• BBB
• Drug delivery
• Mental health
• Structural optimization
• Vitamin D

• Vitamin D/administration & dosage
• Vitamin D/metabolism
• Humans
• Mental Disorders/drug therapy
• Mental Disorders/metabolism
• Brain/metabolism
• Brain/drug effects
• Animals
• Drug Delivery Systems/methods
• Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism
• Vitamins/administration & dosage

• Depression
• Joint association
• Mendelian randomization
• Physical activity
• Vitamin D

• Humans
• Female
• Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives
• Vitamin D/blood
• Middle Aged
• Male
• Aged
• Exercise/physiology
• Exercise/psychology
• Mendelian Randomization Analysis
• Prospective Studies
• Longitudinal Studies
• Depression/genetics
• Depression/epidemiology
• Depression/blood
• Genome-Wide Association Study
• Proportional Hazards Models
• Incidence

• NAFLD
• cross-sectional study
• depression
• vitamin D

• Humans
• Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/blood
• Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/complications
• Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/psychology
• Vitamin D/blood
• Male
• Female
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Depression/blood
• Depression/epidemiology
• Depression/complications
• Middle Aged
• Adult
• Nutrition Surveys
• Risk Factors

• BK20241104 The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province
• H2023044 General project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission
• 2024SJYB0588 'Qinglan Project' of Jiangsu University, General Project of "Philosophy and Social Science Research" Funded by Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province
• 22KJB330005 Project of "Natural Science Research" Funded by Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province

• GDS
• Hispanic
• Vitamin D
• aging
• depression
• ethnicity
• geriatric depression scale
• health disparities
• mental health
• subdomains

• Humans
• Female
• Vitamin D Deficiency/epidemiology
• Vitamin D Deficiency/blood
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Depression/epidemiology
• Depression/blood
• Aged
• Health Status Disparities
• Texas/epidemiology
• Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data
• Rural Population/statistics & numerical data
• Vitamin D/blood

• Electrochemical sensor
• fat soluble vitamin
• water soluble vitamin

• Humans
• Water/chemistry
• Vitamins/analysis
• Vitamins/chemistry
• Vitamin A
• Vitamin K

• extraskeletal manifestations
• hypovitaminosis d
• metabolic bone diseases
• public health
• vitamin d deficiency

• molecular medicine
• nanoscience and technology

• Nanopores
• Reproducibility of Results
• Cholecalciferol
• Electrochemical Techniques/methods
• Carbon/chemistry
• Electrodes
• Limit of Detection

• RSP-2023R782 King Saud University

• Mental disorders
• Mental health
• Outdoor activities
• Sleep
• Television screen exposure

• Middle Aged
• Humans
• Aged
• Adult
• Mental Health
• Prospective Studies
• Sedentary Behavior
• Proportional Hazards Models
• Television

• Riyadh
• Saudi Arabia
• anxiety
• depression
• mental health
• psychological burden
• stress
• university students
• vitamin D deficiency

• RSP2023R115 King Saud University

• Post-stroke depression
• antidepressants
• biological factors
• pediction
• preventive treatment

• Humans
• Depression/etiology
• Depression/prevention & control
• Quality of Life
• Risk Factors
• Stroke/drug therapy
• Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use

• American adults
• NHANES
• cross-sectional study
• depression
• serum vitamin D

• 2021YFS0022 West China of hospital, Sichuan university

• 25 (OH) D concentration
• Depression
• Prediabetes
• Vitamin D deficiency

• Adult
• Male
• Female
• Humans
• Prediabetic State
• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Depression/epidemiology
• Depression/etiology
• Vitamin D
• Vitamin D Deficiency

• bipolar disorder
• calcium metabolism
• chronobiology
• chronotype
• circadian rhythm
• parathormon
• sleep
• vitamin D

• Beck depression inventory
• Tyrosine hydroxylase and depression
• Vitamin D

There have been several controversies about the correlation between vitamin D and depression. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D supplementation and the incidence and prognosis of depression and to analyze the latent effects of subgroups including population and supplement strategy.

A systematic search for articles before July 2021 in databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) was conducted to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence and prognosis of depression.

This meta-analysis included 29 studies with 4,504 participants, indicating that the use of vitamin D was beneficial to a decline in the incidence of depression (SMD: −0.23) and improvement of depression treatment (SMD: −0.92). Subgroup analysis revealed that people with low vitamin D levels (<50 nmol/L) and females could notably benefit from vitamin D in both prevention and treatment of depression. The effects of vitamin D with a daily supplementary dose of >2,800 IU and intervention duration of ≥8 weeks were considered significant in both prevention and treatment analyses. Intervention duration ≤8 weeks was recognized as effective in the treatment group.

Our results demonstrate that vitamin D has a beneficial impact on both the incidence and the prognosis of depression. Whether suffering from depression or not, individuals with low vitamin D levels, dose >2,800 IU, intervention duration ≥8 weeks, and all females are most likely to benefit from vitamin D supplementation.

• Depression/drug therapy
• Depression/epidemiology
• Dietary Supplements
• Female
• Humans
• Incidence
• Prognosis
• Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
• Vitamin D/therapeutic use
• Vitamins/therapeutic use

• affective disorders
• parathyroid hormone
• psychiatric relapses
• psychotic disorders
• vitamin D deficiency

• NHANES
• National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
• United States
• breast cancer
• cancer
• postmenopausal women
• serum 25(OH)D
• vitamin D

• Anxiety
• BDNF
• Depression
• Offspring
• VDR
• Vitamin D deficiency
• Vitamin D supplementation
• inflammation

The co-existence of overweight or obesity with concurrent deficiency of one or more nutrients is referred to as double burden of malnutrition (DBM), and numerous mental health impairments have been associated with a variety of nutrient deficiencies. Although DBM is relevant for several health outcomes, the ubiquitous involvement of vitamin D across multiple systems and tissues suggests D insufficiency as a viable target for nutritional modification. The present study aimed to evaluate the contribution of DBM and mental health among adult women. Study participants included 300 women, aged 18–59 years, who presented to one of the 25 health centres in Tehran. Participants with a body mass index (BMI) of greater than 25 kg/m² and a plasma concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] of >20 ng/ml were considered to have DBM. The 147-item food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate their dietary intake. Mental health status was assessed using the depression, anxiety and stress scales-21 (DASS-21). The mean ± standard deviation age, weight and BMI of the participants were 36⋅49 ± 8⋅38, 80⋅89 ± 12⋅45 kg and 31⋅04 ± 4⋅31 kg/m², respectively. DBM was significantly associated with stress, after adjusting for potential confounders, including age, energy and marital status in model 1 (OR = 1⋅28, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1⋅00, 1⋅65, P < 0⋅04) v. the crude model (OR = 1⋅22; 95 % CI 0⋅96, 1⋅55, P = 0⋅09). No significant association was seen among DBM and DASS-21 outcomes. In this cross-sectional study, stress and DBM were significantly associated. While vitamin D insufficiency was associated with mental health and obesity in opposing directions. Elucidation of whether vitamin D supplementation can improve mental health impairments requires further evaluation.

• Anxiety
• Sleep quality
• VDBP,depression
• Vitamin D
• Vitamin D binding protein

• Cross-Sectional Studies
• Female
• Humans
• Iran/epidemiology
• Mental Health
• Obesity
• Overweight
• Vitamin D
• Vitamin D-Binding Protein/blood

• Beta cell function
• Diabetes mellitus
• Glucose metabolism
• Insulin sensitivity
• Vitamin D

The new coronavirus (COVID-19) has emerged now in the world as a pandemic. The SARS-CoV-2 infection causes variant common symptoms, such as dry cough, tiredness, dyspnea, fever, myalgia, chills, headache, chest pain, and conjunctivitis. Different organs may be affected by COVID-19, such as the respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and CNS. However, the information about the COVID-19 infection in the CNS is insufficient. We do know that the virus can enter the central nervous system (CNS) via different routes, causing symptoms such as dizziness, headache, seizures, loss of consciousness, and depression. Depression is the most common disorder among all neurological symptoms following COVID-19 infection, although the mechanism of COVID-19-induced depression is not yet clear.

The aim of the present study is to investigate the probable mechanisms of COVID-19-induced depression.

The reasons for depression in infected patients may be due to social and pathological factors including social quarantine, economic problems, stress, changes in the HPA axis, inflammation due to the entry of proinflammatory cytokines into the CNS, production of inflammatory cytokines by microglia, mitochondrial disorders, damage to the hippocampus, and malnutrition.

By evaluating different factors involved in COVID-19-induced depression, we have concluded that depression can be minimized by controlling stress, preventing the cytokine storm with appropriate anti-inflammatory drugs, and proper nutrition.

• COVID-19
• Depression
• Stress

Depression is the most prevalent psychological issue after a spinal cord injury (SCI) and is associated with noticeable disability, mortality and health expenditure. As SCI mainly occurs in sexually active men at a young age, and can lead to them suffering from an organic neurogenic erectile dysfunction (ED), we supposed that ED could be a major correlate of depressive status in men with SCI. As documented by a Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) score ≥14, depression was reported in 17 out of 57 men with a chronic SCI (29.8%). They exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of ED and a more severe bowel and bladder dysfunction when compared to the group without depression. At the multiple logistic regression analysis, depression showed a significant independent association with ED (OR = 19.0, 95% CI: 3.1, 203.3; p = 0.004) and, to a lesser extent, with a severe impairment of bowel and bladder function (OR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.94; p = 0.01). Depression was observed in 43.7% of men with ED and only in 12.0% of those without ED (p = 0.002). In conclusion, healthcare providers should give the right level of importance to the management of ED in men with SCI, as this represents a major independent correlate of depression, which, in turn, might hinder physical rehabilitation and exacerbate physical health issues related to SCI.

• impotence
• mood disorders
• paraplegia
• psychological health
• quadriplegia
• sexual dysfunction

Inadequate vitamin D levels have been associated with increased risk of depression. However, most of these studies are cross-sectional and failed to investigate the effect of changes in vitamin D levels. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal association of changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with depressive symptoms in 3365 participants of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a large nationally-representative study of older adults. Based on their vitamin D levels at baseline and follow-up (sufficient ≥ 50 nmol/L; insufficient < 50 nmol/L), participants were classified as follows: with sufficient levels at both waves; with sufficient levels at baseline but not at follow-up; with insufficient levels at baseline but ≥ 50 nmol/L at follow-up; and with levels < 50 nmol/L at each time point. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 8-point CES-D scale. Data were analysed using logistic regression models. Compared with those with sufficient levels of vitamin D at both waves, only those with insufficient levels throughout were more likely to report elevated depressive symptoms (OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.00–1.93). Becoming or no longer being vitamin D deficient was, in the short term, not associated with elevated depressive symptoms. Further evidence is required on whether vitamin D supplementation might contribute to the prevention or treatment of depression as well as on the duration of time for changes in vitamin D levels to lead to detectable changes in depressive symptoms.

• L-acetylcarnitine
• adjunctive therapy
• antidepressants
• depression
• inflammation
• nutritional deficiencies

• Adult
• Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use
• Combined Modality Therapy
• Depressive Disorder, Major/therapy
• Dietary Supplements
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Mood Disorders/therapy
• Nutrition Therapy/methods
• Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
• Trace Elements/therapeutic use
• Vitamins/therapeutic use

• institutionalization
• long-term hospitalization
• psychiatry
• vitamin D deficiency

• UL1 TR002494 NCATS NIH HHS

Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a novel biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases. It is detectable in the peripheral blood, allowing low-invasive assessment of early signs of neurodegeneration. The level of NfL gradually increases with age; however, what other factors affect it remains unclear. The present study examined the association between blood NfL level and renal function among healthy participants undergoing a health check (n = 43, serum NfL) and patients with diabetes mellitus (n = 188, plasma NfL). All participants were 60 years of age or older; none were diagnosed with dementia. In each group, levels of blood NfL and serum creatinine significantly correlated (coefficient r = 0.50, 0.56). These associations remained statistically significant even after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index. These findings indicate that blood NfL level might be partially affected by renal function. We recommend measuring renal function for a more precise evaluation of neuroaxonal damage, in particular, among older adults.

• 25(OH)D
• Bioavailable vitamin D
• Free vitamin D
• Postpartum depression
• Vitamin D
• Vitamin D Binding Protein

• Melatonin
• Mood
• Serotonin
• Sleep
• Vitamin D

• Anxiety
• Vitamin D
• circadian clock
• postpartum depression
• sleep disorders

Hypovitaminosis D has been linked to several non-bone diseases. Relation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and lung function and lung diseases has received little attention at the global level. Cross-sectional data from three National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2007–2008, 2009–2010, and 2011–2012 were used to investigate the relationship between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and lung function makers [forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)] and lung diseases (asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis) with multivariate regression models (n = 11,983; men, 6,010; women, 5,973). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were directly associated with FVC and FEV1 (P for trend < 0.01). Individuals in the 4th quartile serum 25(OH)D had significantly higher FVC and FEV1 compared to those in the 1st quartile (P < 0.01). When data were stratified based on gender and smoking status, we found similar associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and lung function markers. There was no relation between serum 25(OH)D and prevalence of asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema in US adults. Serum 25(OH)D concentration is associated with improved lung function markers but not with the prevalence of asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis. Controlled studies are needed to determine if the vitamin D supplementation improves lung function in adults and in smokers.

Women experience more stress in middle age than in other life stages, and health in middle age is vital, because it influences the quality of life in old age. In this study, the effects of a forest therapy program on physiological changes in 53 middle-aged women (divided into two groups) who lived in the city were examined. One group participated in a three-day program in the forest, followed by three days in the city; the other group participated in a three-day program in the city, followed by three days in the forest. Forest experiments were conducted in a “healing forest,” and urban experiments were conducted near a university campus. Blood tests were performed to evaluate the physiological effects of forest therapy. Differences in serotonin levels and vitamin D levels were verified before and after the forest (experimental group) and urban (control group) programs through paired t-tests. Statistically significant increases in serotonin levels were noted for participants in the forest program; vitamin D levels also increased, but not by statistically significant values. The findings of this study verify that forest therapy programs promote health among middle-aged women, and may prevent disease and improve quality of life.

• forest therapy
• health promotion
• middle-aged women
• serotonin
• vitamin D

We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to explore whether vitamin D supplementation is beneficial for symptom improvement in children with autism spectrum disorder.

We systematically searched the PubMed database, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Sino-Med, Wanfang Data, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure mainly up to September 2019. Using a fixed effects model, we calculated the standard mean difference with 95% confidence interval. Furthermore, we analyzed baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and outcome scores including the Social Responsiveness Scale and Child Autism Rating Scale scores after vitamin D supplementation.

There was no significant difference in baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels among 203 children included from three studies in the meta-analysis. After vitamin D supplementation, the outcome scores in the experimental group were dramatically elevated compared with those in the control group (p = 0.03).

Vitamin D supplementation improves the typical symptoms of autism spectrum disorder, as indicated by reduced Social Responsiveness Scale and Child Autism Rating Scale scores; thus, it is beneficial for children with autism spectrum disorder.

• Autism spectrum disorder
• Children
• Meta-analysis.
• Vitamin D

• Anxiety
• Calcium
• Chest pain
• Vitamin D

• National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
• USA
• cardiometabolic diseases
• cardiorespiratory fitness
• diabetes
• metabolic syndrome
• vitamin D

The measurement of vitamin D nutritional status through dietary assessment is cost effective. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is usually validated against food records (FR). There is no vitamin D-specific FFQ for Qatar population. The objective of this study was to develop a vitamin D-centric FFQ and validate FFQ against three-day FR for Qatar population. A quantitative FFQ based on vitamin D containing foods consumed in Qatar was developed. Vitamin D contents of foods were gathered from food labels and food composition tables from the United States Department of Agriculture. A vitamin D content database was developed for this study purpose. Dietary intakes while using FFQ and three-day FR were collected from 62 women. Vitamin D intakes from FFQ and three-day FR were validated with quartile comparison and Bland-Altman (BA) tests. BA plot showed an agreement between FFQ and three-day FR vitamin D intakes. The BA index was 3.23%, which is <5%, a commonly used standard for validation. Quartile correlation showed that ≈73% of subjects were within the same or adjacent quartile. In conclusion, an agreement was found between vitamin D intakes from FFQ and three-day FR in Qatari women. More studies are needed to validate the vitamin D-specific FFQ in Qatari population at large.

• FFQ
• Qatar
• food frequency questionnaire
• food records
• validation
• vitamin D

• Depression
• immune system
• inflammation
• psychiatry
• vitamin D

• Depression
• Dietary pattern
• Magnesium
• Mediatory analysis
• Total antioxidant capacity
• Vitamin D
• Zinc

• environmental exposure
• genotype analysis
• multiple chemical sensitivity
• olfactory disorder
• quality of life
• xenobiotics detoxification

• Adult
• Alleles
• Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics
• Environmental Exposure
• Female
• Gene Frequency
• Genotype
• Glutathione Transferase/genetics
• Humans
• Inactivation, Metabolic
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Multiple Chemical Sensitivity/genetics
• Multiple Chemical Sensitivity/pathology
• Polymorphism, Genetic
• Quality of Life
• Regression Analysis
• Superoxide Dismutase/genetics

Stressors inherent to the military, such as combat exposure, separation from family, and strenuous training, collectively contribute to compromised psychological resilience and greatly impact military performance.

This retrospective review of records was conducted to determine whether vitamin D status was associated with diagnoses of depression and if diagnoses differed by geographic location.

Depression (defined using diagnostic codes) was more prevalent in individuals who were diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency (20.4%) than in individuals who were not (4.2%). After adjustment, vitamin D deficient diagnoses remained significantly associated with depression diagnoses (OR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.11–1.33, p < 0.001). Furthermore, vitamin D deficient diagnoses were strongly associated with geographic latitude (r² = 0.92, p = 0.002).

These results suggest that service members stationed at installations located at northerly latitudes may be at increased risk for vitamin D deficiency. Furthermore, vitamin D deficient service members may be at higher risk for diagnosis of depression. As a number of military service members avoid reporting symptoms or seeking treatment, vitamin D status may be a useful screening tool to identify service members at risk for depression.

• Depression
• Latitude
• Service members
• Vitamin D
• Vitamin D deficiency

• Depression
• Double-blind method
• Drug therapy
• Randomised controlled trial
• Vitamin D deficiency

• Nuclear steroid receptors
• Pheromones
• Steroid binding globulins
• Vitamin D
• Vomeronasal organ

• Animals
• Brain/metabolism
• Olfactory Bulb/metabolism
• Steroids/metabolism
• Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives
• Vitamin D/metabolism
• Vomeronasal Organ/metabolism

• bipolar
• deficiency
• depression
• inadequacy
• mental
• mood
• psychiatric
• vitamin D