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Wang HJ, Zhang LB, Sun SP, Yan QT, Gao ZQ, Fu FM, Qu MH. Duodenal-jejunal bypass improves hypothalamic oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic rats via glucagon-like peptide 1-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:287-304. [PMID: 38464379 PMCID: PMC10921169 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i2.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often accompanied by impaired glucose utilization in the brain, leading to oxidative stress, neuronal cell injury and infla-mmation. Previous studies have shown that duodenal jejunal bypass (DJB) surgery significantly improves brain glucose metabolism in T2DM rats, the role and the metabolism of DJB in improving brain oxidative stress and inflammation condition in T2DM rats remain unclear. AIM To investigate the role and metabolism of DJB in improving hypothalamic oxidative stress and inflammation condition in T2DM rats. METHODS A T2DM rat model was induced via a high-glucose and high-fat diet, combined with a low-dose streptozotocin injection. T2DM rats were divided into DJB operation and Sham operation groups. DJB surgical intervention was carried out on T2DM rats. The differential expression of hypothalamic proteins was analyzed using quantitative proteomics analysis. Proteins related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuronal injury in the hypothalamus of T2DM rats were analyzed by flow cytometry, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Quantitative proteomics analysis showed significant differences in proteins related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuronal injury in the hypothalamus of rats with T2DM-DJB after DJB surgery, compared to the T2DM-Sham groups of rats. Oxidative stress-related proteins (glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor, Nrf2, and HO-1) were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the hypothalamus of rats with T2DM after DJB surgery. DJB surgery significantly reduced (P < 0.05) hypothalamic inflammation in T2DM rats by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and decreasing the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. DJB surgery significantly reduced (P < 0.05) the expression of factors related to neuronal injury (glial fibrillary acidic protein and Caspase-3) in the hypothalamus of T2DM rats and upregulated (P < 0.05) the expression of neuroprotective factors (C-fos, Ki67, Bcl-2, and BDNF), thereby reducing hypothalamic injury in T2DM rats. CONCLUSION DJB surgery improve oxidative stress and inflammation in the hypothalamus of T2DM rats and reduce neuronal cell injury by activating the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Jie Wang
- Translational Medical Center, Weifang Second People's Hospital, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Bin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Weifang Second People's Hospital, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China
| | - Si-Peng Sun
- Translational Medical Center, Weifang Second People's Hospital, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qing-Tao Yan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Qin Gao
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fang-Ming Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mei-Hua Qu
- Translational Medical Center, Weifang Second People's Hospital, Weifang 261041, Shandong Province, China
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Kashihara H, Okikawa S, Morine Y, Yoshikawa K, Tokunaga T, Nishi M, Takasu C, Nishiyama M, Zushi M, Shimada M. Impact of Daikenchuto (TU-100) on the early postoperative period in duodenal-jejunal bypass. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2024; 71:210-218. [PMID: 39462554 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.71.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the effect of Daikenchuto (TU-100) on the early postoperative period in duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB). METHODS Study 1:The effect of TU-100 on diabetic rats was investigated. Rats were sacrificed after receiving TU-100 for one week. Study 2:The effect of TU-100 on DJB was investigated. Rats in the DJB and TU-100 treated DJB groups were sacrificed 24 hours postoperation to evaluate blood glucose, cytokine expression, and gut microbiome. RESULTS Study 1:TU-100 did not affect glucose or body weight. TU-100 suppressed intestinal inflammation and modified the gut microbiome. Specifically, Bifidobacterium and Blautia were increased, and Turicibacter were decreased in this group. Study 2:Both DJB and TU-100 treated DJB rats showed lower blood glucose at 24 hours postoperation than at preoperation. Cytokine expression in the liver and small intestine of the TU-100 treated DJB group was significantly lower than that of the DJB group. The gut microbiome composition in TU-100 treated DJB rats was altered. In particular, Bifidobacterium and Blautia were increased in this group. CONCLUSION DJB suppressed blood glucose during the early postoperative period. TU-100 may enhance the anti-diabetic effect of metabolic surgery by changing the gut microbiome and suppressing inflammation in the early postoperative period. J. Med. Invest. 71 : 210-218, August, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shohei Okikawa
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuji Morine
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kozo Yoshikawa
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takuya Tokunaga
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nishi
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Chie Takasu
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mitsue Nishiyama
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ami, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Makoto Zushi
- Tsumura Kampo Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ami, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Shimada
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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Akalestou E, Miras AD, Rutter GA, le Roux CW. Mechanisms of Weight Loss After Obesity Surgery. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:19-34. [PMID: 34363458 PMCID: PMC8755990 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity surgery remains the most effective treatment for obesity and its complications. Weight loss was initially attributed to decreased energy absorption from the gut but has since been linked to reduced appetitive behavior and potentially increased energy expenditure. Implicated mechanisms associating rearrangement of the gastrointestinal tract with these metabolic outcomes include central appetite control, release of gut peptides, change in microbiota, and bile acids. However, the exact combination and timing of signals remain largely unknown. In this review, we survey recent research investigating these mechanisms, and seek to provide insights on unanswered questions over how weight loss is achieved following bariatric surgery which may eventually lead to safer, nonsurgical weight-loss interventions or combinations of medications with surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Akalestou
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alexander D Miras
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Lee Kong Chian Imperial Medical School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carel W le Roux
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin, Ireland.,Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical Science, Ulster University, Belfast, UK
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Liang ZL, Jin YY, Guo Y, Qiu SJ, Zhao Y, Zhao ZH, Liu WC. Heat stress affects duodenal microbial community of indigenous yellow-feather broilers as determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1970034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Long Liang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yong-Yan Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Sheng-Jian Qiu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wen-Chao Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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Cook J, Lehne C, Weiland A, Archid R, Ritze Y, Bauer K, Zipfel S, Penders J, Enck P, Mack I. Gut Microbiota, Probiotics and Psychological States and Behaviors after Bariatric Surgery-A Systematic Review of Their Interrelation. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082396. [PMID: 32785153 PMCID: PMC7468806 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota plays an important role in health and disease, including brain function and behavior. Bariatric surgery (BS) has been reported to result in various changes in the GI microbiota, therefore demanding the investigation of the impact of GI microbiota on treatment success. The goal of this systematic review was to assess the effects of BS on the microbiota composition in humans and other vertebrates, whether probiotics influence postoperative health, and whether microbiota and psychological and behavioral factors interact. A search was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science to find relevant studies with respect to the GI microbiota and probiotics after BS, and later screened for psychological and behavioral parameters. Studies were classified into groups and subgroups to provide a clear overview of the outcomes. Microbiota changes were further assessed for whether they were specific to BS in humans through the comparison to sham operated controls in other vertebrate studies. Changes in alpha diversity appear not to be specific, whereas dissimilarity in overall microbial community structure, and increases in the abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria and Akkermansia spp. within the phylum Verrucomicrobia after surgery were observed in both human and other vertebrates studies and may be specific to BS in humans. Human probiotic studies differed regarding probiotic strains and dosages, however it appeared that probiotic interventions were not superior to a placebo for quality of life scores or weight loss after BS. The relationship between GI microbiota and psychological diseases in this context is unclear due to insufficient available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Cook
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Hospital, 72072 Tübingen, Germany; (J.C.); (C.L.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (S.Z.); (P.E.)
| | - Christine Lehne
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Hospital, 72072 Tübingen, Germany; (J.C.); (C.L.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (S.Z.); (P.E.)
| | - Alisa Weiland
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Hospital, 72072 Tübingen, Germany; (J.C.); (C.L.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (S.Z.); (P.E.)
| | - Rami Archid
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital, 72072 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Yvonne Ritze
- Institute for Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University Hospital, 72072 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Kerstin Bauer
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Hospital, 72072 Tübingen, Germany; (J.C.); (C.L.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (S.Z.); (P.E.)
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Hospital, 72072 Tübingen, Germany; (J.C.); (C.L.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (S.Z.); (P.E.)
| | - John Penders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) and Care and Public Health Research Institute(Caphri), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6211 Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Paul Enck
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Hospital, 72072 Tübingen, Germany; (J.C.); (C.L.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (S.Z.); (P.E.)
| | - Isabelle Mack
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Hospital, 72072 Tübingen, Germany; (J.C.); (C.L.); (A.W.); (K.B.); (S.Z.); (P.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-7071-2985614; Fax: +49-7071-294382
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate gut inflammation and permeability in rats after duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) and in rats injected with a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor analog. METHODS Twelve male 16-week-old obese diabetic rats were divided into three groups: the DJB group, the sham group, and the group injected daily with a GLP-1 receptor agonist (liraglutide). Gut inflammation and the expression of tight junction protein (claudin-1) were analyzed in the three groups at 8 weeks after surgery. RESULTS The DJB group showed significantly lower levels of gut inflammatory cytokines than the liraglutide group. Claudin-1 showed stronger intensity on immunofluorescent staining in the DJB group than that in the liraglutide group. CONCLUSIONS In summary, DJB surgery might maintain gut permeability via suppression of gut inflammation.
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Kashihara H, Shimada M, Yoshikawa K, Higashijima J, Miyatani T, Tokunaga T, Nishi M, Takasu C, Hamada Y. The Effect of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy on Obesity and Obesity-related Disease : the Results of 10 Initial Cases. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2019; 66:289-292. [PMID: 31656291 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.66.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction : The number of patients who undergo laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has been increasing. Department of Surgery, Tokushima University performed the first LSG in 2013. The aim of this study was to report the results of the initial ten cases who underwent a LSG. Patients and methods : Ten obese patients : five males and five females ; age range from thirty-three years to fifty-six years (mean age 42.2 years) ; mean body mass index (BMI) 50.3 ; five with diabetes ; nine with hypertension (HT) ; four with hyperlipidemia (HL) ; eight with sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) who underwent LSG were enrolled in this study. The data was analyzed retrospectively and included short- and long-term outcomes. Results : There were no post-operative complications in this study. The %EWL at three and six months and one year post-operative were 44.2%, 50.2% and 48.6% respectively. In three months post-operative the non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) had improved transaminase (AST/ALT), liver to spleen ratio in plain CT value. Improvements were also evident in the obesity-related diseases : diabetes 80% (4/5) ; HT 67% (6/9) ; HL 75% (3/4) ; and SAS 88% (7/8). Conclusion : LSG is a promising option for the treatment of morbid obesity and obesity-related diseases. J. Med. Invest. 66 : 289-292, August, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mitsuo Shimada
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kozo Yoshikawa
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Jun Higashijima
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | - Takuya Tokunaga
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nishi
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Chie Takasu
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Hamada
- Department of Therapeutic nutrition, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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