Usefulness of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration in the diagnosis of hepatic, gallbladder and biliary tract Lesions

Table 1 Summary of the use of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration in the diagnosis of hepatic and biliary tract lesions

Diagnosis of focal malignant and benign liver lesions

Diagnosis of malignant biliary stricture and neoplasia

Preoperative staging of hepatocellular carcinoma and lymph node metastasis

Ablation of focal malignant and benign liver lesions

Liver biopsy

Fluid acquisition and biopsy of peritoneal and omental deposits

Drainage of intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary tree

Drainage of hepatic abscesses

Table 2 Summary of the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration in the diagnosis of focal hepatic, gallbladder and biliary tract lesions

Study, year, number	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Diagnosticaccuracy (%)
Focal malignant liver lesions
DeWitt et al[4], 2003, n = 77	82-94	-	-
Hollerbach et al[11], 2003, n = 44	94	100	-
Singh et al[16], 2007, n = 17	89	100	94
	CT (71)	67	69
	MR (86)	100	92
Prachayakul et al[19], 2012, n = 14	78.5	-	-
Malignant biliary tract and gallbladder lesions
Garrow et al[35], 2007, 36 studies, n = 3532	78	84	90
Nayar et al[36], 2011, n = 32	52	100	68
Fritscher-Ravens et al[37], 2004, n = 44	89	100	91
Weilert et al[41], 2014, n = 51	94	100	94
	ERCP brushing (50)	100	53
Mohamadnejad et al[42], 2011, n = 228	73	-	-
	ERCP brushing (27)		-
Tummala et al[43], 2013, n = 342	91.5	-	92.4
Meara et al[57], 2006, n = 53	80	100	-
	ERCP brushing (13)	75	-

CT: Computed tomography; MR: Magnetic resonance; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography.