Construction of a prognostic model for colorectal cancer liver metastasis: A retrospective study based on population data

Table 1 Characteristics of patients in the training and validation cohorts, n (%)

Characteristic	Cohort		P value
	Training cohort, n = 741	Test cohort, n = 318
Sex			0.710
Female	298 (40.2)	124 (39.0)
Male	443 (59.8)	194 (61.0)
Age	58 ± 13	59 ± 12	0.444
Blood type			0.599
A	215 (29.0)	81 (25.5)
AB	66 (8.9)	34 (10.7)
B	247 (33.3)	108 (34.0)
O	213 (28.7)	95 (29.9)
Albumin level	39 ± 6	40 ± 6	0.220
Globulin level	27.0 ± 4.6	26.8 ± 4.4	0.452
Direct bilirubin	6.44 ± 16.57	5.36 ± 4.65	0.101
GGT	51 ± 105	46 ± 88	0.403
AST	29 ± 32	27 ± 21	0.226
Chlorine	103.2 ± 4.0	103.5 ± 4.0	0.374
Cystatin C	0.92 ± 0.23	0.92 ± 0.23	0.952
AFP	2.72 (1.85, 3.78)	2.53 (1.71, 3.57)	0.136
CEA	7 (3, 33)	7 (3, 28)	0.718
CA19-9	23 (10, 82)	20 (8, 59)	0.979
CA125	14 (10, 23)	14 (10, 26)	0.455
White blood cell	7.6 ± 3.5	7.7 ± 3.6	0.753
Neutral lymphoid ratio	0.73 ± 0.14	0.73 ± 0.13	0.782
Lymphocyte ratio	0.19 ± 0.11	0.19 ± 0.10	0.639
Eosinophils ratio	0.009 (0.001, 0.019)	0.009 (0.002, 0.021)	0.973
Platelet level	230 ± 93	233 ± 101	0.661
D-Dimer	773 ± 1832	907 ± 2238	0.349
APTT	32 ± 8	32 ± 7	0.235
Tumor type
Common adenocarcinoma	18 (2.4)	10 (3.1)	0.226
Adenosquamous carcinoma	6 (0.8)	0 (0.0)
Mucinous adenocarcinoma	702 (94.7)	303 (95.3)
Squamous cell carcinoma	4 (0.5)	0 (0.0)
Neuroendocrine carcinoma	7 (0.9)	1 (0.3)
Signet ring cell carcinoma	4 (0.5)	4 (1.3)
T stage			0.652
T1	218 (29.4)	90 (28.3)
T2	98 (13.2)	37 (11.6)
T3	298 (40.2)	139 (43.7)
T4	127 (17.1)	52 (16.4)
N stage			0.115
N0	298 (40.2)	122 (38.4)
N1	271 (36.6)	136 (42.8)
N2	172 (23.2)	60 (18.9)
Microsatellite instability status			0.372
pMMR	559 (75.4)	248 (78.0)
dMMR	182 (24.6)	70 (22.0)
Perineural invasion			0.654
Negative	86 (11.6)	40 (12.6)
Positive	655 (88.4)	278 (87.4)
Vascular invasion			0.873
Negative	225 (30.4)	95 (29.9)
Positive	516 (69.6)	223 (70.1)

GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; APTT: Activated partial thromboplastin time; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA: Carbohydrate antigen; pMMR: Proficient DNA mismatch repair; dMMR: Deficiency in mismatch repair.