Lucke-Wold B, Misra R, Patel TG. Risk factors for low high-density lipoprotein among Asian Indians in the United States. World J Diabetes 2017; 8(6): 297-303 [PMID: 28694930 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v8.i6.297]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Ranjita Misra, PhD, Professor, MPH Program Coordinator, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, West Virginia University School of Public Health, 1500 University Avenue, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States. ramisra@hsc.wvu.edu
Research Domain of This Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Article-Type of This Article
Observational Study
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Lucke-Wold B, Misra R, Patel TG. Risk factors for low high-density lipoprotein among Asian Indians in the United States. World J Diabetes 2017; 8(6): 297-303 [PMID: 28694930 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v8.i6.297]
World J Diabetes. Jun 15, 2017; 8(6): 297-303 Published online Jun 15, 2017. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v8.i6.297
Risk factors for low high-density lipoprotein among Asian Indians in the United States
Brandon Lucke-Wold, Ranjita Misra, Thakor G Patel
Brandon Lucke-Wold, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
Ranjita Misra, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
Thakor G Patel, Uniformed University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to this work, read and approved the final manuscript; Misra R and Patel TG designed the research and completed the data collection; Misra R supervised the project, carried out the data analysis and drafted/edited the manuscript; Lucke-Wold B completed the literature review, created the tables and drafted/edited the manuscript; Patel TG drafted and edited the manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study was approved by the institutional review board of two universities, for data collection and for data analysis (de-identified) for this current manuscript by West Virginia University.
Informed consent statement: Participation was voluntary, and informed consent was obtained from all subjects prior to participation. The study was approved by the institutional review board of Texas AM University. In order to protect anonymity, unique participant codes were created based on initials of first and last name and numbers for each participant.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare they have no conflict of interest.
Data sharing statement: The DIA study used an 18-page survey to assess various constructs and anthropometric and clinical data to assess prevalence and risk for diabetes. Clinical information and demographic questions pertaining to this study are referenced in the paper; details were also provided in the method section. The authors do not wish to share their data in such repositories because of the unique nature of this only large scale population-level data on immigrant Asian Indians in the US. However, the authors are willing to provide additional supporting files (in SPSS) on which the conclusions of the manuscript have been based.
Correspondence to: Ranjita Misra, PhD, Professor, MPH Program Coordinator, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, West Virginia University School of Public Health, 1500 University Avenue, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States. ramisra@hsc.wvu.edu
Telephone: +1-304 2934168 Fax: +1-304 2936685
Received: January 16, 2017 Peer-review started: January 16, 2017 First decision: March 8, 2017 Revised: May 9, 2017 Accepted: May 22, 2017 Article in press: May 24, 2017 Published online: June 15, 2017 Processing time: 149 Days and 17.7 Hours
Abstract
AIM
To examine the differences in metabolic risk factors (RFs) by gender in the Asian Indian (AI) population in the United States.
METHODS
Using cross-sectional data from 1038 randomly selected Asian Indians, we investigated the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) RFs, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.
RESULTS
A greater percent of women in this group had increased waist circumference and low high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels than men, but AI males had increased blood glucose, increased blood pressure, and increased triglycerides compared to females. Those individuals who met the MetS criteria had increased cardiovascular disease. One of the biggest single RFs for cardiovascular disease and diabetes reported in the literature for AIs is low HDL.
CONCLUSION
Our results show that lack of knowledge about diabetes, low physical activity, increased body mass index, and age were the factors most significantly correlated with low HDL in this population. Future studies and prospective trials are needed to further elucidate causes of the MetS and diabetes in AIs.
Core tip: Low high density lipoprotein (HDL) in American Indians is a significant risk factor for the metabolic syndrome. In particular, women with lack of knowledge about diabetes, decreased physical activity, and who have an increased body mass are at increased risk of low HDL.
