Assessment of new pathological markers in early stage colon cancer: Insights and limitations

Table 1 Demographic data, risk factors, pathological markers, other tumoral conditions

Characterization	Number	Percentage rates (%)
Age (years)
< 67	77	49.7
≥ 67	78	50.3
Gender
Female	67	43.2
Male	88	56.8
Tumor location
Right colon	58	37.4
Left colon	97	62.6
Pathology
Mucinous	32	20.6
Nonmucinous	123	79.4
Tumor grade
Grade 1-2	144	92.9
Grade 3	11	7.1
Presence of perforation or obstruction
Yes	3	1.9
No	152	98.1
Surgical margin
Positive	1	0.6
Negative	154	99.4
Lymphovascular invasion
Positive	35	22.6
Negative	120	77.4
Perineural invasion
Positive	14	9.1
Negative	141	90.9
T stage
T1	7	4.5
T2	37	23.9
T3	88	56.8
T4	23	14.8
Lymph node dissection
< 12	102	65.8
≥ 12	53	35.2
MSI status
Intact	25	16.1
High	12	7.7
Unknown	118	76.1
Risk group
Low risk	25	16.1
High risk	130	83.9
TIL presence
Positive	50	32.3
Negative	105	67.7
Poorly differentiated clusters
Positive	91	58.7
Negative	64	41.3

MSI: Microsatellite instability; TIL: Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.

Table 2 Relationship of data with risk groups, n (%)

Characterization	Low risk group (n = 25)	High risk group (n = 130)	P value
Age (years)			0.83
< 67	13 (52)	64 (49.2)
≥ 67	12 (48)	66 (50.8)
Gender			0.66
Female	12 (48)	55 (42.3)
Male	13 (52)	75 (56.7)
Tumor location			0.12
Right colon	13 (52)	45 (34.6)
Left colon	12 (48)	85 (65.4)
Pathology			0.17
Mucinous	8 (32)	24 (18.5)
Nonmucinous	17 (68)	106 (81.5)
TIL presence			0.82
Positive	7 (28)	43 (33.1)
Negative	18 (72)	87 (66.9)
PDC			0.51
Positive	13 (52)	78 (60)
Negative	12 (48)	52 (40)
PDC grade (n = 91)			0.99
Grade 1	6 (46.1)	37 (47.4)
Grade 2	3 (23.1)	24 (30.8)
Grade 3	4 (30.8)	17 (21.8)
Tumor budding			0.37
Positive	7 (28)	51 (39.2)
Negative	18 (72)	79 (60.8)
Crohn-like reaction			0.99
Positive	3 (12)	18 (13.8)
Negative	22 (88)	112 (86.2)
Desmoid reaction			0.83
Positive	13 (52)	73 (56.2)
Negative	12 (48)	57 (43.8)
Tumor-stroma ratio			0.80
Low	5 (20)	31 (23.8)
High	20 (80)	99 (76.2)

PDC: Poorly differentiated clusters; TIL: Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.