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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Nov 15, 2025; 16(11): 112999
Published online Nov 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i11.112999
Published online Nov 15, 2025. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i11.112999
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists switching patterns in type two diabetes: A retrospective real-world study
Sameer Kassem, Department of Internal Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3436212, Israel
Buthaina Khalaila, Department of Pharmacology, Clalit Health Services, Haifa 3436212, Israel
Nili Stein, Department of Epidemiology, Clalit Health Services, Haifa 3436212, Israel
Adnan Zaina, Department of Endocrinology, Bar Ilan University, Haifa 3436212, Israel
Author contributions: Kassem S designed the research, wrote the original draft, edited, and revised the subsequent versions of the manuscript; Khalaila B investigated the data; Stein N investigated the data and performed the statistical analyses; Zaina A participated in writing the original draft; All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Carmel Medical Center Institutional Review Board, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, No. CMC-0048-21.
Informed consent statement: Since this study involves retrospective analysis of anonymized data, obtaining informed consent is not applicable.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Data sharing statement: The data supporting this study's findings are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Sameer Kassem, MD, Head, Department of Internal Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Michal 7, Haifa 3436212, Israel. sameerk@technion.ac.il
Received: August 12, 2025
Revised: September 14, 2025
Accepted: October 20, 2025
Published online: November 15, 2025
Processing time: 94 Days and 11.7 Hours
Revised: September 14, 2025
Accepted: October 20, 2025
Published online: November 15, 2025
Processing time: 94 Days and 11.7 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This retrospective study analyzed the effects of switching between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It found that 25.5% of over 70000 patients changed GLP-1RA regimens, with most experiencing significant glycated hemoglobin reductions, from 8.5% to 7.6%. Notably, switching from daily to weekly GLP-1RA was associated with the highest improvement rate (81%), demonstrating that such transitions are a practical and effective alternative to treatment intensification for better glycemic control.