and Huang XR participated in data collection, patient follow-up, and manuscript revision; Lin X conceived and supervised the study, and critically revised the manuscript for important intellectual content; and all authors approved the final version to be published.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, approval No. YYFY-LL-241.
Informed consent statement: The informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Corresponding author: Xu Lin, Key Laboratory of Medical Research Basic Guarantee for Immune-Related Diseases Research of Guangxi, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 18 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. yyfylsj@163.com
Received: November 24, 2025
Revised: December 24, 2025
Accepted: February 3, 2026
Published online: April 15, 2026
Processing time: 142 Days and 2.8 Hours
Revised: December 24, 2025
Accepted: February 3, 2026
Published online: April 15, 2026
Processing time: 142 Days and 2.8 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This study established a nomogram for risk stratification of rapid decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with established kidney involvement. The model integrates cardiovascular symptoms, metabolic indicators, and renal biomarkers, demonstrating high discrimination and strong clinical practicality. This tool enables identification of high-risk subgroups who would benefit from intensified monitoring and intervention to slow kidney function deterioration.