Topic Highlight
Copyright ©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Dec 15, 2014; 5(6): 747-755
Published online Dec 15, 2014. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i6.747
Is the present cut-point to define type 2 diabetes appropriate in Latin-Americans?
Patricio López-Jaramillo, Carlos Velandia-Carrillo, Diego Gómez-Arbeláez, Martin Aldana-Campos
Patricio López-Jaramillo, Carlos Velandia-Carrillo, Martin Aldana-Campos, Dirección de Investigaciones, Clínica de Sí­ndrome Metabólico, Prediabetes y Diabetes, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander-FOSCAL, 681004 Floridablanca, Colombia
Patricio López-Jaramillo, Diego Gómez-Arbeláez, Instituto de Investigaciones MASIRA, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Santander-UDES, 680003 Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
Carlos Velandia-Carrillo, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, 680003 Bucaramanga, Colombia
Diego Gómez-Arbeláez, División de Endocrinología, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, España
Author contributions: All the authors equally contributed to this paper.
Correspondence to: Patricio López-Jaramillo, MD, PhD, FACP, Dirección de Investigaciones, Clínica de Síndrome Metabólico, Prediabetes y Diabetes, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander-FOSCAL, Calle 155A N. 23-09, Torre Milton Salazar, Primer piso, El Bosque, 681004 Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia. jplopezj@gmail.com
Telephone: +57-7-6386000 Fax: +57-7-6388108
Received: August 25, 2014
Revised: October 25, 2014
Accepted: November 17, 2014
Published online: December 15, 2014
Processing time: 110 Days and 2.2 Hours
Abstract

The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is based either on increased plasma glucose or Glycated hemoglobin levels. Since these measures are the only means for diagnosis of DM2, they must be well adapted to each population according to their metabolic characteristics, given that these may vary in each population. The World Health Organization (WHO) determined the cut-points of plasma glucose levels for the diagnosis of DM2 by associating hyperglycemia with the risk of a specific microvascular complication-retinopathy. Cardiovascular diseases are however the principal causes of mortality in patients with DM2 and we reported that in the Colombo-Ecuadorian population impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance are both risk markers for myocardial infarction. We propose that the current cut-points accepted by the WHO need to be revaluated in populations such as Latin America and that there should be lower cut points for glycaemia in this population, to reduce the prevalence of cardiovascular complications associated with DM2.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes; Cut-off points; Cardiovascular diseases; Plasma glucose; Coronary disease

Core tip: We propose that the current cut-points to define type 2 diabetes accepted by the World Health Organization need to be revaluated in populations such as the Latin America and that there should be lower cut points for glycaemia in this population, to reduce the prevalence of cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes mellitus type 2.