Associations between serum biomarkers and gut microbial imbalance in predicting chemotherapy response in colorectal cancer: A retrospective analysis

Table 1 Comparison of pre-chemotherapy serum S100A12 and soluble CD14 Levels between colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls

Group	S100A12 (ng/mL)	Soluble CD14 (ng/mL)
Colorectal cancer patients (n = 104)	158.64 ± 21.37	3345.29 ± 412.84
Healthy controls (n = 104)	89.72 ± 18.95	2384.61 ± 376.21
t value	78.611	17.540
P value	< 0.001	< 0.001

Table 2 Correlation between serum biomarkers and gut microbial abundance in colorectal cancer patients (n = 104)

Microbial indicator	S100A12		Soluble CD14
	r value	P value	r value	P value
Fusobacterium nucleatum	0.482	< 0.01	0.446	< 0.01
Prevotella abundance	0.457	< 0.01	0.429	< 0.01
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii	-0.505	< 0.01	-0.489	< 0.01
Akkermansia muciniphila	-0.462	< 0.01	-0.438	< 0.01

Table 3 Comparison of serum biomarker levels in colorectal cancer patients before and after chemotherapy

Time point	S100A12 (ng/mL)	Soluble CD14 (ng/mL)
Pre-chemotherapy	158.64 ± 21.37	3345.29 ± 412.84
Post-chemotherapy	112.89 ± 19.84	2771.03 ± 389.67
t value	16.000	10.315
P value	< 0.001	< 0.001

Table 4 Baseline serum biomarker levels in response vs non-response groups

Group	S100A12 (μg/L)	Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (ng/L)
Responders (complete response + partial response)	146.27 ± 18.93	3172.84 ± 401.22
Non-responders (stable disease + progressive disease)	182.96 ± 19.74	3682.31 ± 375.45
t value	13.680	9.455
P value	< 0.001	< 0.001

Table 5 Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of S100A12 and soluble CD14 in predicting chemotherapy non-response

Indicator	An area under the curve	95%CI	P value	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)
S100A12	0.776	0.692–0.854	< 0.001	78.1	73.6
Soluble CD14	0.759	0.678–0.843	< 0.001	75.0	72.2
Combined	0.838	0.764–0.902	< 0.001	84.4	76.4