Holistic perspective of the role of gut microbes in diabetes mellitus and its management

Core Tip

Core Tip: The emerging role of the gut microbiome on diabetes development, progression as well as prevention has been discussed in this manuscript. The significance of gut dysbiosis in the aetiopathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and its complications has been reviewed. A bidirectional relationship exists between the antidiabetic drugs and the gut microbiome. Faecal transplantation, and bariatric surgery, typically used to treat morbid obesity, have also been shown to improve commensal gut microbiota changes. Diabetic outcomes and management can improve with better understanding of the drug-gut microbiome interactions. There is emerging evidence pointing out that gut biotics can be an add-on therapy with the antidiabetic management. To our knowledge, there is no evidence about the role of gut microbes of diabetic patients who had pancreatic cell transplantation, as well as the role of gut biotics influencing the management in this group.