Meta-Analysis
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Aug 15, 2024; 16(8): 3672-3686
Published online Aug 15, 2024. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i8.3672
Table 1 League table for clinical outcomes
League table
OS
HAIC + Lenv + A0.42 (0.12; 1.44)
0.58 (0.09; 3.84)HAIC + A0.38 (0.12; 1.17)
0.42 (0.12; 1.44)0.73 (0.17; 3.08)HAIC + Lenv0.52 (0.21; 1.28)
0.36 (0.05; 2.31)0.61 (0.13; 2.93)0.84 (0.20; 3.46)HAIC + PD-10.62 (0.21; 1.84)
0.24 (0.05; 1.17)0.41 (0.12; 1.39)0.56 (0.20; 1.56)0.66 (0.20; 2.20)HAIC + Sora0.43 (0.12; 1.47)0.58 (0.36; 0.94)
0.24 (0.04; 1.63)0.42 (0.08; 2.09)0.58 (0.13; 2.47)0.68 (0.14; 3.32)1.03 (0.31; 3.43)    HAIC + RT0.50 (0.16; 1.52)
0.22 (0.05; 1.01)0.38 (0.12; 1.17)0.52 (0.21; 1.28)0.62 (0.21; 1.84)0.94 (0.57; 1.55)0.91 (0.29; 2.85)HAIC0.53 (0.40; 0.70)0.50 (0.33; 0.75)0.32 (0.11; 0.95)
0.12 (0.03; 0.57)0.21 (0.07; 0.67)0.29 (0.11; 0.74)0.34 (0.11; 1.05)0.52 (0.33; 0.81)0.50 (0.16; 1.52)0.55 (0.42; 0.72)Sora
0.11 (0.01; 0.84)0.18 (0.03; 1.10)0.25 (0.05; 1.33)0.30 (0.05; 1.76)0.45 (0.10; 2.00)0.44 (0.07; 2.66)0.48 (0.12; 1.95)0.88 (0.21; 3.63)HAIC + TACE + S-11.00 (0.35; 2.86)
0.11 (0.02; 0.63)0.18 (0.04; 0.78)0.25 (0.07; 0.91)0.30 (0.07; 1.24)0.45 (0.16; 1.29)0.44 (0.10; 1.90)0.48 (0.19; 1.21)0.88 (0.34; 2.28)1.00 (0.35; 2.86)HAIC + TACE1.03 (0.45; 2.34)
0.11 (0.02; 0.53)0.19 (0.06; 0.63)0.26 (0.10; 0.70)0.31 (0.10; 0.99)0.47 (0.24; 0.90)0.45 (0.13; 1.52)0.50 (0.33; 0.75)0.90 (0.55; 1.47)1.03 (0.27; 3.91)1.03 (0.45; 2.34)TACE
0.07 (0.01; 0.46)0.12 (0.03; 0.58)0.17 (0.04; 0.68)0.20 (0.04; 0.92)0.30 (0.09; 0.99)0.29 (0.06; 1.40)0.32 (0.11; 0.95)0.58 (0.19; 1.77)0.66 (0.11; 3.87)0.66 (0.16; 2.73)0.64 (0.20; 2.04)BSC
PFS
HAIC + A0.49 (0.17; 1.39)
0.96 (0.17; 5.46)HAIC + Lenv + A0.46 (0.16; 1.36)
0.85 (0.16; 4.50)0.89 (0.13; 5.94)HAIC + TACE + S-10.90 (0.31; 2.59)
0.77 (0.21; 2.77)0.80 (0.17; 3.87)0.90 (0.31; 2.59)HAIC + TACE0.39 (0.22; 0.70)
0.75 (0.17; 3.29)0.78 (0.14; 4.44)0.88 (0.17; 4.61)0.97 (0.27; 3.50)HAIC + PD-10.65 (0.23; 1.85)
0.53 (0.10; 2.70)0.55 (0.09; 3.58)0.62 (0.10; 3.73)0.69 (0.16; 2.94)0.71 (0.14; 3.61)HAIC + RT0.47 (0.14; 1.52)
0.49 (0.17; 1.39)0.51 (0.13; 2.04)0.57 (0.16; 2.07)0.63 (0.30; 1.32)0.65 (0.23; 1.85)0.92 (0.26; 3.21)HAIC0.91 (0.38; 2.16)0.62 (0.39; 0.98)0.51 (0.33; 0.78)
0.44 (0.11; 1.72)0.46 (0.16; 1.36)0.52 (0.11; 2.45)0.57 (0.18; 1.80)0.59 (0.15; 2.30)0.84 (0.18; 3.83)0.91 (0.38; 2.16)HAIC + Lenv
0.39 (0.11; 1.32)0.40 (0.09; 1.86)0.45 (0.11; 1.91)0.50 (0.19; 1.34)0.52 (0.15; 1.76)0.73 (0.20; 2.61)0.79 (0.42; 1.51)0.87 (0.30; 2.57)HAIC + Sora0.64 (0.40; 1.03)
0.30 (0.10; 0.95)0.31 (0.07; 1.36)0.35 (0.11; 1.18)0.39 (0.22; 0.70)0.40 (0.13; 1.26)0.57 (0.15; 2.16)0.62 (0.39; 0.98)0.68 (0.26; 1.82)0.78 (0.36; 1.72)TACE
0.25 (0.08; 0.77)0.26 (0.06; 1.10)0.29 (0.07; 1.12)0.32 (0.14; 0.75)0.33 (0.11; 1.02)0.47 (0.14; 1.52)0.51 (0.33; 0.78)0.56 (0.21; 1.47)0.64 (0.40; 1.03)0.82 (0.44; 1.53)Sora
CR
HAIC + Sora6.21 (0.28; 138.56)6.77 (2.11; 21.68)
1.46 (0.02; 90.79)HAIC + PD-11.82 (0.04; 92.69)
2.27 (0.22; 22.94)1.55 (0.02; 123.86)HAIC + TACE + S-11.10 (0.26; 4.62)
2.49 (0.41; 15.27)1.70 (0.03; 106.73)1.10 (0.26; 4.62)HAIC + TACE3.30 (1.20; 9.03)
2.66 (0.75; 9.46)1.82 (0.04; 92.69)1.17 (0.17; 8.14)1.07 (0.29; 3.91)HAIC1.93 (0.09; 42.76)2.13 (0.32; 14.10)3.01 (1.41; 6.41)3.08 (1.36; 6.98)
5.15 (0.18; 146.19)3.52 (0.02; 524.16)2.27 (0.06; 87.52)2.07 (0.07; 59.37)1.93 (0.09; 42.76)BSC
5.67 (0.58; 55.24)3.87 (0.05; 303.50)2.50 (0.17; 37.42)2.27 (0.23; 22.55)2.13 (0.32; 14.10)1.10 (0.03; 41.42)HAIC + Lenv
7.62 (2.55; 22.77)5.21 (0.10; 283.99)3.36 (0.42; 26.67)3.06 (0.69; 13.61)2.86 (1.37; 5.98)1.48 (0.06; 35.69)1.35 (0.18; 10.25)Sora
8.21 (1.82; 37.10)5.62 (0.10; 310.71)3.62 (0.63; 20.94)3.30 (1.20; 9.03)3.08 (1.36; 6.98)1.59 (0.06; 39.20)1.45 (0.18; 11.38)1.08 (0.36; 3.24)TACE
PR
HAIC + TACE + S-12.34 (0.86; 6.40)
1.59 (0.42; 6.00)HAIC + Lenv1.54 (0.92; 2.56)
1.72 (0.44; 6.65)1.08 (0.50; 2.33)HAIC + PD-11.42 (0.80; 2.51)
2.34 (0.86; 6.40)1.48 (0.62; 3.53)1.36 (0.55; 3.37)HAIC + TACE2.16 (1.14; 4.08)
2.42 (0.61; 9.51)1.52 (0.69; 3.37)1.41 (0.61; 3.23)1.03 (0.41; 2.62)HAIC + Sora5.00 (1.19; 21.04)4.50 (2.71; 7.48)
2.44 (0.72; 8.32)1.54 (0.92; 2.56)1.42 (0.80; 2.51)1.04 (0.51; 2.11)1.01 (0.55; 1.85)HAIC2.07 (1.54; 2.80)4.62 (0.24; 89.16)6.32 (4.08; 9.80)
5.05 (1.54; 16.61)3.18 (1.76; 5.76)2.94 (1.55; 5.59)2.16 (1.14; 4.08)2.09 (1.06; 4.12)2.07 (1.54; 2.80)TACE
11.28 (0.46; 277.69)7.10 (0.35; 143.15)6.56 (0.32; 133.57)4.81 (0.23; 100.83)4.67 (0.23; 95.70)4.62 (0.24; 89.16)2.23 (0.11; 43.69)BSC
13.29 (3.63; 48.61)8.37 (4.32; 16.23)7.73 (3.81; 15.68)5.67 (2.49; 12.89)5.50 (3.40; 8.89)5.45 (3.57; 8.30)2.63 (1.57; 4.41)1.18 (0.06; 23.41)Sora
ORR
HAIC + TACE + S-11.99 (0.40; 9.99)
1.28 (0.12; 14.33)HAIC + Lenv1.95 (0.51; 7.44)
1.76 (0.15; 21.24)1.37 (0.19; 10.05)HAIC + PD-11.42 (0.33; 6.19)
1.96 (0.21; 18.19)1.53 (0.29; 7.97)1.11 (0.19; 6.47)HAIC + Sora8.00 (1.08; 59.18)6.08 (2.38; 15.59)
1.99 (0.40; 9.99)1.55 (0.26; 9.34)1.13 (0.17; 7.53)1.02 (0.22; 4.74)HAIC + TACE3.97 (1.43; 11.04)
2.50 (0.34; 18.61)1.95 (0.51; 7.44)1.42 (0.33; 6.19)1.28 (0.48; 3.37)1.26 (0.38; 4.15)HAIC1.93 (0.07; 56.84)3.16 (1.71; 5.85)8.36 (4.66 15.01)
4.84 (0.09; 246.61)3.77 (0.10; 143.00)2.74 (0.07; 109.59)2.47 (0.07; 83.18)2.43 (0.07; 87.58)1.93 (0.07; 56.84)BSC
7.91 (1.17; 53.36)6.16 (1.41; 26.89)4.48 (0.91; 22.12)4.04 (1.28; 12.73)3.97 (1.43; 11.04)3.16 (1.71; 5.85)1.63 (0.05; 50.80)TACE
17.88 (2.22; 143.80)13.92 (3.25; 59.60)10.14 (2.09; 49.09)9.13 (3.87; 21.51)8.97 (2.39; 33.65)7.15 (4.06; 12.58)3.70 (0.12; 113.89)2.26 (0.98; 5.22)Sora
DCR
HAIC + TACE + S-12.04 (0.55; 7.61)
1.17 (0.15; 9.35)HAIC + PD-12.52 (0.72; 8.81)
2.04 (0.55; 7.61)1.74 (0.35; 8.65)HAIC + TACE3.87 (1.64; 9.11)
2.95 (0.56; 15.45)2.52 (0.72; 8.81)1.45 (0.53; 3.94)HAIC1.40 (0.45; 4.37)0.06 (0.00; 1.40)1.71 (0.33; 8.88)2.67 (1.59; 4.50)3.02 (2.08; 4.40)
4.14 (0.56; 30.84)3.53 (0.65; 19.15)2.03 (0.45; 9.24)1.40 (0.45; 4.37)HAIC + Lenv
4.38 (0.71; 26.90)3.73 (0.87; 16.04)2.15 (0.62; 7.49)1.48 (0.70; 3.13)1.06 (0.27; 4.11)HAIC + Sora1.68 (0.86; 3.29)
5.05 (0.49; 52.13)4.30 (0.54; 34.07)2.47 (0.36; 17.01)1.71 (0.33; 8.88)1.22 (0.16; 9.01)1.15 (0.19; 7.03)BSC
7.89 (1.64; 37.97)6.73 (1.73; 26.11)3.87 (1.64; 9.11)2.67 (1.59; 4.50)1.90 (0.55; 6.64)1.80 (0.73; 4.48)1.56 (0.28; 8.79)TACE
8.52 (1.56; 46.49)7.26 (1.97; 26.84)4.18 (1.43; 12.17)2.89 (1.99; 4.19)2.06 (0.62; 6.80)1.95 (1.01; 3.75)1.69 (0.31; 9.14)1.08 (0.57; 2.05)Sora
HAIC: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy; Sora: Sorafenib; Lenv: Lenvatinib; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization; RT: Radiotherapy; S-1: A composite preparation of a 5-fluorouracil prodrug; A: Ablation; PD-1: Programmed death 1; BSC: Best supportive care.
Table 2 League table for adverse events
League table
Any grade AEs
HAIC0.86 (0.47; 1.56)0.88 (0.35; 2.22)0.48 (0.25; 0.92)0.16 (0.05; 0.54)
0.86 (0.47; 1.56)HAIC + Lenv0.76 (0.38; 1.55)
0.88 (0.35; 2.22)1.03 (0.34; 3.09)HAIC + A
0.66 (0.26; 1.66)0.76 (0.38; 1.55)0.74 (0.20; 2.75)HAIC + Lenv + A
0.48 (0.25; 0.92)0.56 (0.23; 1.35)0.54 (0.18; 1.68)0.73 (0.24; 2.27)Sora0.53 (0.22; 1.24)
0.25 (0.09; 0.74)0.29 (0.09; 1.00)0.29 (0.07; 1.18)0.38 (0.09; 1.59)0.53 (0.22; 1.24)HAIC + Sora
0.16 (0.05; 0.54)0.19 (0.05; 0.72)0.19 (0.04; 0.84)0.25 (0.06; 1.13)0.34 (0.09; 1.33)0.65 (0.13; 3.23)TACE
3-4 grade AEs
HAIC + PD-10.26 (0.01; 6.54)
0.26 (0.01; 6.54)HAIC0.96 (0.22; 4.26)0.63 (0.30; 1.31)0.49 (0.09; 2.69)0.32 (0.13; 0.75)
0.25 (0.01; 8.71)0.96 (0.22; 4.26)HAIC + Lenv0.54 (0.05; 5.76)
0.16 (0.01; 4.45)0.63 (0.30; 1.31)0.65 (0.12; 3.43)Sora0.42 (0.14; 1.23)
0.13 (0.00; 9.57)0.52 (0.03; 8.50)0.54 (0.05; 5.76)0.83 (0.05; 14.97)HAIC + LENV + A
0.13 (0.00; 4.90)0.49 (0.09; 2.69)0.51 (0.05; 4.89)0.79 (0.12; 5.02)0.96 (0.04; 25.23)HAIC + A
0.07 (0.00; 2.97)0.29 (0.05; 1.70)0.30 (0.03; 3.04)0.46 (0.07; 3.16)0.56 (0.02; 15.36)0.58 (0.05; 6.78)HAIC + TACE1.10 (0.23; 5.19)
0.08 (0.00; 2.32)0.32 (0.13; 0.75)0.33 (0.06; 1.84)0.51 (0.16; 1.59)0.61 (0.03; 11.50)0.64 (0.10; 4.30)1.10 (0.23; 5.19)TACE
0.07 (0.00; 2.21)0.26 (0.07; 0.97)0.27 (0.04; 1.97)0.42 (0.14; 1.23)0.51 (0.02; 11.17)0.53 (0.06; 4.51)0.91 (0.10; 8.28)0.83 (0.17; 3.97)HAIC + Sora
3-4 grade AEs for thrombocytopenia
Sora0.27 (0.15; 0.46)0.19 (0.01; 4.08)0.11 (0.05; 0.24)
0.85 (0.02; 29.67)HAIC + TACE + S-10.36 (0.01; 8.96)
0.30 (0.07; 1.37)0.36 (0.01; 8.96)HAIC + TACE0.56 (0.20; 1.55)
0.27 (0.15; 0.46)0.32 (0.01; 11.60)0.89 (0.18; 4.42)HAIC + Sora
0.24 (0.00; 14.92)0.28 (0.00; 58.91)0.78 (0.01; 56.14)0.88 (0.01; 57.66)HAIC + Lenv0.47 (0.01; 27.94)
0.19 (0.01; 4.08)0.22 (0.00; 24.56)0.63 (0.02; 19.15)0.70 (0.03; 15.97)0.80 (0.00; 140.28)HAIC + RT
0.17 (0.06; 0.52)0.20 (0.01; 5.89)0.56 (0.20; 1.55)0.63 (0.18; 2.20)0.72 (0.01; 46.14)0.90 (0.03; 23.63)TACE0.66 (0.29; 1.47)
0.08 (0.00; 4.22)0.09 (0.00; 17.21)0.25 (0.00; 15.93)0.29 (0.01; 16.31)0.33 (0.00; 94.05)0.41 (0.00; 63.25)0.45 (0.01; 24.96)HAIC + A1.45 (0.03; 73.68)
0.11 (0.05; 0.24)0.13 (0.00; 4.24)0.37 (0.10; 1.35)0.42 (0.16; 1.07)0.47 (0.01; 27.94)0.59 (0.02; 14.00)0.66 (0.29; 1.47)1.45 (0.03; 73.68)HAIC0.54 (0.03; 8.82)
0.06 (0.00; 1.09)0.07 (0.00; 6.15)0.20 (0.01; 4.33)0.23 (0.01; 4.28)0.26 (0.00; 35.95)0.32 (0.00; 21.78)0.36 (0.02; 6.48)0.79 (0.01; 97.36)0.54 (0.03; 8.82)HAIC + PD-1
3-4 grade AEs for elevated total bilirubin
HAIC + Lenv0.57 (0.01; 29.09)0.34 (0.03; 4.22)
0.65 (0.02; 23.55)HAIC + RT0.49 (0.04; 5.61)
0.56 (0.01; 33.37)0.86 (0.01; 51.75)HAIC + PD-10.60 (0.02; 14.98)
0.57 (0.01; 29.09)0.87 (0.00; 178.10)1.01 (0.00; 293.95)HAIC + LENV + A
0.34 (0.03; 4.22)0.52 (0.04; 6.61)0.60 (0.02; 14.98)0.60 (0.01; 63.73)HAIC0.94 (0.46; 1.89)0.23 (0.01; 5.65)0.24 (0.09; 0.65)
0.32 (0.02; 4.68)0.49 (0.04; 6.06)0.57 (0.02; 16.06)0.56 (0.00; 65.61)0.94 (0.37; 2.38)HAIC + Sora1.00 (0.54; 1.84)
0.32 (0.02; 4.36)0.49 (0.04; 5.61)0.57 (0.02; 15.15)0.56 (0.00; 62.97)0.94 (0.46; 1.89)1.00 (0.54; 1.84)Sora
0.16 (0.01; 2.86)0.25 (0.01; 4.46)0.29 (0.01; 9.46)0.28 (0.00; 36.96)0.47 (0.12; 1.90)0.51 (0.10; 2.68)0.51 (0.11; 2.39)HAIC + TACE0.50 (0.19; 1.30)
0.08 (0.00; 4.58)0.12 (0.00; 7.10)0.14 (0.00; 12.89)0.14 (0.00; 39.31)0.23 (0.01; 5.65)0.24 (0.01; 6.87)0.24 (0.01; 6.50)0.48 (0.01; 15.85)HAIC + A
0.08 (0.01; 1.22)0.12 (0.01; 1.90)0.14 (0.00; 4.16)0.14 (0.00; 16.88)0.24 (0.09; 0.65)0.25 (0.06; 1.00)0.25 (0.07; 0.87)0.50 (0.19; 1.30)1.05 (0.04; 30.26)TACE
AEs: Adverse events; HAIC: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy; Sora: Sorafenib; Lenv: Lenvatinib; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization; RT: Radiotherapy; S-1: A composite preparation of a 5-fluorouracil prodrug. A: Ablation; PD-1: Programmed death 1; BSC: Best supportive care; PR: Partial response; CR: Complete response; DCR: Disease control rate; ORR: Objective response rate; OS: Overall survival; PFS: Progression-free survival.