Adult liver rhabdomyosarcoma complicated with sarcomatoid carcinoma: A case report

Table 1 Summary of cases with hepatic rhabdomyosarcoma reported in literature

Case number	Age/sex	Tumor size	Histopathology	Treatment	Follow-up (month)	Outcome
1	14/Female	15.5 cm × 9.5 cm × 12 cm	NA	Heavy dose of X-ray therapy and radiation therapy + total right hepatic lobectomy	NA	NA
2	65/Female	35 cm × 15 cm × 10 cm	Embryonal/alveolar	Untreated	3	Death
3	76/Male	NA	Embryonal	Untreated	2	Death
4	70/Male	Multinodular liver tumors	Pleomorphic	Untreated	8	Death
5	62/Male	14 cm × 9 cm × 9 cm	NA	Operation + trans-arterial embolisation therapy + chemotherapy	3	Death
6	1.4/Male	NA	NA	Palliative CA/VD chemotherapy	15	Death
	2.4/Male	NA	NA	Left hepatectomy + adjuvant CA/VD chemotherapy + radiotherapy	76 +	Survival
	7/Male	NA	NA	Palliative CA/VD chemotherapy	8	Death
7	68/Male	NA	Alveolar	NA	NA	NA
8	53/Male	20 cm	Embryonal	Surgical resection	3	Death
9	34/Female	12 cm × 12 cm × 6 cm	NA	Surgery	NA	NA
10	69/Male	NA	Pleomorphic	NA	NA	NA
11	63/Female	10 cm × 8 cm × 7 cm	Pleomorphic	Left hepatectomy	108	Survival
	29/Female	11 cm	Pleomorphic	Right hepatectomy + adjuvant AI chemotherapy	180	Survival
12	52/Male	19 cm × 12 cm × 11 cm	NA	Untreated	2	Death
13	8/Male	NA	Pleomorphic	Extended right hepatectomy	2	Death
14	14/Male	NA	Embryonal	Induction CEV chemotherapy	NA	NA
15	59/Female	6 cm	Alveolar	Left hemi-hepatectomy + palliative AI chemotherapy	31	Death
16	17/Male	20 cm × 13 cm	Embryonal	Palliative VCD, MAID, gemcitabine-paclitaxel chemotherapy	31	Death
17	67/Male	14.5 cm × 12.3 cm × 9.1 cm	Embryonal	Left hepatectomy + adjuvant AIV chemotherapy	24	Survival
18	40/Male	4.5 cm × 4 cm × 4 cm	Embryonal	Hepatic left lateral lobectomy	NA	NA
19	66/Female	20 cm × 15 cm	Pleomorphic	Right hepatectomy	5	Death
20	57/Female	18.5 cm	Spindle cell/sclerosing	Partial hepatectomy + adjuvant VCD/IE chemotherapy	12	Survival
21	73/Female	12 cm × 10 cm	Pleomorphic	Right hepatectomy + palliative trabectedin chemotherapy	6	Death
22	5/Female	Diffuse lesions	Embryonal	Induction VCD/VI chemotherapy + SIRT with yttrium-90 + EBRT + palliative VIE chemotherapy	29	Death
23	7/Male	7.5 cm × 7.3 cm × 7.7 cm	Embryonal	Neoadjuvant VIE chemotherapy + left hepatectomy + prophylactic radiotherapy + adjuvant VIE chemotherapy	38	Survival
24	71/Male	5.6 cm	Epithelioid	Untreated	12	Death
25	60/Female	8 cm × 7 cm × 6 cm	Pleomorphic	Neoadjuvant IVAD chemotherapy + right hepatectomy + adjuvant IVAD chemotherapy	12	Survival
26	15/Male	15.3 cm × 15.6 cm × 16 cm	Embryonal	Neoadjuvant AI chemotherapy + right extended hepatectomy + adjuvant AI chemotherapy	36	Survival
27	1.4/Female	9.4 cm × 9 cm × 11 cm	NA	Neoadjuvant VCD chemotherapy + left hepatectomy + IMRT + adjuvant VCD chemotherapy	48	Survival

NA: Not available; SIRT: Selective internal radiation therapy; EBRT: External beam radiation therapy; IMRT: Intensity modulated radiation therapy; CA: Cyclophosphamide + adriamycin; VD: Vincristine + dactinomycin; AI: Adriamycin + iosfamide; CEV: Cyclophosphamide + etoposide + vincristine; VCD: Vincristine + cyclophosphamide + dactinomycin; MAID: Mesna + adriamycin + iosfamide + dacarbazine; AIV: Adriamycin + iosfamide + vincristin; IE: Iosfamide + etoposide; VI: Vincristine + iosfamide; VIE: Vincristine + iosfamide + etoposide; IVAD: Iosfamide + vincristine + adriamycin + dactinomycin.