Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 is positively correlated with the autophagy level in colon cancer

Table 1 Basic information of patients expressing cyclin-dependent kinase 9, n (%)

Characteristic	Category	Low expression of CDK9, n = 322	High expression of CDK9, n = 322	P value
T stage	T1	10 (1.6)	10 (1.6)	0.014
	T2	61 (9.5)	50 (7.8)
	T3	225 (35.1)	211 (32.9)
	T4	24 (3.7)	50 (7.8)
N stage	N0	192 (30.0)	176 (27.5)	0.108
	N1	78 (12.2)	75 (11.7)
	N2	49 (7.7)	70 (10.9)
M stage	M0	236 (41.8)	239 (42.4)	0.368
	M1	39 (6.9)	50 (8.9)
Primary therapy outcome	PD	13 (4.2)	20 (6.4)	0.185
	SD	1 (0.3)	4 (1.3)
	PR	10 (3.2)	6 (1.9)
	CR	138 (44.2)	120 (38.5)
Sex	Female	143 (22.2)	158 (24.5)	0.269
	Male	179 (27.8)	164 (25.5)
CEA level	≤ 5	135 (32.5)	126 (30.4)	0.944
	> 5	81 (19.5)	73 (17.6)
Perineural invasion	No	82 (34.9)	93 (39.6)	0.621
	Yes	31 (13.2)	29 (12.3)
Lymphatic invasion	No	193 (33.2)	157 (27)	0.008
	Yes	101 (17.4)	131 (22.5)
History of colon polyps	No	192 (34.6)	185 (33.3)	1.000
	Yes	91 (16.4)	87 (15.7)
Neoplasm type	Colon adenocarcinoma	235 (36.5)	243 (37.7)	0.528
	Rectum adenocarcinoma	87 (13.5)	79 (12.3)
Age in yr, median (IQR)		68.5 (60.0, 76.8)	67.0 (57.0, 75.0)	0.104

CDK9: Cyclin-dependent kinase 9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; PD: Progressive disease; PR: Partial response; SD: Stable disease; CR: Complete response; IQR: Interquartile range.

Table 2 Basic information of patients expressing ABCG2, n (%)

Characteristic	Category	Low expression of ABCG2, n = 322	High expression of ABCG2, n = 322	P value
T stage	T1	15 (2.3)	5 (0.8)	0.114
	T2	54 (8.4)	57 (8.9)
	T3	219 (34.2)	217 (33.9)
	T4	33 (5.1)	41 (6.4)
N stage	N0	209 (32.7)	159 (24.8)	< 0.001
	N1	76 (11.9)	77 (12.0)
	N2	36 (5.6)	83 (13.0)
M stage	M0	239 (42.4)	236 (41.8)	0.111
	M1	36 (6.4)	53 (9.4)
Primary therapy outcome	PD	12 (3.8)	21 (6.7)	0.305
	SD	2 (0.6)	3 (1.0)
	PR	10 (3.2)	6 (1.9)
	CR	129 (41.3)	129 (41.3)
Sex	Female	143 (22.2)	158 (24.5)	0.269
	Male	179 (27.8)	164 (25.5)
CEA level	≤ 5	127 (30.6)	134 (32.3)	0.986
	> 5	74 (17.8)	80 (19.3)
Perineural invasion	No	90 (38.3)	85 (36.2)	0.351
	Yes	26 (11.1)	34 (14.5)
Lymphatic invasion	No	192 (33.0)	158 (27.1)	0.007
	Yes	100 (17.2)	132 (22.7)
History of colon polyps	No	182 (32.8)	195 (35.1)	0.510
	Yes	92 (16.6)	86 (15.5)
Neoplasm type	Colon adenocarcinoma	244 (37.9)	234 (36.3)	0.417
	Rectum adenocarcinoma	78 (12.1)	88 (13.7)
Age in yr, median (IQR)		68.0 (59.0, 75.8)	68.0 (57.3, 76.0)	0.423

CDK9: Cyclin-dependent kinase 9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; PD: Progressive disease; PR: Partial response; SD: Stable disease; CR: Complete response; IQR: Interquartile range.

Table 3 Basic information of patients expressing BECN1, n (%)

Characteristic	Category	Low expression of BECN1, n = 322	High expression of BECN1, n = 322	P value
T stage	T1	11 (1.7)	9 (1.4)	0.599
	T2	58 (9.0)	53 (8.3)
	T3	210 (32.8)	226 (35.3)
	T4	41 (6.4)	33 (5.1)
N stage	N0	179 (28.0)	189 (29.5)	0.523
	N1	76 (11.9)	77 (12.0)
	N2	65 (10.2)	54 (8.4)
M stage	M0	246 (43.6)	229 (40.6)	0.496
	M1	42 (7.4)	47 (8.3)
Primary therapy outcome	PD	16 (5.1)	17 (5.4)	0.775
	SD	2 (0.6)	3 (1.0)
	PR	10 (3.2)	6 (1.9)
	CR	128 (41)	130 (41.7)
Sex	Female	149 (23.1)	152 (23.6)	0.874
	Male	173 (26.9)	170 (26.4)
CEA level	≤ 5	126 (30.4)	135 (32.5)	0.477
	> 5	68 (16.4)	86 (20.7)
Perineural invasion	No	58 (24.7)	117 (49.8)	0.310
	Yes	15 (6.4)	45 (19.1)
Lymphatic invasion	No	160 (27.5)	190 (32.6)	0.014
	Yes	131 (22.5)	101 (17.4)
History of colon polyps	No	177 (31.9)	200 (36)	< 0.001
	Yes	113 (20.4)	65 (11.7)
Neoplasm type	Colon adenocarcinoma	234 (36.3)	244 (37.9)	0.417
	Rectum adenocarcinoma	88 (13.7)	78 (12.1)
Age in yr, median (IQR)		69.0 (62.0, 77.0)	65.5 (55.3, 75.0)	< 0.001

CDK9: Cyclin-dependent kinase 9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; PD: Progressive disease; PR: Partial response; SD: Stable disease; CR: Complete response; IQR: Interquartile range.