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©The Author(s) 2026.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Feb 15, 2026; 18(2): 114161
Published online Feb 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i2.114161
Published online Feb 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i2.114161
Table 1 Summary of molecular marker expression changes in the Atp4a-/- mouse model after taurine intervention
| Marker | Type | Function | WT expression | Model expression vs WT | Taurine intervention expression vs model | P value (taurine vs model) | Detection method |
| CDX2 | Intestinal transcription factor | Regulates intestinal metaplasia initiation | Baseline | Upregulated (significant) | Downregulated (significant) | < 0.05 (mRNA), < 0.0001 (protein) | qPCR, IHC |
| MUC2 | Intestinal mucin | Goblet cell product in intestinal epithelium | Baseline | Upregulated (significant) | Downregulated (significant) | < 0.05 (mRNA), < 0.01 (protein) | qPCR, IHC |
| TFF3 | Intestinal repair factor | Associated with GIM severity | Baseline | Upregulated (significant) | Downregulated (significant) | < 0.05 (mRNA), < 0.01 (protein) | qPCR, IHC |
| MUC5AC | Gastric mucin | Surface mucous cell product | Baseline | Downregulated (nonsignificant at mRNA) | Upregulated (significant) | < 0.05 (mRNA), < 0.001 (protein) | qPCR, IHC |
Table 2 Summary of molecular marker expression changes in patient-derived gastric intestinal metaplasia organoids after taurine intervention
| Patient | Marker | Normal untreated | Normal + taurine | GIM untreated (vs untreated normal) | GIM + taurine (vs untreated GIM) | P value (GIM + taurine vs untreated GIM) | Detection method |
| All (1-3) | CDX2 | Baseline | - | Upregulated (significant) | Downregulated (significant) | < 0.05 | qPCR, WB |
| All (1-3) | MUC2 | Baseline | - | Upregulated (significant) | Downregulated (significant) | < 0.05 | qPCR |
| All (1-3) | TFF3 | Baseline | - | Upregulated (significant) | Downregulated (significant) | < 0.05 | qPCR, WB |
| 1 & 3 | MUC5AC | Baseline | - | Downregulated (significant) | Upregulated (significant) | < 0.05 | qPCR |
| 2 | MUC5AC | Baseline | - | Downregulated (significant) | Upregulated (nonsignificant) | > 0.05 | qPCR |
- Citation: Liu K, Zhang X, Li FZ, Zheng PY, Mi Y. Taurine suppresses gastric intestinal metaplasia in patient-derived organoids and Atp4a-/- mice. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2026; 18(2): 114161
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v18/i2/114161.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v18.i2.114161