Gastric xanthoma is a predictive marker for metachronous and synchronous gastric cancer

Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of the two groups n (%)

	Group A (n = 109)	Group B (n = 83)	P value
Age, median [IQR], yr	66 [61-74]	72 [63-78]	0.0009
Male	92 (84.4)	72 (86.7)	0.7
Diabetes mellitus	24 (22.0)	12 (14.5)	0.2
Complicated other malignant disease	27 (24.8)	22 (26.5)	0.9
Helicobacter pylori status			0.4
Positive	82	57
Post eradicated	23	26
Negative	4	0
Tumor location			0.9
Upper	10	11
Middle	57	39
Lower	42	33
Tumor size, median [IQR], mm	15 [10-20]	15 [12-22]	0.3
Macroscopic type			0.5
0-I	9	3
0-IIa	67	52
0-IIb	26	25
0-IIc	7	3
Differentiated type	109 (100)	81 (97.6)	0.2
Tumor depth			0.1
M	97	80
SM	12	3

IQR: Interquartile range; M: Mucosal; SM: Submucosal.

Table 2 Endoscopic characteristics of the two groups n (%)

	Group A (n = 109)	Group B (n = 83)	P value
Severe atrophy	87 (79.8)	74 (89.2)	0.1
Intestinal metaplasia	49 (45.0)	48 (57.8)	0.08
Gastric xanthoma	35 (32.1)	45 (54.2)	0.003

Table 3 Endoscopic score of risk for gastric cancer of the two groups

	Group A (n = 109)	Group B (n = 83)	P value
Atrophy			0.005
0	4	0
1	6	0
2	99	83
Intestinal metaplasia			0.1
0	60	35
1	33	34
2	16	14
Fold swelling			0.6
0	99	73
1	10	10
Nodular gastritis			1.0
0	109	83
1	0	0
Diffuse redness			0.5
0	4	0
1	23	25
2	82	58
Total score, median [IQR]	4 [4-5]	4 [4-5]	0.1

IQR: Interquartile range.

Table 4 Multivariate analysis of predictive marker of metachronous and synchronous gastric cancer

	Odds ratio	P value
Age	1.04 (1.01-1.08)	0.02
Male	1.38 (0.57-3.34)	0.47
Severe atrophy	1.68 (0.70-4.05)	0.25
Intestinal metaplasia	1.35 (0.71-2.54)	0.36
Gastric xanthoma	2.11 (1.14-3.99)	0.02