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Alves LSM, Munduri JM, Lacerda I, Reis LG, da Silva JR, Stefani CM, Guimarães MDCM, Alves LS, Baraldi S, Dame-Teixeira N. Macronutrient consumption in adults and association with oral and systemic parameters: A cross-sectional study. Arch Oral Biol 2025; 174:106241. [PMID: 40158301 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2025.106241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2024] [Revised: 01/06/2025] [Accepted: 03/19/2025] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral conditions, such as tooth loss and changes in taste perception, can affect the consumption of dietary macronutrients. Our aim was to study systemic and oral alterations associated with inadequate consumption of macronutrients in adults and elderly with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). DESIGN This cross-sectional study included 170 individuals. Sociodemographic variables and clinical parameters were collected, such as weight status, waist circumference risk, T2D, smoking history, presence of removable dentures, worsening taste, among others. Outcomes included intakes of carbohydrates, lipids, fibers, and proteins. Poisson regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Individuals reporting a worsening in taste perception were nearly four times more likely to have a high carbohydrate intake (PR=3.84; 95 % CI: 1.36-10.83). Saliva flow rate was significantly associated with increased lipid intake (PR=0.21; 95 % CI: 0.05-0.89). The presence of removable dentures in both arches (PR=1.40; 95 % CI: 1.07-1.81) and high cardiovascular risk (based on waist circumference) (PR=1.86; 95 % CI: 1.06-3.26) were associated with a higher prevalence of low fiber intake. These associations with fiber were influenced by saliva flow rate. Individuals aged ≥ 60 years (PR=1.12; 95 % CI: 1.00-1.24), using removable dentures in one arch (PR=1.23; 95 % CI: 1.04-1.46) or both arches (PR=1.22; 95 % CI: 1.04-1.45) had a higher prevalence of inadequate protein intake. CONCLUSIONS Demographic factors, systemic and oral conditions were significantly associated with inadequate macronutrient intake, highlighting the essential contribution of dentistry to addressing broader systemic health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Júlia Maria Munduri
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Israel Lacerda
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Letícia Gonçalves Reis
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Cristine Miron Stefani
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Severo Alves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Solange Baraldi
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Naile Dame-Teixeira
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.
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West K, Saunders J, Slack-Smith L. Integrating Dental Professionals Into Aged Care With Focus on Australia: A Scoping Review. Gerodontology 2025; 42:147-164. [PMID: 39800348 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarise the current evidence on the involvement of dental hygienists (DHs) in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) with respect to the feasibility of integration improved oral health for residents with dementia and multidisciplinary collaboration. BACKGROUND The oral health of RACF residents with dementia is reported to be poor. However, little is known about how DHs can be integrated into RACFs to improve oral health, particularly as part of a multidisciplinary team. METHOD A scoping review was undertaken in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) method. Multiple databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles and grey literature that included a DH working in a RACF with dementia patients, or as part of a multidisciplinary team. Data were charted using a modified version of the JBI source of evidence template. RESULTS Fifty-eight studies were identified for inclusion. Integration strategies were categorised as support-focused or service-focused, but there was little evaluation of their feasibility. Five key facilitators to multidisciplinary collaboration were identified: using multiple strategies; clearly defining roles; changes to existing administrative systems; fostering multidisciplinary collaboration skills; and encouraging innovation. However, no examples of collaboration within RACFs were identified. CONCLUSION There has been limited effort in multidisciplinary collaboration or integration of DHs into RACFs with some evidence that both support-focused and service-focused strategies can improve the oral health of residents with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey West
- School of Population and Global Health, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Julie Saunders
- School of Population and Global Health, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Linda Slack-Smith
- School of Population and Global Health, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Hua X, Li J, Hu R, Zhang X. Joint association between tobacco smoke exposure and periodontitis and glycemic status. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2025; 16:1539955. [PMID: 40260278 PMCID: PMC12010096 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1539955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2025] [Indexed: 04/23/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective Both tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) and periodontitis were independently associated with glycemic status. However, studies focusing on the co-exposure and relative contributions of TSE and periodontitis to glycemic status are rare. This study intended to examine the joint and mutual associations between TSE and periodontitis and glycemic status among American adults. Methods Data were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2009-2014). Weighted logistic regression models were used to calculate their odds ratio (OR) and corresponding confidence interval (95% CI) with adjustments for confounding factors in the multivariate analysis that assessed the joint and mutual association between TSE and periodontitis and prediabetes and diabetes mellitus (DM). Results TSE and periodontitis were shown to be independently associated with prediabetes, and a positive association between periodontitis and DM was observed. Significant associations between both DM and prediabetes and the joint effect of periodontitis and TSE were detected. Moreover, a positive association between periodontitis and the risk of prediabetes and DM was observed in both active and passive smokers. Among the participants with TSE, a significantly higher risk of prediabetes or DM was found in those with moderate or severe periodontitis. Conclusions TSE and periodontitis synergistically increased the risk of incident DM or prediabetes, and the deleterious effect of periodontitis on glycemic control could be reduced by smoking abstinence. The findings highlight the importance of avoiding constant exposure to tobacco smoke or quitting smoking for the management of the glycemic status of patients with moderate or severe periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguo Hua
- Office of Medical Insurance Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiong Li
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Clinical Teaching Management, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiujun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Harada Y, Giri P, Prajapati D, Sakamoto H, Sugishita T, Rawal L. Engaging community health workers to promote oral health for people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Nepal: a qualitative study. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2025; 26:89. [PMID: 40158083 PMCID: PMC11954228 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-025-02711-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are likely to develop oral health problems, and vice versa. The burden of oral health and T2DM is increasing, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Access to oral health care remains a challenge in many countries, including Nepal. This study examined the challenges and opportunities for engaging community health workers (CHWs) in promoting oral health care among people with T2DM in Nepal. METHODS This study used a qualitative research design using key informant interviews (KIIs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs) responding to open ended questions. Data were collected from health facilities across two districts, Kavrepalanchowk and Kathmandu. The IDIs were conducted with CHWs, including health assistants (n = 7) and community medical assistants (n = 4) from rural and semi-urban areas, while the KIIs were conducted with policy makers and health managers at central level (n = 7). Data was analysed thematically. RESULTS The participants highlighted the importance and need for providing integrated oral health services at the primary care level. However, they pointed the challenges including (i) lack of policies, guidelines and provision of oral health care, especially for people with T2DM, (ii) lack of capacity on oral health among the CHWs, and (iv) inadequate resources and supplies at primary health care settings. These gaps presented opportunities to develop targeted policies and CHW training by ensuring continuous supervision and appropriate incentivisation, facilitating the integration of oral health care at primary health care level in Nepal. CONCLUSIONS The findings of study highlight the potential for engaging CHWs to deliver oral health services for people with T2DM at the primary health care level in Nepal. Strengthening the health system and building capacity of CHWs, along with continued supervision, incentivisation and supply of adequate resources could facilitate the integration of oral health services into primary health care settings in Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Harada
- Section of Global Health, Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 162-8666, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Prapti Giri
- Department of Public Health and Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Dilip Prajapati
- Department of Community and Public Health Dentistry, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Haruka Sakamoto
- Section of Global Health, Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 162-8666, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Sugishita
- Section of Global Health, Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 162-8666, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lal Rawal
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, College of Science and Sustainability, Central Queensland University, Sydney campus, Australia
- Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Queensland, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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Gu Y, Golub LM, Lee HM, Walker SG. Diabetes, periodontal disease, and novel therapeutic approaches- host modulation therapy. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2025; 6:1529086. [PMID: 40099283 PMCID: PMC11911344 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1529086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a much-studied disorder, characterized by hyperglycemia and numerous oral and medical complications. The latter includes (above all) decreased life-span - and these are widely discussed in the dental and medical literature. The oral complications include impaired wound healing; increased severity of periodontal disease and peri-implantitis; dry mouth (xerostomia); and dental caries. The relationship between diabetes and oral health is bi-directional: Optimal management of local oral disease can profoundly affect the systemic metabolic control of the diabetic patient, and strict management of the patient's hyperglycemia can reduce its impact on oral disease. The only host modulation therapy (HMT), approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat periodontal disease, is a novel NON-antimicrobial (low-dose) formulation of doxycycline (Periostat®; 20 mg b.i.d). A publication in Scientific Reports (2017), which supported the clinical rationale of efficacy and safety of low-dose doxycycline in diabetics, stated: "doxycycline not only ameliorated insulin resistance, fasting blood glucose, and insulin levels, and lipid profiles in the circulation and liver, but also improved islet morphology and increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion." Additional developments include the biphenolic chemically-modified curcumins, as HMT for managing oral diseases. A lead compound, chemically-modified curcumin 2.24 (CMC2.24), has demonstrated safety and efficacy in vitro, in cell culture, and in vivo using mouse, rat, rabbit, and dog models of disease. In conclusion, novel host-modulation compounds have shown significant promise as adjuncts to traditional local therapy in the clinical management of periodontal and other oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gu
- Department of General Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Lorne M Golub
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Hsi-Ming Lee
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Stephen G Walker
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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Lei P, Yu H, Jiang T, Ma J, Du J, Fang Y, Wang H, Chen R, Yang Q, Cheng Y, Wu W, Sun D. Development of a sodium hyaluronate-enriched therapeutic formulation with stevia glycoside and mogroside V for the comprehensive management of diabetes and its complications. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 293:139487. [PMID: 39756763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.139487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2024] [Revised: 12/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2025] [Indexed: 01/07/2025]
Abstract
Diabetes prevalence continues to increase as a result of people's increasing sugar intake. Diabetes mellitus and its complications (dry skin, constipation, depression, and dental caries), as well as the prohibition of sweets ingestion, seriously affect patients' physical and mental health. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a long-term food for special medical purposes (FSMP) that aids in managing diabetes and its complications. To ensure effective biomedical function and taste, we developed a FSMP beverage formulation containing stevia glycoside, mogroside V, and sodium hyaluronate (SMH-B), each at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL. Meanwhile, this study verified that SMH-B is an environmentally friendly and biocompatible formulation. Furthermore, both in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that SMH-B significantly lowers blood glucose and lipid levels, enhances skin moisture and elasticity, prevents dental caries, alleviates constipation, reduces oxidative stress, and mitigates depressive symptoms. Notably, the SMH-B compound formula exhibits a more effective adjuvant therapeutic effect compared to single-ingredient formulation composed of stevia glycosides, mogroside V, and sodium hyaluronate. Moreover, SMH-B provides the sweetness desired by diabetic patients without affecting blood glucose levels, while also offering an auxiliary therapeutic role, making it a potential FSMP for diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Lei
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jiahui Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jiao Du
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yimeng Fang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hanbing Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Rongbing Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Qinsi Yang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yongwei Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Cell Growth Factor Drugs and Protein Biologics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; MedTech (Wenzhou) Health Innovation Achievement Transformation Institute, Wenzhou Institute of Industry & Science, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Da Sun
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Harris M, Sreekumar S, Paul B, Ramanarayanan V, Nayar S, Subash P, Mathew A. Biomarkers in orofacial pain conditions: A narrative review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2025; 15:365-382. [PMID: 40034372 PMCID: PMC11875180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2025.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2024] [Revised: 01/16/2025] [Accepted: 01/30/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025] Open
Abstract
Orofacial pain conditions, including temporomandibular disorder, migraine, dental pain, and trigeminal neuralgia, are complex, multifactorial disorders with significant impacts on patients' quality of life. As understanding of the pathophysiology of these conditions has deepened, the role of molecular and genetic biomarkers in diagnosing, monitoring, and potentially treating orofacial pain has garnered increasing interest. This scoping review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on biomarkers associated with orofacial pain conditions. By analyzing existing literature, we identify key biomarkers linked to inflammation, neural activity, and tissue degradation that are common across multiple conditions, as well as those specific to particular disorders. Our findings underscore the potential of these biomarkers to guide the development of personalized therapeutic strategies. However, the review also highlights the challenges faced by current biomarker research, including heterogeneity in study designs, small sample sizes, and a lack of longitudinal data. Addressing these challenges is critical for translating biomarker research into clinical practice and improving outcomes for patients with orofacial pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervin Harris
- Department of Prosthodontics, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Saranya Sreekumar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
- Core Staff Member – Amrita Center for Evidence-based Oral Health, India
| | - Bindhu Paul
- Amrita School of Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Venkitachalam Ramanarayanan
- Core Staff Member – Amrita Center for Evidence-based Oral Health, India
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
| | - Suresh Nayar
- University of Alberta – Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Pramod Subash
- Department of Cleft & Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Anil Mathew
- Department of Prosthodontics, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
- Core Staff Member – Amrita Center for Evidence-based Oral Health, India
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Fujinami Y, Saito M, Ono Y, Akashi M, Inoue S, Kotani J. Malocclusion Worsens Survival Following Sepsis Due to the Disruption of Innate and Acquired Immunity. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:1894. [PMID: 40076520 PMCID: PMC11899844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26051894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2025] [Revised: 02/18/2025] [Accepted: 02/19/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe condition with high mortality, in which immune dysfunction plays a critical role. Poor oral health has been linked to frailty, but its impact on sepsis outcomes remains unclear. Therefore, we used a mouse model of malocclusion and sepsis to investigate how tooth loss affects immune responses during sepsis. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: Control, Malocclusion (Mal), Sepsis (CS), and Malocclusion with Sepsis (Mal + CS). Malocclusion was induced by tooth extraction, and sepsis was induced using cecal slurry injection. We assessed survival rates, immune cell counts, and biochemical markers. The Mal + CS group exhibited significantly lower survival rates and greater weight loss compared to the CS group. The flow cytometry showed reduced neutrophils, monocytes, and T cells in the Mal + CS group. Elevated ALT and AST levels indicated liver damage. No significant differences in bacterial loads were observed, but immune suppression was exacerbated in the Mal + CS group. Malocclusion worsens sepsis outcomes by impairing both innate and adaptive immune responses. These findings emphasize the importance of oral health in improving sepsis prognosis and immune function during critical illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Fujinami
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kakogawa Central City Hospital, Hyogo 675-8611, Japan
- Department of Disaster and Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; (Y.O.); (S.I.); (J.K.)
| | - Masafumi Saito
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 359-8513, Japan;
| | - Yuko Ono
- Department of Disaster and Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; (Y.O.); (S.I.); (J.K.)
| | - Masaya Akashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0047, Japan;
| | - Shigeaki Inoue
- Department of Disaster and Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; (Y.O.); (S.I.); (J.K.)
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan
| | - Joji Kotani
- Department of Disaster and Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; (Y.O.); (S.I.); (J.K.)
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Kajiwara K, Tamaoki S, Sawa Y. The Abnormal Expression of Tubular SGLT2 and GULT2 in Diabetes Model Mice with Malocclusion-Induced Hyperglycemia. Biomedicines 2025; 13:267. [PMID: 40002681 PMCID: PMC11853642 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines13020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 01/15/2025] [Accepted: 01/16/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: A relationship between malocclusion and the promotion of diabetes has been suggested. In hyperglycemia, the expression of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) and the facilitative glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) is upregulated in proximal tubular cells, leading to an increase in renal glucose reabsorption. The present study aimed to investigate whether malocclusion contributes to diabetic exacerbation. Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice with malocclusion due to cutting molars were investigated based on increased blood glucose levels. PCR and immunohistochemical analyses were performed on diabetic mice kidneys to investigate the expression of SGLT2 and GLUT2. Results: Animal experiments were performed using 32 mice for 21 days. The time to reach a diabetic condition in STZ-administered mice was shorter with malocclusion than without malocclusion. The increase and mean blood glucose levels in STZ-administered mice were steeper and higher with malocclusion than without malocclusion. Urea albumin, BUN, and CRE levels were higher in diabetic mice with malocclusion than in diabetic mice without. Immunoreaction with anti-SGLT2 and anti-GLUT2 in the renal tissue of STZ-administered mice was stronger with malocclusion than without malocclusion. The amounts of SGLT2 and GLUT2 mRNA in the renal tissue in STZ-administered mice were higher with malocclusion than without malocclusion. The amounts of TNF-a and IL-6 mRNA in the large intestinal tissue in STZ-administered mice were higher with malocclusion than without malocclusion. Conclusions: Our results indicate that malocclusion accelerates the tubular expression of SGLT2 and GLUT2 under hyperglycemia. Malocclusion may be a diabetes-exacerbating factor with increased poor glycemic control due to shortened occlusion time resulting from swallowing food without chewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Kajiwara
- Department of Oral Growth & Development, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; (K.K.); (S.T.)
| | - Sachio Tamaoki
- Department of Oral Growth & Development, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; (K.K.); (S.T.)
| | - Yoshihiko Sawa
- Department of Oral Function & Anatomy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0914, Japan
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Samodova D, Stankevic E, Søndergaard MS, Hu N, Ahluwalia TS, Witte DR, Belstrøm D, Lubberding AF, Jagtap PD, Hansen T, Deshmukh AS. Salivary proteomics and metaproteomics identifies distinct molecular and taxonomic signatures of type-2 diabetes. MICROBIOME 2025; 13:5. [PMID: 39794871 PMCID: PMC11720885 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01997-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saliva is a protein-rich body fluid for noninvasive discovery of biomolecules, containing both human and microbial components, associated with various chronic diseases. Type-2 diabetes (T2D) imposes a significant health and socio-economic burden. Prior research on T2D salivary microbiome utilized methods such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, 16S rRNA sequencing, and low-throughput proteomics. RESULTS We conducted ultrafast, in-depth MS-based proteomic and metaproteomic profiling of saliva from 15 newly diagnosed T2D individuals and 15 age-/BMI-matched healthy controls (HC). Using state-of-the-art proteomics, over 4500 human and bacterial proteins were identified in a single 21-min run. Bioinformatic analysis revealed host signatures of altered immune-, lipid-, and glucose-metabolism regulatory systems, increased oxidative stress, and possible precancerous changes in T2D saliva. Abundance of peptides for bacterial genera such as Neisseria and Corynebacterium were altered showing biomarker potential, offering insights into disease pathophysiology and microbial applications for T2D management. CONCLUSIONS This study presents a comprehensive mapping of salivary proteins and microbial communities, serving as a foundational resource for enhancing understanding of T2D pathophysiology. The identified biomarkers hold promise for advancing diagnostics and therapeutic approaches in T2D and its associated long-term complication Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Samodova
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Evelina Stankevic
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | | | - Naiyu Hu
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Tarunveer S Ahluwalia
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, Herlev, 2730, Denmark
- Department of Biology, The Bioinformatics Center, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, Building 1260, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens, Boulevard 11, Entrance A, Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
| | - Daniel Belstrøm
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 20, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | | | - Pratik D Jagtap
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 420 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
| | - Atul S Deshmukh
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
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11
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Mayta-Mayorga M, Guerra-Rodríguez V, Bernabe-Ortiz A. Association between type 2 diabetes and periodontitis: a population-based study in the North Peru. Wellcome Open Res 2024; 9:562. [PMID: 39588166 PMCID: PMC11586918 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23036.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2024] [Indexed: 11/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis, one of the most common forms of periodontal disease, has been linked to several cardiovascular factors including metabolic syndrome and inflammatory processes. This study aimed to determine the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis in a representative sample of individuals in the north of Peru. Materials and methods Secondary data analysis using information of a population-based survey, enrolling subjects aged 35 to 69 years. The outcome was periodontitis, evaluated using a self-reported and validated 8-item questionnaire (≥5 points compatible with severe periodontitis compared to those without severe periodontitis), whereas the exposure was the presence of T2DM, evaluated using results of oral glucose tolerance test and categorized into two different forms: (a) normoglycemic, prediabetes, and T2DM, and (b) without T2DM, with T2DM and <5 years of diagnosis, and with T2DM and ≥5 years of diagnosis. Poisson regression models were utilized to report prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results Data from 1606 individuals were analyzed, with a mean age of 48.2 (SD: 10.6) years, and 50.3% were women. Of these, 272 (16.9%) had prediabetes and 176 (11.0%) had T2DM (71.6% with <5 years of disease). Overall, 97.0% presented at least one symptom compatible with periodontitis, 882 (55.0%) had mild, 643 (40.0%) had moderate, and 5% had severe periodontitis. In multivariable model, those with T2DM had a higher prevalence of severe periodontitis (PR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.12 - 3.54). Similarly, those with <5 years of disease had a higher prevalence of severe periodontitis (PR = 2.48; 95% CI: 1.38 - 4.46). Conclusions Our research confirms the association between T2DM and severe periodontitis, especially among those with recent diagnosis (<5 years). Symptoms of periodontitis are quite common in our study population. Our results suggest a need to periodically assess oral health in patients with T2DM.
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12
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Elani HW, Sommers BD, Yuan D, Kawachi I, Rosenthal MB, Tipirneni R. Dental Coverage and Care When Transitioning From Medicaid to Medicare. JAMA HEALTH FORUM 2024; 5:e244165. [PMID: 39576614 PMCID: PMC11584926 DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 11/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Millions of adults with low incomes lose Medicaid eligibility when transitioning to Medicare at age 65 years. However, it remains unclear how this transition is associated with dental care. Objective To examine the consequences of transitions from Medicaid to Medicare on coverage and use of dental services. Design, Setting, and Participants Cross-sectional data from the Health and Retirement Study from 2014 to 2020 and a regression discontinuity design were used to compare changes in outcomes before and after turning age 65 years among a population likely to be Medicaid-eligible before age 65 years. The sample included adults aged 50 to 90 years who had not attended college in 28 states. Exposure Transitions from Medicaid to Medicare at age 65 years. Main Outcomes and Measures Health insurance (Medicaid, Medicare, dual coverage, private, and uninsurance), dental coverage (Medicaid, Medicare, private, or none), and having a dental visit and out-of-pocket dental spending during the previous 2 years. Results Of the 15 837 study participants, 9510 (56.2% weighted) were female, 6984 (28.7% weighted) were Black individuals, Hispanic individuals, and individuals of other race (including American Indian, Alaskan Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander individuals), and 8853 (71.3% weighted) were White; the mean (SD) age was 69.2 (10.3) years. Turning age 65 years was associated with an increase in Medicare coverage in states with Medicaid dental benefits (66.5 percentage points [pp]; 95% CI, 58.3-74.7) and those without dental benefits (67.8 pp; 95% CI, 52.6-83.0). There was a concurrent reduction in private coverage, Medicaid, and uninsured rates. For dental outcomes, in states providing Medicaid dental benefits, turning age 65 years was associated with a 13.1-pp decrease in the likelihood of dental coverage (95% CI, 10.7-15.5), largely due to the loss of Medicaid dental coverage. Among adults reporting being Black, Hispanic, or other race, there was a 3.9-pp decline in dental visits during the previous 2 years (95% CI, -6.1 to -1.7). In states without Medicaid dental benefits, turning age 65 years was associated with no change in the likelihood of dental coverage and a 15.6-pp increase in dental visits (95% CI, 6.3-25.0). Out-of-pocket dental spending decreased in both groups of states (-13.0% [95% CI, -24.2 to -0.1] and -19.2% [95% CI, -33.6 to -1.6], respectively). Conclusions and Relevance The results of this cross-sectional study suggest that transitioning from Medicaid to Medicare at age 65 years was associated with a lower level of dental coverage and may increase barriers to accessing dental care for beneficiaries who had Medicaid dental coverage before age 65 years. However, for adults living in states without Medicaid dental benefits, the transition was associated with increased use of dental services and no change in overall dental coverage rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawazin W Elani
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin D Sommers
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dan Yuan
- Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Meredith B Rosenthal
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Renuka Tipirneni
- Divisions of General Medicine and Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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13
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Roy S, Malik M, Basu S. Prevalence, Patterns, and Predictors of Oral Morbidity in Patients With Diabetes: Evidence From the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India. Cureus 2024; 16:e72164. [PMID: 39583515 PMCID: PMC11582345 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.72164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontal disease share a complex bidirectional relationship, resulting in worsening of oral health with persistent impairment of glycemic control. Objective The objective of this study was to ascertain the burden, patterns, and predictors of oral morbidities in older patients with DM, including their health-seeking behavior in India. Materials and methods We used the nationally representative Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave-1 dataset (2017) to analyze data from 8,564 patients with DM aged ≥45 years. Results The median duration of DM in the participants was eight years. The weighted prevalence of at least one or more self-reported oral health morbidities was 59.85% (95% CI: 56.57% to 63.13%) including tooth pain (33.47%), loose teeth (29.98%), swelling in gums (10.08%), and bleeding gums (9.1%). Furthermore, patients with DM had a substantial burden of total (8.84%) and partial edentulism (66.35%). On adjusted analysis, female gender, higher educational status, higher wealth quintile, tobacco use, alcohol use, and greater duration of DM had significantly higher odds of having oral health morbidities excluding caries. Only 79 (0.12%) patients reported visiting dentists in the previous 12 months. Conclusions Integration of oral healthcare services with existing diabetes care in outpatient settings should be strengthened to improve oral health related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhanjali Roy
- Dentistry, Indian Institute of Public Health - Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, IND
| | - Mansi Malik
- Clinical Research, Indian Institute of Public Health - Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, IND
| | - Saurav Basu
- Epidemiology and Public Health, Indian Institute of Public Health - Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, IND
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14
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Sangalli L, Banday F, Sullivan A, Anjum K. Systemic Factors Affecting Prognosis and Outcomes in Periodontal Disease. Dent Clin North Am 2024; 68:571-602. [PMID: 39244245 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
This review delves into the effects of autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, infectious ailments like human immunodeficiency virus, and their medications on periodontal therapy outcomes. It also explores the influence of hormones. Understanding these systemic factors is crucial for optimizing periodontal health and treatment efficacy. The review underscores the necessity of considering these variables in periodontal care. Other vital systemic factors are addressed elsewhere in this special edition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sangalli
- College of Dental Medicine, Midwestern University, 555 31st, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Fatma Banday
- Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, 110 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Andrew Sullivan
- Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, 110 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Kainat Anjum
- Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, 110 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ, USA.
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15
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Martínez-García M, Hernández-Lemus E. The Molecular Comorbidity Network of Periodontal Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10161. [PMID: 39337647 PMCID: PMC11432284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease, a multifactorial inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of the teeth, has been increasingly recognized for its association with various systemic diseases. Understanding the molecular comorbidities of periodontal disease is crucial for elucidating shared pathogenic mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. In this study, we conducted comprehensive literature and biological database mining by utilizing DisGeNET2R for extracting gene-disease associations, Romin for integrating and modeling molecular interaction networks, and Rentrez R libraries for accessing and retrieving relevant information from NCBI databases. This integrative bioinformatics approach enabled us to systematically identify diseases sharing associated genes, proteins, or molecular pathways with periodontitis. Our analysis revealed significant molecular overlaps between periodontal disease and several systemic conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Shared molecular mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of these diseases and periodontitis encompassed dysregulation of inflammatory mediators, immune response pathways, oxidative stress pathways, and alterations in the extracellular matrix. Furthermore, network analysis unveiled the key hub genes and proteins (such as TNF, IL6, PTGS2, IL10, NOS3, IL1B, VEGFA, BCL2, STAT3, LEP and TP53) that play pivotal roles in the crosstalk between periodontal disease and its comorbidities, offering potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Insights gained from this integrative approach shed light on the intricate interplay between periodontal health and systemic well-being, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in developing personalized treatment strategies for patients with periodontal disease and associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireya Martínez-García
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Cardiology ‘Ignacio Chávez’, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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16
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Nogawa S, Morishita S, Saito K, Kato H. Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies two novel loci associated with dental caries. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:1003. [PMID: 39192244 PMCID: PMC11348739 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth loss significantly impacts oral function and overall health deterioration. Dental caries and periodontal disease are major contributors to tooth loss, emphasizing the critical need to prevent these conditions. Genetic studies have played a crucial role in deepening our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of these diseases. While large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on dental caries and periodontal disease have been conducted extensively, research focusing on Asian populations remains limited. Given substantial genetic and lifestyle variations across ethnicities, conducting studies across diverse populations is imperative. This study aimed to uncover new insights into the genetic mechanisms of these diseases, contributing to broader knowledge and potential targeted interventions. METHODS We conducted a GWAS using genome data from 45,525 Japanese individuals, assessing their self-reported history of dental caries and periodontal disease. Additionally, we performed a meta-analysis by integrating our results with those from a previous large-scale GWAS predominantly involving European populations. RESULTS While no new loci associated with periodontal disease were identified, we discovered two novel loci associated with dental caries. The lead variants of these loci were intron variant rs10974056 in GLIS3 and intron variant rs4801882 in SIGLEC5. CONCLUSION Our study findings are anticipated to advance understanding of the underlying mechanisms of dental caries and periodontal disease. Thes insights may inform better management strategies for patients affected by these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Nogawa
- Genequest Inc, Siba 5-29-11, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-0014, Japan
| | - Satoru Morishita
- Research and Development Headquarters, Lion Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Saito
- Genequest Inc, Siba 5-29-11, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-0014, Japan
| | - Hisanori Kato
- Laboratory of Health Nutrition, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
- Department of Applied Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado, 350-0299, Saitama, Japan.
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17
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Kang J, Wu J, Aggarwal VR, Shiers D, Doran T, Palmier-Claus J. Investigating the Relationship between Oral Health and Severe Mental Illness: Analysis of NHANES 1999-2016. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:191. [PMID: 39056978 PMCID: PMC11276391 DOI: 10.3390/dj12070191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore whether: (i) people with severe mental illness (SMI) experience worse oral health than the general population, and (ii) the risk factors for poor oral health in people with SMI. METHODS Cross-sectional data were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2016), including on self-rated oral health, oral pain, tooth loss, periodontitis stage, and number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth. Candidate risk factors for poor oral health included demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, physical health comorbidities, and dental hygiene behaviours. Ordinal logistic regression and zero-inflated negative binomial models were used to explore predictors of oral health outcomes. RESULTS There were 53,348 cases included in the analysis, including 718 people with SMI. In the fully adjusted model, people with SMI were more likely to suffer from tooth loss (OR 1.60, 95% CI: 1.34-1.92). In people with SMI, risk factors identified for poor oral health outcomes were older age, white ethnicity, lower income, smoking history, and diabetes. Engaging in physical activity and daily use of dental floss were associated with better oral health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS People with SMI experience higher rates of tooth loss than the general population, and certain subgroups are particularly at risk. Performing regular physical exercise and flossing may lower the risk of poor oral health, while smoking and diabetes may increase the risk. These findings suggest opportunities for targeted prevention and early intervention strategies to mitigate adverse oral health outcomes in people with SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Kang
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral, and Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jianhua Wu
- Centre for Primary Care, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | | | - David Shiers
- Division of Psychology & Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Tim Doran
- Health Services & Policy, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK;
| | - Jasper Palmier-Claus
- Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
- Lancashire & South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust, Lancashire PR5 6AW, UK
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18
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Alkahtani A, Anderson P, Baysan A. The impact of sociodemographic determinants and diabetes type-2 on oral health outcomes: An analytical cross-sectional study. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e846. [PMID: 38345485 PMCID: PMC10828913 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and those without diabetes (ND) from East London in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, oral health behaviors, dietary practices, and alcohol and tobacco-related habits. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 182 participants (n = 91 for each group) were recruited and requested to complete the validated questionnaire with 33 items. RESULTS Results showed that the mean ± SD age was 61 ± 11.7 in the T2DM, while 51 ± 11.2 in the ND group. The mean ± SD age at T2DM diagnosis was 43 ± 10. There was a significant gender difference, with more males in the T2DM group (67.7%) and more females in the ND group (64.8%). Asian-British (38.4%) were significantly high in the T2DM group when compared to other ethnicities. 92.3% of T2DM participants were significantly more likely to use medications in comparison to the ND group (29.7%). The T2DM participants' personal statements on general health were fair (34%) and good (46.2%) when compared with the ND group (15.4% and 59.3%, respectively). The majority of T2DM and ND participants (98%) lacked dental insurance. In the T2DM group, 31.8% were receiving benefits, and 39.5% were retired, while 46% of the ND group were full-time employees. Tooth brushing twice a day was slightly less common in T2DM (68%) when compared to the ND group (78%). Nearly half of the participants in both groups failed to carry out interdental cleaning (T2DM = 52%; ND = 47%), and 38.5% of the T2DM group used mouthwash occasionally, while 30% of the ND group had it twice daily. There was a weak association between chewing paan and annual income in ND participants (r = .90, p = .49). There were significant differences in the presence of removable prostheses, juice, and sweetened juice consumptions between the two groups (p < .05). CONCLUSION Within the confines of this study, being male, Asian British, retired due to disability, polypharmacy, and the presence of removable prostheses were all significant factors for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwaq Alkahtani
- Institute of Dentistry, Bart's and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- The College of Applied Medical Sciences (CAMS)King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Paul Anderson
- Institute of Dentistry, Bart's and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Aylin Baysan
- Institute of Dentistry, Bart's and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
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Cai Z, Du S, Zhao N, Huang N, Yang K, Qi L. Periodontitis promotes the progression of diabetes mellitus by enhancing autophagy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24366. [PMID: 38288023 PMCID: PMC10823111 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to identify the periodontitis factor that activates excessive autophagy in pancreatic β cells, resulting in organic lesions of pancreatic islet tissues and diminished insulin secretion, thereby accelerating the progression of diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were induced with periodontitis (PD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), or the combination of T2DM and PD (DP) through a high-sugar/high-fat diet and ligation of the tooth neck with silk thread. Alveolar bone resorption was assessed using Micro-CT, blood glucose levels were measured with a blood glucose meter, pancreatic tissue pathology was examined through HE staining, and the expression of autophagy-related proteins Beclin1 and LC3II/LC3I was analyzed using Western blotting. Results Micro-CT results revealed more pronounced alveolar bone resorption and root bifurcation exposure in the PD and DP groups compared to the control group, with the DP group exhibiting the most severe condition. HE staining demonstrated the formation of periodontal pockets, severe alveolar bone destruction, and abnormal pancreatic islet tissue morphology in the PD and DP groups. The serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β increased sequentially in the control, DM, PD, and DP groups (P < 0.05). Relative expressions of GCK and GLUT-2 mRNA decreased in the PD group compared to the control group (P > 0.05), while the mRNA expressions in the DP and DM groups increased (P < 0.05), with the DP group exhibiting higher levels than the DM group (P < 0.05). Western blot results indicated increased expression levels of autophagy proteins Beclin1 and LC3II/LC3I in the DM and DP groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05), with the DP group exhibiting higher levels than the DM group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The findings demonstrate that periodontal inflammatory factors may promote the enhancement of pancreatic cell autophagy in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Cai
- Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital Zunyi, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Honghuagang District Stomatological Hospital, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shasha Du
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital Zunyi, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital Zunyi, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Nanqu Huang
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital Zunyi, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Liu Qi
- Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Alqadi SF. Diabetes Mellitus and Its Influence on Oral Health: Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:107-120. [PMID: 38222034 PMCID: PMC10785684 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s426671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common diseases all over the world. The effect of this endocrine disease on body systems cannot be ignored, where its oral side effects are well distinguished. As this disease incident is increasing dramatically, it is essential for the health care providers to be fully aware of the disease diagnosis, management and to deal with it in a full confident. This review discusses the disease itself, its complications, methods of diagnosis as well as its management. Furthermore, oral manifestations and dental considerations that should be followed when treating patients with diabetes mellitus have been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha Fuad Alqadi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Medinah, 42353, Kingdom Saudi Arabia
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21
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Kheur S, Ghosal S, Desai KM. Oral Microbial and Molecular Cross Talk between SARS-CoV-2 and Diabetes Mellitus - A Mini Review. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e260423216221. [PMID: 37170990 DOI: 10.2174/1573399819666230426152606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The oral microbiome has long been considered a measure of overall systemic health. It is often significantly altered in case of chronic inflammation or any other systemic infection. Therefore, a shift in oral microbiota and oral health is bound to be observed in diabetics infected with the coronavirus. The prognosis of COVID-19 in a diabetic individual is often worse than that in a healthy individual. The increased pathogenicity of coronavirus in diabetics is due to the peculiar ways in which it interacts with specific physiological mechanisms in a diabetic patient and vice versa. Diabetes Mellitus Type-II (DM -II) is one of the most frequently associated co-morbidities in a COVID-19 patient, and therefore it is even more pertinent that their interrelationship is understood. It is essential to recognize the above-mentioned interactions and consider their implications while treating susceptible patients. This article attempts to review and summarize the said vital interactions. Additionally, it attempts to guide and prepare oral health professionals on what to expect and how to treat diabetic patients in a future where coronavirus is, as unfortunate as it is, a regularity and not a rarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Kheur
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411018, India
| | - Sushmita Ghosal
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411018, India
| | - Karishma Madhusudan Desai
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411018, India
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RODRIGUES E, OLIVEIRA GJPLD, ALVES RDO, ABREU ISD, HERVAL ÁM, MATTOS FDF, SOARES PBF. Assessment of the nursing staff's knowledge on periodontal disease and its associations with systemic changes. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2024; 53. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.000124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction The maintenance of oral health in inpatients is essential, particularly to avoid complications arising from periodontal disease, which not only affect oral health but can also exacerbate systemic issues during hospitalization. Objective: This study aimed to assess nursing staff’s knowledge regarding the management of periodontal disease and its association with systemic diseases. Material and method This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in a general referral hospital of the Brazilian National Health System (SUS). A total of 504 nursing professionals completed a self-administered 24-item questionnaire on relating to oral care procedures and the importance of oral health in hospitalized patients. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and the chi-squared test (α = 0.05). Result Most respondents (97.8%) believed that oral infections can affect a patient's general health and that oral hygiene is important during hospitalization. However, knowledge deficits were identified. The oral effect of periodontal disease was considered moderate by 49.3% of the participants, and 74.6% believed that sugar was the most common cause of periodontal disease. Conclusion Nursing professionals are aware of the importance of maintaining oral hygiene and the relationship between periodontal and systemic diseases. However, their dental hygiene practice knowledge is limited. A training program on oral healthcare for inpatients and the inclusion of oral hygiene topics in the curricula of nursing professionals are recommended.
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Xu HM, Shen XJ, Liu J. Establishment of models to predict factors influencing periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1793-1802. [PMID: 38222787 PMCID: PMC10784791 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i12.1793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with periodontitis. Currently, there are few studies proposing predictive models for periodontitis in patients with T2DM. AIM To determine the factors influencing periodontitis in patients with T2DM by constructing logistic regression and random forest models. METHODS In this a retrospective study, 300 patients with T2DM who were hospitalized at the First People's Hospital of Wenling from January 2022 to June 2022 were selected for inclusion, and their data were collected from hospital records. We used logistic regression to analyze factors associated with periodontitis in patients with T2DM, and random forest and logistic regression prediction models were established. The prediction efficiency of the models was compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS Of 300 patients with T2DM, 224 had periodontitis, with an incidence of 74.67%. Logistic regression analysis showed that age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.047, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.017-1.078], teeth brushing frequency (OR = 4.303, 95%CI: 2.154-8.599), education level (OR = 0.528, 95%CI: 0.348-0.800), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (OR = 2.545, 95%CI: 1.770-3.661), total cholesterol (TC) (OR = 2.872, 95%CI: 1.725-4.781), and triglyceride (TG) (OR = 3.306, 95%CI: 1.019-10.723) influenced the occurrence of periodontitis (P < 0.05). The random forest model showed that the most influential variable was HbA1c followed by age, TC, TG, education level, brushing frequency, and sex. Comparison of the prediction effects of the two models showed that in the training dataset, the AUC of the random forest model was higher than that of the logistic regression model (AUC = 1.000 vs AUC = 0.851; P < 0.05). In the validation dataset, there was no significant difference in AUC between the random forest and logistic regression models (AUC = 0.946 vs AUC = 0.915; P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Both random forest and logistic regression models have good predictive value and can accurately predict the risk of periodontitis in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Miao Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Taizhou 317500, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xuan-Jiang Shen
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
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24
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Surlari Z, Ciurcanu OE, Budala DG, Butnaru O, Luchian I. An Update on the Interdisciplinary Dental Care Approach for Geriatric Diabetic Patients. Geriatrics (Basel) 2023; 8:114. [PMID: 38132485 PMCID: PMC10743251 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics8060114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent health issue escalating worldwide that gives rise to numerous problems. Periodontal disorders are recognized as the sixth consequence associated with diabetes mellitus. Research shows that dental health affects overall health, and this knowledge is changing the dental field. The correct choice of glucose goal levels and the optimal selection of glucose-lowering medications are determined by a comprehensive geriatric assessment, an estimate of life expectancy, and a rationale for therapy at regular intervals in elderly diabetics. This article provides an overview of the correlation between diabetes and oral health, with a specific emphasis on xerostomia, periodontal disease, and dental caries. Thus, dentists play a significant role within the allied health profession by contributing to the provision of oral care for those diagnosed with diabetes, with a special focus on geriatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenovia Surlari
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Oana Elena Ciurcanu
- Department of Dental Surgery, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Dana Gabriela Budala
- Department of Implantology, Removable Prostheses, Dental Prostheses Technology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitătii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Butnaru
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ionut Luchian
- Department of Periodontology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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25
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Kiyomoto K, Matsuo I, Suita K, Ohnuki Y, Ishikawa M, Ito A, Mototani Y, Tsunoda M, Morii A, Nariyama M, Hayakawa Y, Amitani Y, Gomi K, Okumura S. Oral angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril protects the heart from Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction in mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292624. [PMID: 37983238 PMCID: PMC10659197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Although angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are considered useful for the treatment of human heart failure, some experimental failing-heart models have shown little beneficial effect of ACE inhibitors in animals with poor oral health, particularly periodontitis. In this study, we examined the effects of the ACE inhibitor captopril (Cap; 0.1 mg/mL in drinking water) on cardiac dysfunction in mice treated with Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (PG-LPS) at a dose (0.8 mg/kg/day) equivalent to the circulating level in patients with periodontal disease. Mice were divided into four groups: 1) Control, 2) PG-LPS, 3) Cap, and 4) PG-LPS + Cap. After1 week, we evaluated cardiac function by echocardiography. The left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly decreased in PG-LPS-treated mice compared to the control (from 66 ± 1.8 to 59 ± 2.5%), while Cap ameliorated the dysfunction (63 ± 1.1%). The area of cardiac fibrosis was significantly increased (approximately 2.9-fold) and the number of apoptotic myocytes was significantly increased (approximately 5.6-fold) in the heart of PG-LPS-treated group versus the control, and these changes were suppressed by Cap. The impairment of cardiac function in PG-LPS-treated mice was associated with protein kinase C δ phosphorylation (Tyr-311), leading to upregulation of NADPH oxidase 4 and xanthine oxidase, and calmodulin kinase II phosphorylation (Thr-286) with increased phospholamban phosphorylation (Thr-17). These changes were also suppressed by Cap. Our results suggest that the renin-angiotensin system might play an important role in the development of cardiac diseases induced by PG-LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Kiyomoto
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ichiro Matsuo
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kenji Suita
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ohnuki
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Misao Ishikawa
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Aiko Ito
- Department of Orthodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Mototani
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Michinori Tsunoda
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akinaka Morii
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Megumi Nariyama
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hayakawa
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Amitani
- Department of Mathematics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Gomi
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okumura
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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26
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Ito A, Ohnuki Y, Suita K, Matsuo I, Ishikawa M, Mitsubayashi T, Mototani Y, Kiyomoto K, Tsunoda M, Morii A, Nariyama M, Hayakawa Y, Tomonari H, Okumura S. Effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril on occlusal-disharmony-induced cardiac dysfunction in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19927. [PMID: 37968296 PMCID: PMC10651878 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43099-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Occlusal disharmony is known to affect not only the oral cavity environment, but also the autonomic nervous system in the heart. Since the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitor captopril (Cap) is one of the first-line drugs for preventing cardiac remodeling in patients with heart failure, we hypothesized that Cap might prevent cardiac dysfunction induced by occlusal disharmony. Here, to test this idea, we used our bite-opening (BO) mouse model, which was developed by cementing a suitable appliance onto the mandibular incisor. Mice were divided into four groups: (1) Control, (2) BO, (3) Cap, and (4) BO + Cap. After 2 weeks, we evaluated cardiac function by echocardiography and confirmed that cardiac function was significantly decreased in the BO group compared to the control, while Cap ameliorated the dysfunction. Cardiac fibrosis, myocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress-induced myocardial damage in the BO group were significantly increased versus the control, and these increases were suppressed by Cap. Cardiac dysfunction induced by BO was associated with dual phosphorylation on PKCδ (Tyr-311/Thr-505), leading to activation of CaMKII with increased phosphorylation of RyR2 and phospholamban. Our results suggest that the RAS might play an important role in the development of cardiac diseases induced by occlusal anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Ito
- Department of Orthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ohnuki
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Kenji Suita
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Ichiro Matsuo
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Misao Ishikawa
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Takao Mitsubayashi
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Mototani
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kiyomoto
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Michinori Tsunoda
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Akinaka Morii
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Megumi Nariyama
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 236-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hayakawa
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tomonari
- Department of Orthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okumura
- Department of Physiology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan.
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27
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Aizenbud I, Wilensky A, Almoznino G. Periodontal Disease and Its Association with Metabolic Syndrome-A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13011. [PMID: 37629193 PMCID: PMC10455993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241613011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a complex and progressive chronic inflammatory condition that leads to the loss of alveolar bone and teeth. It has been associated with various systemic diseases, including diabetes mellitus and obesity, among others. Some of these conditions are part of the metabolic syndrome cluster, a group of interconnected systemic diseases that significantly raise the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. The metabolic syndrome cluster encompasses central obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hypertension. In this review, our objective is to investigate the correlation between periodontal disease and the components and outcomes of the metabolic syndrome cluster. By doing so, we aim to gain insights into the fundamental mechanisms that link each systemic condition with the metabolic syndrome. This deeper understanding of the interplay between these conditions and periodontal disease can pave the way for more effective treatments that take into account the broader impact of managing periodontal disease on the comprehensive treatment of systemic diseases, and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itay Aizenbud
- Medical Corps, Israel Defense Forces, Jerusalem 60930, Israel;
| | - Asaf Wilensky
- Department of Periodontology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel;
| | - Galit Almoznino
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, Big Biomedical Data Research Laboratory, Dean’s Office, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Department of Oral Medicine, Sedation & Maxillofacial Imaging, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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28
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De Rubeis V, Jiang Y, de Groh M, Dufour L, Bronsard A, Morrison H, Bassim CW. Barriers to oral care: a cross-sectional analysis of the Canadian longitudinal study on aging (CLSA). BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:294. [PMID: 37189101 PMCID: PMC10184348 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health plays a role in overall health, indicating the need to identify barriers to accessing oral care. The objective of this study was to identify barriers to accessing oral health care and examine the association between socioeconomic, psychosocial, and physical measures with access to oral health care among older Canadians. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) follow-up 1 survey to analyze dental insurance and last oral health care visit. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between socioeconomic, psychosocial, and physical measures with access to oral care, measured by dental insurance and last oral health visit. RESULTS Among the 44,011 adults included in the study, 40% reported not having dental insurance while 15% had not visited an oral health professional in the previous 12 months. Several factors were identified as barriers to accessing oral health care including, no dental insurance, low household income, rural residence, and having no natural teeth. People with an annual income of <$50,000 were four times more likely to not have dental insurance (adjusted OR: 4.09; 95% CI: 3.80-4.39) and three times more likely to report not visiting an oral health professional in the previous 12 months (adjusted OR: 3.07; 95% CI: 2.74-3.44) compared to those with annual income greater than $100,000. CONCLUSIONS Identifying barriers to oral health care is important when developing public health strategies to improve access, however, further research is needed to identify the mechanisms as to why these barriers exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa De Rubeis
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
- Applied Research Division, Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K0A 0K9, Canada
| | - Ying Jiang
- Applied Research Division, Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K0A 0K9, Canada
| | - Margaret de Groh
- Applied Research Division, Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K0A 0K9, Canada
| | - Lisette Dufour
- Office of the Chief Dental Officer, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K0A 0K9, Canada
| | - Annie Bronsard
- Office of the Chief Dental Officer, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K0A 0K9, Canada
| | - Howard Morrison
- Applied Research Division, Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K0A 0K9, Canada
| | - Carol W Bassim
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
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Schulze A, Busse M. Long-term training improves clinical signs of periodontal disease in type 2 diabetic patients: a pilot trial. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2023; 63:478-484. [PMID: 36321814 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.22.14197-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic inflammation is related to diabetes mellitus. Periodontal disease may be considered a local manifestation of systemic inflammation in association with diabetes mellitus. Physical activity may have a positive effect on inflammatory diseases. We investigated the effects of exercise training on periodontal inflammation in diabetic patients. METHODS Out of 69 diabetic patients with periodontitis, 40 subjects participated in a recreational training, while 29 subjects performed no training. All underwent a periodontal examination before and after 6.14±1.24 months and completed a dental hygiene questionnaire. RESULTS In the long-term training group the following parameters decreased: hemoglobin A1c from 6.7±1.0% to 6.3±0.7% (P<0.007), papillary bleeding score 3 by 60% (P<0.0003), and the mean of all probing pocket depths 4 - 6 mm by 40% (P<0.0001). No significant weight changes and no improvements in oral health behavior were observed in either of the groups. No correlation between hemoglobin A1c or weight and periodontal parameters was found. CONCLUSIONS A six-months recreational training was independently related to improved clinical signs of periodontal disease in diabetic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antina Schulze
- Department of Sports Dentistry, Institute of Sports Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany -
| | - Martin Busse
- General Outpatient Clinic of Sports Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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30
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Systemic Diseases with Oral Manifestations and Their Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2021-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Health-related quality of life is a multidimensional concept established to evaluate the physical, psychological, and social impacts of health conditions on individuals’ well-being. Various tools for measuring health-related quality of life can be categorized into two subsets: generic and disease–specific instruments. The oral cavity can be stricken by a broad range of local and systemic diseases and their systemic treatment modalities. The most common systemic illnesses associated with oral lesions are hematologic disorders, endocrinopathies, neurological disorders, gastrointestinal conditions, mucocutaneous and rheumatic diseases, and neoplastic processes. Their manifestations in the oral cavity are, in most cases, rather nonspecific but should not be overlooked. Oral health is one of the most important parts of overall health, thus it has been proposed that poor oral health may affect health–related quality of life. The presence of oral manifestations of systemic diseases has a negative impact on the daily functioning of patients, decreasing their overall well-being. This article will review the most common systemic diseases with oral manifestations and their impact on the health–related quality of life. Oral health researchers should put a stronger emphasis on the patient-reported quality of life as a primary outcome in future clinical trials. The significance of this area has still not been widely understood in the current dental literature even though it could help improve patients’ health-related quality of life.
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Chairatnathrongporn R, Tansriratanawong K, Santiprabhob J, Boriboonhirunsarn C, Promsudthi A. Salivary Gene Expression of RANK, RANKL, and OPG in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal Disease Patients. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2022; 12:603-611. [PMID: 36777010 PMCID: PMC9912835 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_184_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and periodontal disease may exhibit by the alteration of bone metabolism. However, evidence for this relationship is scarce and inconclusive. Thus, the aims of the present study were to investigate salivary receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β (RANK), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene expression and the RANKL:OPG ratio in T1DM and non-T1DM. Secondary objective was to determine the relationships of RANK, RANKL and OPG gene expression to clinical parameters of T1DM and periodontal disease. Materials and Methods Twenty patients with T1DM and twenty age-matched non-T1DM were recruited. Clinical periodontal parameters were measured. Total RNA was isolated from non-stimulated saliva, and the relative gene expressions of RANK, RANKL, OPG and RANKL:OPG ratio were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results The T1DM group had significantly higher mean periodontal parameters than the non-T1DM group, while the mean plaque scores of both groups were not significantly different. There was a trend of higher relative gene expression of RANK, RANKL, and the RANKL:OPG ratio and lower expression of OPG in T1DM group but no statistic significant different when compared to non-T1DM. In the T1DM group, RANKL:OPG correlated with the percentage of bleeding sites, whereas RANK, RANKL, and HbA1c levels correlated with pocket depth. Conclusions Bone metabolisms demonstrating by decreased OPG gene expression and upregulated of RANK, RANKL, RANKL:OPG with higher pocket depth and bleeding in T1DM may play an important role in periodontal destruction in T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachanin Chairatnathrongporn
- Previously, residency training programs in Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; currently, private practice, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kallapat Tansriratanawong
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jeerunda Santiprabhob
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Ananya Promsudthi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand,Address for correspondence: Dr. Ananya Promsudthi, Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yothi Street, Rajthevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. E-mail:
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32
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Olayanju OA, Mba IN, Awah NE, Akinmola OO, Ofagbor E, Okonkwo O, Olasehinde OE, Akintunde AAR, Abbiyesuku F. Oral innate immunity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary hospital in Ibadan Nigeria: a cross-sectional study. Pan Afr Med J 2022; 43:134. [PMID: 36762154 PMCID: PMC9898773 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.43.134.34287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction diabetes mellitus is associated with a high prevalence of oral infections. However, it is unclear how diabetes impacts oral innate antimicrobial proteins. This study evaluated salivary lysozyme and histatins, two major innate antimicrobial proteins, in patients with diabetes and non-diabetic controls. Methods a cross-sectional study where salivary lysozyme and histatins were measured alongside plasma glucose levels. Values of the salivary proteins were compared between the two groups; their association with glucose levels was also established using correlation and regression analysis. Results one hundred and fifty-one participants were recruited for this study, 85 (56.3%) of them had type 2 diabetes mellitus with a median fasting plasma glucose of 108.8 mg/dl (IQR 91.2-134.8) while the remaining 66 (43.7%) healthy non-diabetic controls had a median random plasma glucose of 101 mg/dl (IQR 89-112). The median salivary lysozyme was 32.5 ng/ml (IQR 25.0-39.6) in the group with diabetes and 36.4 ng/ml (IQR 31.4-42.1; p=0.01) in the non-diabetic control group. The median salivary histatins was 9.2 ng/ml (IQR 7.6 -10.2) in the group with diabetes and 14.7 ng/ml (IQR12.8-16.5; p<0.001) in the non-diabetic control group. Salivary lysozyme (r = -0.127; p =0.163) and histatins (r = -0.025; p = 0.424) were both negatively correlated with plasma glucose levels, and logistic regression showed that patients with diabetes are more likely to have lower levels of salivary lysozyme (0.957; p=0.013) and histatins (0.527; p<0.001). Conclusion patients with diabetes had reduced levels of salivary lysozyme and histatins, this could provide an insight into the associated high oral infection rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatunde Ayodeji Olayanju
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Ben Carson (Snr) College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilisan, Nigeria,,Corresponding author: Olatunde Ayodeji Olayanju, Department of Chemical Pathology, Ben Carson (Snr) College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilisan, Nigeria.
| | | | - Nnaemeka Elvis Awah
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Ekitumi Ofagbor
- Royal Free London, National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, England
| | - Onyiye Okonkwo
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olanrewaju Ezekiel Olasehinde
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Ben Carson (Snr) College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilisan, Nigeria
| | - Akinbayo Abdul-Razaq Akintunde
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Ben Carson (Snr) College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilisan, Nigeria
| | - Fayeofori Abbiyesuku
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Ben Carson (Snr) College of Health and Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilisan, Nigeria
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Akbari N, Hanafi Bojd M, Goldani Moghadam M, Raeesi V. Comparison of serum levels of vitamin D in periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes and healthy subjects. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:1341-1347. [PMID: 36315109 PMCID: PMC9760167 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to find out the levels of serum vitamin D in periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes and to compare them with healthy subjects. METHODS In this study, 48 periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (PDM), 53 periodontitis patients (P), and 42 controls who were in the age ranges of 30-50 years and had the entry requirements were selected. Plaque index, calculus index, modified gingival index, pocket depth, clinical attachment loss (CAL), and tooth loss were measured. Serum 25(OH)D level was estimated by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, and fasting blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin were estimated by biochemical colorimetric assays. RESULTS The mean serum 25(OH)D level was 17.06 ± 10.73, 15.12 ± 7.74, and 14.17 ± 11.04 ηg/ml for PDM, P, and control groups, respectively, showing no statistical difference. The mean CAL was significantly high in diabetic patients as compared to other groups. Prediabetes prevalence was significantly high in periodontitis patients as compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency was high in the population studied. Serum levels of 25(OH)D showed no significant difference between groups. Periodontitis patients showed an elevated risk for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Akbari
- School of DentistryBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
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George A, Poudel P, Kong A, Villarosa A, Calache H, Arora A, Griffiths R, Wong VW, Gussy M, Martin RE, Lau P. Developing and pilot testing an oral health screening tool for diabetes care providers. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2022; 23:202. [PMID: 35948883 PMCID: PMC9367124 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-022-01798-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with poorly managed diabetes are at greater risk of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease that is not effectively managed can affect glycaemic levels. Diabetes care providers, including general practitioners and diabetes educators, are encouraged to promote oral health of their clients. However, valid and reliable oral health screening tools that assess the risk of poor oral health, that are easy to administer among non-dental professionals, currently do not exist. Existing screening tools are difficult to incorporate into routine diabetes consultations due to their length. Thus, this study aimed to develop and pilot a short oral health screening tool that would identify risk of existing oral diseases and encourage appropriate referrals to the dental service. METHODS A three-item screening tool was developed after a comprehensive review of the literature and consensus from an expert panel. The tool was then piloted as part of a larger cross-sectional survey of 260 adults with diabetes who were accessing public diabetes clinics at two locations in Sydney, Australia. As part of the survey, participants completed the three-item screening tool and a 14-item validated tool, the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), which has been used previously in the preliminary validation of screening tools. Sensitivity and specificity analyses were then undertaken comparing the results of the two tools. RESULTS A statistically significant correlation was found between the shorter screening tool and the OHIP-14 (rho = 0.453, p < 0.001), indicating adequate validity. The three-item tool had high sensitivity (90.5%, 95% CI 84.9%, 94.7%), with a specificity of 46.3% (95% CI 37.7%, 55.2%). The negative predictive value was 81.4% (95% CI 71.3, 89.3). No single item performed as well regarding sensitivity and negative predictive value when compared to the three items collectively. CONCLUSIONS The three-item screening tool developed was found to be valid and sensitive in identifying risk of poor oral health, requiring oral health referrals, among people with diabetes in this pilot. This is a simple, accessible tool that diabetes care providers could incorporate into their routine consultations. Further validation against comprehensive dental assessments is needed to reassess the tool's specificity and sensitivity in diverse settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajesh George
- Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW, 1871, Australia.
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, 1871, Australia.
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW, 2010, Australia.
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, NSW, 1871, Australia.
- La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, 3552, Australia.
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia.
| | - Prakash Poudel
- Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW, 1871, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, 1871, Australia
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, NSW, 1871, Australia
| | - Ariana Kong
- Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW, 1871, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, 1871, Australia
| | - Amy Villarosa
- Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW, 1871, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, 1871, Australia
| | - Hanny Calache
- Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW, 1871, Australia
- La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, 3552, Australia
- School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Amit Arora
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
- Health Equity Laboratory, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
- Sydney Dental Hospital/Sydney Local Health District, Surry Hills, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Rhonda Griffiths
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Vincent W Wong
- South-Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia
| | - Mark Gussy
- La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, 3552, Australia
- Lincoln International Institute for Rural Health, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Rachel E Martin
- Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health (ACIOH), School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW, 1871, Australia
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Phyllis Lau
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
- Department of General Practice, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
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Jozaghi E, Vandu, Maynard R, Khoshnoudian Y, Brondani MA. Access to oral care is a human rights issue: a community action report from the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver, Canada. Harm Reduct J 2022; 19:42. [PMID: 35501857 PMCID: PMC9059447 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-022-00626-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
To offer a critical reflection on an impoverished neighborhood in Vancouver, Canada, and their access to oral health care. A review of how a lack of publicly funded oral health care affects the most vulnerable, uninsured, and underserved citizens is performed. Personal and professional accounts on how entrepreneurial innovations of not-for-profit organizations can help to close the gap in access to oral health care are offered using the Vancouver Area Network of drug users (VANDU) and the PHS Community Services Society as case studies in British Columbia. Despite the efforts put forward by not-for-profit organizations such as the VANDU and the PHS Community Services Society, a national oral health care plan is warranted though still not a political imperative. Underserved citizens have a right to oral health care that is compassionate, collaborative, accessible, and affordable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Jozaghi
- Faculty of Dentistry, 116/2199 Wesbrook Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Vandu
- Vancouver Area Network of Drug Users (VANDU), 380 East Hastings St, Vancouver, BC, V6A 1P4, Canada
| | - Russ Maynard
- PHS Community Services Society, 9 E Hastings St, Vancouver, BC, V6A 1M9, Canada
| | - Yasaman Khoshnoudian
- Faculty of Dentistry, 116/2199 Wesbrook Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Mario A Brondani
- Faculty of Dentistry, 116/2199 Wesbrook Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Odukoya O, Nwaneri S, Odeniyi I, Akodu B, Oluwole E, Olorunfemi G, Popoola O, Osuntoki A. Development and Comparison of Three Data Models for Predicting Diabetes Mellitus Using Risk Factors in a Nigerian Population. Healthc Inform Res 2022; 28:58-67. [PMID: 35172091 PMCID: PMC8850175 DOI: 10.4258/hir.2022.28.1.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study developed and compared the performance of three widely used predictive models—logistic regression (LR), artificial neural network (ANN), and decision tree (DT)—to predict diabetes mellitus using the socio-demographic, lifestyle, and physical attributes of a population of Nigerians. Methods We developed three predictive models using 10 input variables. Data preprocessing steps included the removal of missing values and outliers, min-max normalization, and feature extraction using principal component analysis. Data training and validation were accomplished using 10-fold cross-validation. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) were used as performance evaluation metrics. Analysis and model development were performed in R version 3.6.1. Results The mean age of the participants was 50.52 ± 16.14 years. The classification accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for LR were, respectively, 81.31%, 84.32%, 77.24%, 72.75%, and 82.49%. Those for ANN were 98.64%, 98.37%, 99.00%, 98.61%, and 98.83%, and those for DT were 99.05%, 99.76%, 98.08%, 98.77%, and 99.82%, respectively. The best-performing and poorest-performing classifiers were DT and LR, with 99.05% and 81.31% accuracy, respectively. Similarly, the DT algorithm achieved the best AUC value (0.992) compared to ANN (0.976) and LR (0.892). Conclusions Our study demonstrated that DT, LR, and ANN models can be used effectively for the prediction of diabetes mellitus in the Nigerian population based on certain risk factors. An overall comparative analysis of the models showed that the DT model performed better than LR and ANN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwakemi Odukoya
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Nwaneri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Ifedayo Odeniyi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Babatunde Akodu
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Esther Oluwole
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Gbenga Olorunfemi
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Oluwatoyin Popoola
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Akinniyi Osuntoki
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
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Canga M, Malagnino I, Qafmolla A, Xhajanka E, Malagnino VA. THE IMPACT OF THE DIABETES ON ORAL HEALTH - AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2022; 75:753-758. [PMID: 35633342 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202204101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus on the oral health. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: This is an observational study. In the present research were taken into consideration 300 patients. The study sample consisted of 191 males, respectively (63.7%) of them and 109 females (36.3%) of the participants. RESULTS Results: In the current study, we analyzed the oral health of diabetic patients within the age class of 11-80 years. We divided them into seven age groups: 11-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70, and 71-80 years. Based on the results of the current study it was observed that 83.7% of patients were affected by gingivitis. The results of our study show that dental caries prevalence was 68.7 % and the prevalence of missing teeth among patients with diabetes mellitus was 78.7%. According to the ANOVA test, high blood sugar values had a direct impact on the manifestation of gingivitis and there it was a strong correlation between them P-value = .000. Males with diabetes mellitus were more affected by dental caries and this was indicated by the P-value= .02, in comparison to females who recorded a P-value = .03. The relation between gender males and missing teeth was highly significant P-value = .001. CONCLUSION Conclusions: The present study proved that diabetes mellitus is risk factor for oral health. The authors studied this group of patients exposed to high blood glucose levels and found out that oral diseases were high in these patients.
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State of Evidence on Oral Health Problems in Diabetic Patients: A Critical Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5383. [PMID: 34830663 PMCID: PMC8618619 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225383&set/a 912874875+940716348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem, having recognized that in the next 20 years the number of diabetic patients in the world will increase to 642 million. DM exerts enormous repercussions on general health diabetic (especially derived from vascular, cardiac, renal, ocular, or neurological affectation). It entails in addition a high number of deaths directly related to the disease, as well as a high health care cost, estimated at $673 billion annually. Oral cavity is found among all the organs and systems affected in the course of DM. Important pathologies are developed with higher prevalence, such as periodontitis (PD), alterations in salivary flow, fungal infections, oral cancer, and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD). It has been proven that PD hinders the metabolic control of DM and that the presence of PD increases the possibility for developing diabetes. Despite the relevance of these oral pathologies, the knowledge of primary care physicians and diabetes specialists about the importance of oral health in diabetics, as well as the knowledge of dentists about the importance of DM for oral health of patients is scarce or non-existent. It is accepted that the correct management of diabetic patients requires interdisciplinary teams, including dentists. In this critical review, the existing knowledge and evidence-degree on the preventive, clinical, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic aspects of oral diseases that occur with a significant frequency in the diabetic population are developed in extension.
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State of Evidence on Oral Health Problems in Diabetic Patients: A Critical Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225383
expr 893869204 + 932072443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem, having recognized that in the next 20 years the number of diabetic patients in the world will increase to 642 million. DM exerts enormous repercussions on general health diabetic (especially derived from vascular, cardiac, renal, ocular, or neurological affectation). It entails in addition a high number of deaths directly related to the disease, as well as a high health care cost, estimated at $673 billion annually. Oral cavity is found among all the organs and systems affected in the course of DM. Important pathologies are developed with higher prevalence, such as periodontitis (PD), alterations in salivary flow, fungal infections, oral cancer, and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD). It has been proven that PD hinders the metabolic control of DM and that the presence of PD increases the possibility for developing diabetes. Despite the relevance of these oral pathologies, the knowledge of primary care physicians and diabetes specialists about the importance of oral health in diabetics, as well as the knowledge of dentists about the importance of DM for oral health of patients is scarce or non-existent. It is accepted that the correct management of diabetic patients requires interdisciplinary teams, including dentists. In this critical review, the existing knowledge and evidence-degree on the preventive, clinical, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic aspects of oral diseases that occur with a significant frequency in the diabetic population are developed in extension.
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40
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González-Moles MÁ, Ramos-García P. State of Evidence on Oral Health Problems in Diabetic Patients: A Critical Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5383. [PMID: 34830663 PMCID: PMC8618619 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health problem, having recognized that in the next 20 years the number of diabetic patients in the world will increase to 642 million. DM exerts enormous repercussions on general health diabetic (especially derived from vascular, cardiac, renal, ocular, or neurological affectation). It entails in addition a high number of deaths directly related to the disease, as well as a high health care cost, estimated at $673 billion annually. Oral cavity is found among all the organs and systems affected in the course of DM. Important pathologies are developed with higher prevalence, such as periodontitis (PD), alterations in salivary flow, fungal infections, oral cancer, and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD). It has been proven that PD hinders the metabolic control of DM and that the presence of PD increases the possibility for developing diabetes. Despite the relevance of these oral pathologies, the knowledge of primary care physicians and diabetes specialists about the importance of oral health in diabetics, as well as the knowledge of dentists about the importance of DM for oral health of patients is scarce or non-existent. It is accepted that the correct management of diabetic patients requires interdisciplinary teams, including dentists. In this critical review, the existing knowledge and evidence-degree on the preventive, clinical, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic aspects of oral diseases that occur with a significant frequency in the diabetic population are developed in extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel González-Moles
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Ramos-García
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18010 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
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Kishore J, Shaikh F, Zubairi AM, Mirza S, Alqutub MN, AlMubarak AM, Abduljabbar T, Vohra F. Evaluation of serum neuron specific enolase levels among patients with primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome. Cephalalgia 2021; 42:119-127. [PMID: 34644195 DOI: 10.1177/03331024211046613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burning mouth syndrome is a painful condition of the oral cavity with ambiguous pathogenesis and diagnosis. Neuron-specific enolase is increased in several conditions including peripheral neuropathy of diabetes, ophthalmopathies, spinal cord injuries and tumors. Evidence on association of burning mouth syndrome and neuron-specific enolase is limited. AIM This study aims to evaluate neuron-specific enolase levels in primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome patients and compare the levels of neuron-specific enolase with associated conditions in secondary burning mouth syndrome. METHODS One hundred and twenty-eight patients of more than 18 years of age with no gender predilection and having clinical symptoms of burning mouth syndrome and 135 healthy subjects were included. All the patients fulfilled Scala's criteria for the diagnosis of burning mouth syndrome, including "primary" (idiopathic) and "secondary" (resulting from identified precipitating factors) burning mouth syndrome patients. Blood samples were obtained from burning mouth syndrome patients. Serum neuron-specific enolase was evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To compare means and standard deviations, among primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome, data was analysed with analysis of variance and multiple comparisons test. RESULTS The mean age of the study participants for burning mouth syndrome and healthy subjects was 53.30 and 51.6 years, respectively. Amongst the secondary burning mouth syndrome group, 32 (25%) of the patients had menopause, 15 (11.7%) had diabetes, eight (6.2%) of the patients had nutritional deficiency, seven (5.4%) had combined diabetes, menopause, and depression, six (4.6%) had combined diabetes and depression, four (3.1%) were diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome. A minor percentage of 2.3% (three) had gastroesophageal reflux disease, while the remaining three (2.3%) patients in the secondary burning mouth syndrome group were on anti-depressants. There was a statistically significant increase in the levels of neuron-specific enolase in primary burning mouth syndrome as compared to the secondary burning mouth syndrome and healthy groups. Among the subgroups of secondary burning mouth syndrome, diabetic individuals showed a significant increase in neuron-specific enolase level when compared with other conditions in the secondary burning mouth syndrome patients.Discussion and conclusion: The raised serum neuron-specific enolase levels in patients suffering from primary burning mouth syndrome highlight a possible neuropathic mechanism. It was also increased in the sub-group of secondary burning mouth syndrome patients having diabetes. Although it cannot be ascertained whether the deranged values in the diabetic group were due to burning mouth syndrome or due to diabetes, the raised quantity of neuron-specific enolase in the primary burning mouth syndrome group is a reliable diagnostic indicator. Future studies on the assessment of neuron-specific enolase levels as a diagnostic tool for onset and management of primary and secondary burning mouth syndrome are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimala Kishore
- Department of Oral Pathology, 37093Ziauddin University, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fouzia Shaikh
- Department of Pathology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Sana Mirza
- Department of Oral Pathology, 37093Ziauddin University, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Montaser N Alqutub
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, 37850King Saud University, 37850King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman M AlMubarak
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, 37850King Saud University, 37850King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, 37850King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, 37850King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Suzuki S, Sugihara N, Kamijo H, Morita M, Kawato T, Tsuneishi M, Kobayashi K, Hasuike Y, Sato T. Self-Reported Diabetes Mellitus and Tooth Extraction Due to Periodontal Disease and Dental Caries in the Japanese Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179024. [PMID: 34501613 PMCID: PMC8430558 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is closely related to oral health. We aimed to determine the relationship between diabetes mellitus and tooth extraction due to periodontal disease and dental caries. Japan’s second nationwide survey data collected from 4 June to 10 June 2018 was used to identify reasons for tooth extraction among patients aged > 40 years. General dentists collected information on patients who underwent tooth extraction procedures, and the presence of diabetes mellitus was determined through interviews. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to investigate the relationship between diabetes mellitus and the reasons for tooth extraction, including periodontal disease and dental caries. In total, 2345 dentists responded to the survey (response rate 44.8%). We analyzed data on 4625 extracted teeth from 3750 patients (1815 males and 1935 females). Among patients with self-reported diabetes mellitus, 55.4% had extractions due to periodontal disease compared to 46.7% of such extractions among those without self-reported diabetes mellitus. Self-reported diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with tooth extraction due to periodontal disease. No significant differences were observed in dental caries according to self-reported diabetes mellitus status. This study provides further evidence of a significant association between diabetes mellitus and tooth extraction due to periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seitaro Suzuki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College, Kanda-Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-6380-9272; Fax: +81-3-6380-9606
| | - Naoki Sugihara
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Tokyo Dental College, Kanda-Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan;
| | - Hideyuki Kamijo
- Department of Social Security for Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Kanda-Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan;
- 8020 Promotion Foundation, 4-1-20 Kudankita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0073, Japan; (M.T.); (K.K.); (Y.H.); (T.S.)
| | - Manabu Morita
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Takayuki Kawato
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan;
| | - Midori Tsuneishi
- 8020 Promotion Foundation, 4-1-20 Kudankita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0073, Japan; (M.T.); (K.K.); (Y.H.); (T.S.)
- Japan Dental Association Research Institute, 4-1-20 Kudankita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0073, Japan
| | - Keita Kobayashi
- 8020 Promotion Foundation, 4-1-20 Kudankita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0073, Japan; (M.T.); (K.K.); (Y.H.); (T.S.)
| | - Yoshihiro Hasuike
- 8020 Promotion Foundation, 4-1-20 Kudankita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0073, Japan; (M.T.); (K.K.); (Y.H.); (T.S.)
- Japan Dental Association, 4-1-20 Kudankita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0073, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Sato
- 8020 Promotion Foundation, 4-1-20 Kudankita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0073, Japan; (M.T.); (K.K.); (Y.H.); (T.S.)
- Japan Dental Association, 4-1-20 Kudankita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0073, Japan
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Al-Momani MM. Indocyanine-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy promotes superior clinical effects in stage III and grade C chronic periodontitis among controlled and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 35:102379. [PMID: 34087466 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of indocyanine-green mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (ICG-aPDT) in the treatment of stage III grade C periodontitis in terms of clinical, microbiological, and immune-inflammatory parameters in patients with well-controlled and poorly-controlled form of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects with a diagnosis of chronic periodontitis according to the new classification and case definition of periodontitis [probing depth (PD): ≥6 mm, interdental clinical attachment loss (CAL): ≥5 mm and bone loss extending to mid-third of root and beyond (≥3 mm)] were recruited. Subjects were grouped on the basis of well-controlled and poorly-controlled diabetic status. Two subgroups were made according to the treatment modality (RSD versus ICG-aPDT/RSD) in each group. A split-mouth design was used in which one site was designated for control (RSD alone treatment) while the other contralateral site was chosen for test treatment (ICG-aPDT/RSD) in all the patients. Periodontal parameters included the measurement of plaque score (PS), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and alveolar bone levels (ABL). Identification of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannarella forsythia through PCR was executed using species specific primers. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were then analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantification of interleukin (IL)-17 and interferon (IFN)-γ. All the clinical, microbiological, and immunological parameters were assessed using repeated measure ANOVA for intra and inter-group comparisons. The p-value significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS The mean age of the 50 patients was 44.7 ± 7.4 years. Systemic parameters suggest no significant change between the times in either HbA1c or serum CRP levels in any of the groups. A statistically significant reduction for BOP was noted for ICG-aPDT group for non-diabetic subjects at 3 months follow up only, while a significant reduction was seen at both 3 months and 6 months among well-controlled and poorly-controlled T2DM subjects (p<0.05). For PD and CAL, a significant improvement was seen for ICG-aPDT group among non-diabetic and well-controlled T2DM subjects at both 3- and 6-months follow up, while a significant reduction was seen at only 3 months among poorly-controlled T2DM subjects. A significant reduction was seen for ICG-aPDT group compared to RSD group for both bacteria in all the three groups at 6 months follow up (p<0.05). CONCLUSION ICG-aPDT significantly improved clinical and antimicrobial parameters in well-controlled and poorly-controlled T2DM having stage III and grade C periodontitis. Glycemic status did not have negative impact in the reduction of periodontal parameters in either types of T2DM. TRIAL REGISTRATION The present RCT was registered in the clinicaltrials.gov under the identifier: NCT04857346.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Mahmoud Al-Momani
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Malocclusion of Molar Teeth Is Associated with Activities of Daily Living Loss and Delirium in Elderly Critically Ill Older Patients. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10102157. [PMID: 34067550 PMCID: PMC8156973 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A single-center retrospective cohort study examined the association between molar malocclusion status at ICU admission and loss of activities of daily living (ADL) at hospital discharge among acutely ill patients. Patients were assigned to the bilateral occlusion group or malocclusion group (N = 227 and 93, respectively). The following data were collected from electronic medical records: age, sex, Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) on admission, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) Ⅱ score, confirmed diagnosis (neurological disorders or others), CFS at hospital discharge, and occlusion condition. Patients who were frail at admission (CFS > 5) were excluded from analysis, and ADL loss was defined as CFS > 5 at hospital discharge. Multivariate analysis showed malocclusion was independently associated with ADL loss [OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.13-3.64; p = 0.02]. For those aged 65 and older, malocclusion was significantly associated with both ADL loss [OR, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.44-7.32; p < 0.01] and the incidence of delirium [OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.14-5.95; p = 0.02]. Malocclusion on ICU admission was associated with ADL loss in critically ill patients, and was associated with ADL loss and the incidence of delirium in the elderly. Poor oral health was a poor prognostic factor among critically ill patients.
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Britt BC, Britt RK, Hayes JL, Panek ET, Maddox J, Musaev A. Oral Healthcare Implications of Dedicated Online Communities: A Computational Content Analysis of the r/Dentistry Subreddit. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2021; 36:572-584. [PMID: 32091259 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2020.1731937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The current study explores communication expressed by participants in a subreddit surrounding oral health care, moderated by dentists and dental hygienists. The corpus was analyzed through Leximancer, a computer-assisted program used for computational content analyses of large data sets. Users' personal disclosures about ongoing dental concerns, advice about others' self-care, and the role of interpersonal communication with and among health care providers emerged as dominant themes. The findings suggest that online communities may serve an important role that dentists are unable to fill in their limited interactions with individual patients. Such interaction spaces may therefore offer a fertile environment for future interventions to promote beneficial practices and achieve positive health-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Britt
- Department of Advertising and Public Relations, University of Alabama
| | - Rebecca K Britt
- Department of Journalism and Creative Media, University of Alabama
| | - Jameson L Hayes
- Department of Advertising and Public Relations, University of Alabama
| | - Elliot T Panek
- Department of Journalism and Creative Media, University of Alabama
| | - Jessica Maddox
- Department of Journalism and Creative Media, University of Alabama
| | - Aibek Musaev
- Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama
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Salivary Biomarkers and Oral Health in Liver Transplant Recipients, with an Emphasis on Diabetes. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11040662. [PMID: 33916950 PMCID: PMC8067605 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary biomarkers have been linked to various systemic diseases. We examined the association between salivary biomarkers, periodontal health, and microbial burden in liver transplant (LT) recipients with and without diabetes, after transplantation. We hypothesized that diabetic recipients would exhibit impaired parameters. This study included 84 adults who received an LT between 2000 and 2006 in Finland. Dental treatment preceded transplantation. The recipients were re-examined, on average, six years later. We evaluated a battery of salivary biomarkers, microbiota, and subjective oral symptoms. Periodontal health was assessed, and immunosuppressive treatments were recorded. Recipients with impaired periodontal health showed higher matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) levels (p < 0.05) and MMP-8/tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1) ratios (p < 0.001) than recipients with good periodontal health. Diabetes post-LT was associated with impaired periodontal health (p < 0.05). No difference between groups was found in the microbial counts. Salivary biomarker levels did not seem to be affected by diabetes. However, the advanced pro-inflammatory state induced by and associated with periodontal inflammation was reflected in the salivary biomarker levels, especially MMP-8 and the MMP-8/TIMP-1 molar ratio. Thus, these salivary biomarkers may be useful for monitoring the oral inflammatory state and the course of LT recipients.
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Home care recipients have poorer oral health than nursing home residents: Results from two German studies. J Dent 2021; 107:103607. [PMID: 33607197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe and compare the objective and subjective oral health of older nursing home residents and home care recipients, and to investigate whether oral health is associated with sociodemographic characteristics and the long-term care (LTC) setting. METHODS In two German studies, the oral health of 246 nursing home residents and 90 home care recipients aged ≥60 years was assessed objectively using the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) and subjectively using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP). OHAT and OHIP scores were compared between both settings. Multivariable logistic regressions were applied to investigate whether oral health is associated with sex, age group, LTC grade, and LTC setting. RESULTS OHAT and OHIP mean scores in the home care setting were higher compared to the nursing home setting (OHAT: 3.13 vs. 1.28, p < .0001; OHIP: 7.81 vs. 2.15, p < .0001). The adjusted odds ratios for poor objective and subjective oral health for home care recipients vs. nursing home residents were 6.71 (95 % confidence interval 3.29-13.69) and 4.92 (2.77-8.76). No significant associations with sociodemographic characteristics were found. CONCLUSIONS Oral health was poor in both settings, but home care recipients were more likely to have poor oral health than nursing home residents. Interventions to improve oral health are needed in the nursing home setting and, even more importantly, in the home care setting. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Oral health among older people in need of LTC is poor and should be improved. From a health policy perspective, home care recipients may need more attention.
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Morishita S, Ohara Y, Iwasaki M, Edahiro A, Motokawa K, Shirobe M, Furuya J, Watanabe Y, Suga T, Kanehisa Y, Ohuchi A, Hirano H. Relationship between Mortality and Oral Function of Older People Requiring Long-Term Care in Rural Areas of Japan: A Four-Year Prospective Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041723. [PMID: 33579046 PMCID: PMC7916757 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oral ingestion influences the life sustenance, quality of life, and dignity of older adults. Thus, it is an important issue in medical care and the welfare of older adults. The purpose of this four-year prospective cohort study was to investigate the relationship between mortality and oral function among older adults who required long-term care and were living in different settings in a rural area of Japan. This study included 289 participants aged 65 and older who required long-term care and lived in the former Omorimachi area in Yokote City, Akita Prefecture, located in northern Japan. Following the baseline survey, mortality data were collected over four years; 102 participants (35.3%) died during that time. A significant difference was noted in the overall survival rates between the groups with good and deterioration of oral function such as oral dryness, rinsing ability, swallowing function, and articulation, based on Log-rank test results. After adjusting for various potential confounders using Cox proportional-hazards regression, oral dryness (HR: 1.83, 95% confidence interval: 1.12−3.00) was significantly associated with mortality within four years. This study revealed that oral dryness influences the life prognosis of older adults who receive long-term care in different settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Morishita
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Meikai University, 1 Akemi, Urayasu-City, Chiba 279-8550, Japan; (S.M.); (Y.K.)
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.I.); (A.E.); (K.M.); (M.S.); (H.H.)
- Division of Welfare, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-746 Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata 951-8518, Japan;
| | - Yuki Ohara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.I.); (A.E.); (K.M.); (M.S.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-33-964-3241 (ext. 4211); Fax: +81-33-964-2316
| | - Masanori Iwasaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.I.); (A.E.); (K.M.); (M.S.); (H.H.)
| | - Ayako Edahiro
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.I.); (A.E.); (K.M.); (M.S.); (H.H.)
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.I.); (A.E.); (K.M.); (M.S.); (H.H.)
| | - Maki Shirobe
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.I.); (A.E.); (K.M.); (M.S.); (H.H.)
| | - Junichi Furuya
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ohta-Ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan;
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Nishi-7, Kita-13, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan;
| | - Takeo Suga
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan;
| | - Yayoi Kanehisa
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Meikai University, 1 Akemi, Urayasu-City, Chiba 279-8550, Japan; (S.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Akitugu Ohuchi
- Division of Welfare, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-746 Asahimachi-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata 951-8518, Japan;
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.I.); (A.E.); (K.M.); (M.S.); (H.H.)
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Taylor HL, Apathy NC, Vest JR. Health information exchange use during dental visits. AMIA ... ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS. AMIA SYMPOSIUM 2021; 2020:1210-1219. [PMID: 33936497 PMCID: PMC8075496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dental and medical providers require similar patient demographic and clinical information for the management of a mutual patient. Despite an overlap in information needs, medical and dental data are created and stored in multiple records and locations. Electronic health information exchange (HIE) bridge gaps in health data spread across various providers. Enabling exchange via query-based HIE may provide critical information at the point of care during a dental visit. The purpose of this study is to characterize query-based HIE use during dental visits at two Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) that provided on-site dental services. First, we determine the proportion of dental visits for which providers accessed the HIE. Next, site, patient and visit characteristics associated with query-based HIE use during dental visits are examined. Last, among dental visits with HIE use, the aspects of the HIE that are accessed most frequently are described. HIE use was low (0.17%) during dental visits, however our findings from this study extend the body of research examining HIE use by studying a less explored area of the care continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Taylor
- Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Nate C Apathy
- Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Joshua R Vest
- Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN
- Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN
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Haque M, Akter F. Smash of diabetes mellitus on smile. ADVANCES IN HUMAN BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/aihb.aihb_68_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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